Ask for the origin of various surnames

The origin of the surname is as follows:

There were surnames as early as the primitive clan period. The surname originated from the female line, and the clan originated from the male line. "The surname is the bloodline, the name is the official, the place of residence, and the occupation", and now the surname is only used to indicate the family.

The explanation of the surname in the "Shuowen" is: "born of a person", "the surname is born from a woman, from the birth." Therefore, the oldest surnames, Ji, Jiang, and Yao, are all associated with women.

In matrilineal societies, descendants of the same matrilineal line cannot intermarry, and in order to distinguish different marriage groups, surnames are given. Some of these major surnames are more than four thousand years old. With the continuous appearance of the same surname, in order to distinguish the status and origin of the family, the clan was produced, and the earliest clear record of the surname was from the Zhou Dynasty.

The original meaning of the clan is "branch" and "ambiguity", which is intended to distinguish the origin of the descendants, and the same surname can be divided into many different clans. With the continuous generation and increase of "branches" and "differences", there are also more surnames, and some are surnames based on ancestral family names or temple numbers, country names or place names, official positions, animals and plants, numbers, directions, etc.; There are those who have titles, country titles, official positions, places of residence, fiefdoms, occupations, etc.

In ancient times, Emperor Yao's family name was Tang, and his descendants took Tang as their surname; Surnames such as Qi, Lu, Qin, and Jin are also ancient country names; Many of the descendants of King Wen of Zhou and King Wu of Zhou used Kongkuan's nicknames "Wen" and "Wu" as their surnames; Dongguo, South Gate, Nangong, etc. are not only based on the name of the place but also the surname of the direction;

Animals and plants with numbers as their surnames include cows, horses, sheep, dragons, bears, willows, poplars, flowers, plums, thousands, hundreds, and thousands; Those with official positions, titles, and titles include Situ, Shuai, Captain, Wang, Gong, Marquis, etc.; The fiefdom is the clan's Qu, Jie, Shang, etc.;

There are pottery, witches, slaughter, divination, etc. Many "surnames" and "clans" have the same origin, so in addition to people's social relations shifting from matrilineal to patrilineal, the homology of "surname Fengmao" and "clan" is also an important reason for the two to be called together.

1. The origin of surnames can be traced back to the matriarchal clan system of primitive human society, so many of the earliest surnames in China are next to or bottom of female characters, such as the surname Yao. A surname is used as a specific symbol to distinguish a clan, such as the name of a tribe or the name of a tribal leader.

2. Legend has it that the Yellow Emperor lived on the shore of Ji Water and took Ji as his surname; Emperor Yan lives next to Jiang Shui and takes Jiang as his surname. Huangtian took Dayu's merit in controlling the water, and gave him the surname as his wife. In addition, the son of a tribal leader may also receive a surname.

The Yellow Emperor had twenty-five sons, and fourteen people were surnamed, including Ji, You, Qi, Ji, Teng, Ren, Xun, Hui, Xi, Yao, Yi, and Yi, of which four belonged to two surnames.

3. After Zhu Rong, he was known as Zhu Rong's eight surnames, including himself, Dong, Peng, Bald, Fei, Cao, Xu, and Mi.