How to explain Kohlberg s three level six stage theory

Three levels and six stages. Three levels 1Level I Children at this level are sensitive to the notions of good and evil in the rules and markers of the culture, but interpret the markers in terms of the substantive consequences or rights of the behavior.

2.At this time, the individual has internalized the existing social rules, that is, he believes that the rules are correct, that he can obey the existing social order, and has an inner desire to maintain this order, and that the value of his behavior is based on the economy of abiding by the rules. 3.

Levels At this level, ethical decision-making depends on those rights, values and principles that are unanimously agreed upon by all members of an equal society. Stage 6 Stage 1: Punishment & Obedience Stage 2:

The Instrumentalist Purpose of the Individual and the TransactionStage 3: Interpersonal Expectations, Interpersonal Relationships, and Interpersonal Coordination Stage 4: Social Institutions and Conscience Preservation Stage 5:

Since 1958, when Laurence Kohlberg first explained it in his doctorate**, he continued to revise it until 1983, when he compiled all his research into three major collections, which shows the rigor of his scholarship. Although Kohlberg's research on moral development follows Piaget's method, the purpose is not to understand children's moral judgments about the rights and wrongs of behavior, as Piaget did, but to understand how children can explain the reasons for their judgments after making moral judgments about the rights and wrongs of behaviors. Theory of Stages of Moral Development - Encyclopedia.

Kohlberg's three levels of trousers and six stages are:

1.Pre-custom level: the stage of moral orientation of punishment and obedience and the stage of relative utilitarian moral orientation.

2.Custom Level: Seeking Recognition Orientation Phase and Compliance with Regulations and Order Orientation Phase.

3.Post-customary level: the stage of the social contract and the stage of moral orientation of universal principles.

KohlbergThe three-stage six-level mantra is as follows:

Formula:Punishment of pre-utilitarian customs, observance of laws and regulations, good children, and the principle of contract is finally stated.

The pre-utilitarian custom of punishment, the level of pre-custom includes the orientation stage of punishment and obedience, and is the middle shed for moral judgment based on the criterion of avoiding punishment; and the stage of relative utilitarian moral orientation, which is to make moral judgments based on whether it is in line with one's own interests.

Abide by the laws and regulations of good children, the level of customs includes the orientation stage of good children, and the moral judgment is based on seeking everyone's appreciation and recognition; and the moral orientation stage of maintaining authority, selling guesses, judging right and wrong with the concept of the legal system.

Finally, the post-customary level includes the social contract orientation stage and the principle orientation stage.

Kohlberg's three-level six-stage content meaning introduction:

1. Pre-custom level:

The morally oriented stage of punishment and obedience.

Austereistic hedonism.

or utilitarian orientation stage.

2. The level of customs.

The interpersonal harmony orientation stage, also known as the "good child".

The orientation stage of respect for authority and the maintenance of the existing order in society.

3. Post-custom level.

The orientation phase of the social contract and the law.

Ordinary moral principles and the orientation stage of conscience.

<> Kohlberg's three-level six-stage theory, the three levels are "the level of pre-customs, the level of customs, and the level of post-customs", and the six stages are "the moral orientation stage of punishment and obedience, the orientation stage of simple egoism", "the orientation stage of good children, the moral orientation stage of maintaining authority or order", and the "orientation stage of social contract and the orientation stage of universal ethical principles".

Three levels and six stages is a division of Kohlberg's moral development, he divided it into three levels, each level contains two stages, a total of six stages, so this theory is called "three levels and six stages".

1. Pre-customary level: It is characterized by self-centeredness and attention to personal interests, and children at this level of morality will judge good and bad by the direct consequences of their behavior and their own interests. It is divided into the moral orientation stage of punishment and obedience and the simple egoistic orientation stage, 2. The level of customs

It is characterized by the ability to understand social norms and believe that an individual's behavior should conform to the expectations of society and others. It is divided into the good child orientation stage and the moral orientation stage of maintaining the authority or order.

3. Post-customary level: It is characterized by the fact that the moral evaluation of the individual will be based on the universal moral code and conscience, and go beyond the standards of law and authority. It is divided into the orientation phase of the social contract and the orientation phase of universal ethical principles.

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Kohlberg's three-stage six-level mantra is to punish the pre-utilitarian customs, to obey the laws and regulations of the good child, the principle of contract is finally stated, and the relative utilitarian moral orientation stage is to pretend to be in one's own interests, and this stage of the child is obedient to receiving the rewardThe first is the pre-custom, custom, and post-customary levels, in which the "good boy" is oriented.

This level is characterized by the fact that individuals do not yet have internal moral standards, but depend on external requirements, and the benchmarks they use as moral judgments depend on the specific results of the character's actions and their interests in themselves, oriented to obeying authority and maintaining social order, then to the social contract, and finally to universal ethical principles.

Stage 1 Punishment and obedience are oriented, and individuals determine whether the behavior is good or bad based on the consequences of the behavior on themselves, regardless of the meaning and value of the consequences to the person.

Stage 2 is relatively utilitarian-oriented, and the first consideration of children in this stage is whether the norms meet their own needs, sometimes including the needs of others, and initially consider the relationship between people, but interpersonal relationships are often regarded as transactional relationships, which are good for themselves and bad for them.

Level 2 is the customary level, which is characterized by the individual's ability to act in accordance with the expectations and requirements of the family, the collective or the State, believing that this is valuable in itself, and ignoring the direct consequences of these actions.

Stage 3 is oriented towards good children, children at this stage are oriented to interpersonal harmony, believing that whether a person's behavior is correct or not mainly depends on whether he is liked by others, whether he is helpful to others or praised by others, and the moral judgment of students at this stage is measured by whether the individual's behavior is allowed or not.

The main characteristic of this level is that the individual strives to detach himself from the authority of the group or individual who holds the principle, and does not regard himself as one with such a group, but takes the moral principles and conscience of the universal balance as the basic criterion of behavior.

Stage 4 is oriented towards the obedience to authority and the maintenance of social order, in which children are aware of the general social order and emphasize obedience to the law so that the social order can be maintained.

Stage 5 is the orientation of the social contract, in which the individual begins to realize that the moral norms of law or custom are merely a social contract, agreed upon by everyone, and that the individual views the law more flexibly and can be changed by the demands of the majority.

Stage 6 is oriented to universal ethical principles, and children at this stage have some abstract concepts that go beyond certain rigid legal provisions, but when making moral judgments, they are not only subject to these more explicit legal provisions, but are guided by the values of life, taking into account both the moral norms suitable for the law and the unwritten moral norms of universal significance.

Three levels and six stages.

One and three levels

1. Level I: Children at this level are very sensitive to the notions of right and wrong in the rules of culture and the signs, but they interpret the marks in terms of the substantive results or rights of the behavior.

2. Level: At this time, the individual has internalized the current social rules, that is, he believes that the rules are correct, can obey the current social order, and has the inner desire to maintain this order, and the value of behavior is based on the economy that abides by the rules.

Phase 2 and 6

Stage 1: Punishment and obedience.

Stage 2: Personal Jane Lao Bi Instrumentalism Purpose and Trading Stage.

Stage 3: Mutual interpersonal expectations, interpersonal relationships, and interpersonal coordination stages.

Stage 4: The stage of maintaining the social system and conscience.

Stage 6: Universal Ethical Principles Stage.

Content of Moral Judgments:

The so-called right is to meet the needs of oneself or others, and to make fair transactions according to the specific exchange principle.

1) To be right is to follow the rules that will bring immediate benefits to people. All actions that can meet one's own interests and needs are right, and that is, right.

Fairness, an equal exchange, transaction, or agreement.

2) The reason for doing it right is that it can meet one's own needs while also recognizing that others have their rights.

1.Pre-custom water school early stall flat: punishment and obedience to the moral orientation stage, obedience to authority or rules only to avoid punishment. Relative utilitarian moral orientation stage, whether it is in one's own interests.

2.Custom level: Seeking recognition orientation stage, also known as the "good child" orientation stage, is in line with everyone's opinions, seeking everyone's appreciation and recognition. In the stage of moral orientation to maintain authority or order, we should keep our eyes open, respect the authority of the law, and act in accordance with authority and relevant norms.

3.Post-customary level: In the social contract orientation stage, the provisions of the contract and the law are not absolute and can be changed at the request of the majority of people. The stage of moral orientation of the universal original disorder, the basis of morality is to maintain the unanimity of social order.

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