How to understand the concept of sponge city, what is the concept and content of sponge city?

<>I think it is clearer to understand according to the above diagram, the international sponge city is also called "low-impact development stormwater system", which mainly includes 7 aspects:

Promote the use of rainwater harvesting and utilization of buildings and green roofs; increase the ability of road green space to absorb rainwater; New urban roads increase water permeability (solid color permeable overall pavement); new large-scale public service facilities supporting rainwater collection and utilization; the ecological space necessary to sustain the urban water cycle; Rainwater must be purified by the shoreline; Groundwater extraction is strictly controlled.

Urban functional area is a concept of urban functional area proposed to adapt to the phenomenon that the urban society is becoming more and more developed, the more frequent the dark gray economic connection between the city and the surrounding area, and the more blurred the decomposition between urban and rural areas. It includes metropolitan areas, metropolitan belts, urban contiguous areas, urban agglomerations, metropolitan areas, and urban dense areas.

Conception. Metropolitan area: Metropolitan area is a commonly used urban functional regional concept abroad. It is a combination of a large population nucleus and adjoining communities with which there is a high degree of socio-economic integration, generally with the county as the basic unit.

Metropolitan belts: There are many metropolitan areas that are connected end to end, and they have close interactions in economic, social, cultural and other aspects, so that the huge urban area complex is called the metropolitan belt.

Urban contiguous area: Urban contiguous area is an urban-rural integration area with the metropolitan area as the basic unit, a number of large cities as the core, and maintaining strong interaction and close socio-economic ties with the surrounding areas, and distributing along one or more transportation corridors.

Urban agglomeration: Urban agglomeration refers to the internal connection between the occurrence and development of urban individuals under specific natural environmental conditions, with one or two megacities or megacities as the core of the regional economy, with the help of modern means of transportation and the accessibility of comprehensive transportation networks, as well as highly developed information networks, and together constitute a relatively complete urban "aggregate". Such an aggregate is called an urban agglomeration.

Metropolitan area: A metropolitan area is an urbanized complex composed of one or more core cities and several related peripheral cities, which are closely related in space, interdependent in terms of organic division of labor in terms of function, and have a tendency to integrate.

Urban dense area: This is a term for the geographical space where the urban distribution is relatively dense and relatively developed, and it is a relatively neutral, general and widely used term.

Appraise. There are many concepts of urban functional regions, and the connotation is not easy, but their essential connotations are not much different. From a disciplinary point of view, there is no reproach, and from the perspective of statutory planning, there may be a need for a system.

First, the process of standardization. These six urban functional regions are interconnected, and when doing urban planning, the concept is not well grasped, and there will be regional ambiguity, rough planning, so that urban and rural planning cannot be carried out scientifically, and the delineation of cities, towns, and urban population and rural population is ambiguous

Conception. Sponge city is a new generation of urban stormwater management concept, which refers to the ability of cities to adapt to environmental changes and cope with natural disasters caused by rainwater like sponges, which can also be called "water resilient cities".

The international term is "low-impact development rainwater system construction", which absorbs, stores, seeps, and purifies water when it rains, and releases and uses the stored water when needed, so that rainwater can move freely in the city.

Starting from ecosystem services, the core of sponge city is to build water ecological infrastructure through cross-scale construction and combine various specific technologies to build water ecological infrastructure.

Contents:To build a sponge city, we must first change the concept. The traditional urban construction model is full of hardened pavement.

Whenever it rains heavily, it mainly relies on "gray" facilities such as pipes and canals and pumping stations to drain water, and takes "rapid elimination" and "terminal centralization" control as the main planning and design concepts, which often causes flooding every time it rains, and drought and flood turn sharply.

According to the "Technical Guidelines for Sponge City Construction", urban construction will emphasize the priority use of "green" measures such as grass planting ditches, seepage bricks, rain gardens, and sunken green spaces to organize drainage, with "slow drainage and slow release" and "source dispersion" control as the main planning and design concepts, which not only avoids flooding, but also effectively collects rainwater.

The construction of sponge city, that is, the construction of a low-impact development rainwater system, mainly refers to the realization of the benign hydrological cycle of the city through a variety of technical approaches such as "infiltration, detention, storage, purification, use, and discharge", and improve the infiltration, storage, purification, utilization and discharge capacity of runoff rainwater, so as to maintain or restore the sponge function of the city.

Main conditions: The key to building a sponge city is to continuously improve the scale and quality of the "sponge". In the past, urban construction pursued land use and often filled lakes and ravines.

According to the Technical Guidelines for the Construction of Sponge Cities, all localities should protect the original "sponges" such as rivers and lakes, wetlands, pits and ponds and ditches from the impact of development activities to the greatest extent; The damaged "sponge" should also be gradually repaired through the comprehensive use of physical, biological and ecological means, and a certain proportion of ecological space should be maintained.

If conditions permit, a certain scale of "sponge body" should also be built. According to the Technical Guidelines for Sponge City Construction, the construction of sponge cities should be based on the construction of urban buildings, residential areas, roads, green spaces and squares. For example, urban roofs can be "greened", and "green" roofs can not only retain rainwater, but also play a role in saving energy, reducing emissions, and alleviating the heat island effect.

Roads and squares can be paved with permeable water, especially the green space in the city should be fully "sunk".

"Sponge city" refers to the use of a series of ecological, natural and low-cost measures in urban planning and construction to enhance the city's hydrological cycle capacity and reduce the impact of floods and pollutants. For example, the addition of wetlands, the construction of reservoirs and rain gardens, as well as green roofs and three-dimensional greenery. These measures can make effective use of rainwater, thereby reducing the load on the city's drainage system, reducing the impact on the natural environment, and improving the city's resilience to disasters.

Sponge city refers to the ability of a city to be like a sponge, with good "resilience" in adapting to environmental changes and responding to natural disastersWhen it rains, it absorbs, stores, seeps, purifies, and when it is needed, it "releases" the stored water and uses it.

The construction of sponge city follows the principle of ecological priority, combines natural ways with artificial measures, and maximizes the accumulation, infiltration and purification of rainwater in urban areas under the premise of ensuring the safety of urban drainage and flood prevention, so as to promote the utilization of rainwater resources and ecological environmental protection.

Based on the theory and technology of comprehensive utilization of rainwater, sponge city aims to restore the urban ecological water cycle system through artificial means, in order to solve the problem of drought and flood caused by urban water shortage, and can also achieve the effect of beautifying the city and improving the living environment of citizens.

In sponge cities, rainwater can replenish groundwater, cities, lakes, etc. through permeable ground infiltration and green space stagnation. In addition, a large amount of rainwater is collected by rainwater harvesters, waste devices, filtration devices, transmission channels and storage devices.

Sponge city construction norms

For the construction of low-impact development stormwater systems for urban buildings and residential areas, roads, green spaces and squares, and water systems, the relevant functional authorities, enterprises and institutions shall be the main body of responsibility for the implementation of the design of the low-impact development rainwater system.

The relevant departments of urban planning and construction shall strengthen the review of the construction of low-impact development stormwater systems in urban planning, construction drawing design review, construction project construction, supervision, completion acceptance and filing.

For new construction, reconstruction, and expansion projects that are suitable as the construction carrier of low-impact development rainwater systems, the design content of low-impact development stormwater systems should be clearly reflected in the design schemes of various specialties such as garden, road traffic, drainage, and architecture, and the low-impact development control objectives should be implemented.

Sponge cityThe concept and content of the new generation of urban stormwater management refers to the ability of cities to respond to environmental changes and rainwater like spongesNatural disastersIt can also be called a "water resilient city".

Under the new situation, sponge city is to promote green buildings.

construction, low-carbon city development, smart city.

The innovative expression formed is the organic combination of modern green new technology and various factors such as social Qinghui, environment and humanity under the background of the characteristics of the new era.

Introduction:

The construction of sponge city should follow the principle of ecological priority, combine natural ways with artificial measures, and maximize the accumulation, infiltration and purification of rainwater in urban areas under the premise of ensuring the safety of urban drainage and flood prevention, so as to promote the utilization of rainwater resources and ecological environmental protection.

The construction of a "sponge city" is not to tear down and replace the traditional drainage system, but to reduce the burden and supplement the traditional drainage system, and maximize the role of the city itself. In the process of sponge city construction, the systematic development of natural precipitation, surface water and groundwater should be coordinated, and the water cycle such as water supply and drainage should be coordinated.

Take advantage of each step and consider its complexity and long-term nature.