1993 Nobel Prize in Chemistry K. B Mullis s biography

Mullis was born in North Carolina in December 1944.

In 1972, Mullis received his Ph.D. in biochemistry from the University of California, Berkeley, where his research focused on how to synthesize proteins and study their structure. After two years as a postdoctoral fellow, Mullis then moved to work at Cetus, a biotechnology company. Mullis worked as a DNA chemist at Cetus for 7 years.

In 1983, Mullis invented the PCR technique.

In 1993, Mullis and Michael Smith shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for their invention of PCR technology, and in the same year, they also won the Japan International Prize. After winning the Nobel Prize, Mullis said he thought about the breakthrough while driving from Berkeley to Mendocino, where he "solved the most problematic problem in DNA chemistry in a flash of light" on a dark road.

In 1998, Mullis also wrote a humorous autobiography, Dancing Naked in the Mind Field, in which he questioned the HIV virus as causing AIDS, arguing that there was no scientific basis for it, and publicly expressed his support for astrology. These remarks by Mullis have also sparked a lot of controversy.

On August 7, 2019, Mullis died of pneumonia at the age of 74.

In 1993, Mullis invented polymerase chain reaction technology in the United States.

Smith Canada invents the site-directed mutagenesis technique for oligonucleotides.

Kary Mullis was an American chemist. Born in 1944 in La Jolla, California, USA. Mullis invented the polymerase chaem reaction (PCR) in 1985.

This is a technique for amplifying deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that amplifies the target DNA by 106-107 times in two hours.

He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1993 at the age of 49 for his outstanding contribution to the development of biology due to the invention of the above-mentioned new biological research methods. Also receiving the award in the same year was Smith. At this time, Mullis was the chairman of a company in California, USA.

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Mullis, born in 1944, is an American.

He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1993 for his invention of the "polymerase chain reaction" method.

Mullis was born in 1944 in the United States. After graduating from Georgia Tech University, he received his Ph.D. from the University of California, Berkeley. In 1979, he became a researcher at Setos.

In 1993, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the development of the polymerase chain reaction method at the age of 49. Also receiving the award in the same year was Smith. At this time, Mullis was the chairman of a company in California, USA.

Since 1988, he has consulted various organizations as a private consultant in nucleic acid chemistry and has set up his own company, serving as Deputy Manager and President.

Name: Kerry Mullis;

Year of birth: 1944;

Title: American biochemist;

Country: USA;

Personal information: Born in the United States in 1944. After graduating from Georgia University of Science and Technology, he received his Ph.D. from the University of California, Berkeley.

In 1979, he became a researcher at Setos. Since 1988, he has consulted various organizations as a private consultant in nucleic acid chemistry, and at the same time set up his own company, serving as deputy manager and chairman. In 1993, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the development of the polymerase chain reaction method (simple DNA amplification method).

2001, William Standish Knowles (USA) and Ryoji Noyori (Japan): "Research on Chiral Catalytic Hydrogenation Reactions"; The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences announced on 10 October 2001 that it would be awarded the 2001 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.

Half of the prize money went to the American scientist William. Knowles and Japanese scientist Ryoji Noyori for their contributions to the field of "chiral catalytic hydrogenation"; The other half of the prize was awarded to American scientist Barry Sharpless for his work on "chiral catalytic oxidation reactions."

achievements in the field. William Knowles' contribution was that he discovered the use of transition metals.

to hydrogenate chiral molecules to obtain a final product with the desired mirror morphology. His research was quickly translated into industrial products such as Parkinson's.

The drug L-DOPA was made based on the results of Knowles' research. Noyori's contribution was to further refine the process of chiral catalysts for hydrogenation reactions. Barry Sharpless's achievement was the development of chiral catalysts for oxidation reactions.

The 2019 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to American scientist John Goodenough, British-American scientist Stanley Whittingham and Japanese scientist Akira Yoshino for their outstanding contributions to the field of lithium-ion batteries, and the three will share the prize of 9 million kronor (about 6.5 million yuan).

The lithium battery developed by three scientists has started the process of portability of electronic devices. Since they first entered the market in 1991, lithium batteries have revolutionized our lives. It can store large amounts of clean energy such as solar and wind power, making a fossil fuel-free society possible.

John Goodenough is an American solid-state physicist and an important scholar in the secondary battery industry. He is currently a Professor of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science at the University of Texas at Austin.

Stanley Whittingham is Professor of Chemistry at the State University of New York at Binghamton;

Akira Yoshino is a Japanese chemist, a researcher at Asahi Kasei and a professor at Meijo University. At 97 years old, Goodenough became the oldest Nobel laureate ever. It broke the age record of Arthur Ashkin, who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2018 at the age of 96.

He first studied literature and mathematics at Yale University in the United States, and chemistry was only an elective in his freshman year, but Goodenough later achieved brilliant results in the field of lithium batteries, and was described as a scientist who was "born for lithium batteries". For many years, he traveled to the laboratory almost every day to work on topics related to lithium batteries, and he has not retired to this day.

Retrospectively, in the 70s of the last century, the world oil crisis became a concern for the academic community. Whittingham, one of this year's winners, has been working since then to develop a fossil-free approach to energy technology. He and Goodenough were nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2015 by Thomson Reuters for their pioneering research in the field of lithium batteries.

Akira Yoshino, who has been researching lithium batteries since 1981, said in an interview: "The original motivation for my research was my curiosity, which drove me forward. ”

The above three people are known as the "father of lithium batteries". Over the years, lithium batteries have been "optimistic" by various Nobel Prizes, and today's expectations have finally returned.

In 1906 he was Henri Moissan, a Frenchman (1852-1907) and in 1907 Edward Büchner, a German (1860-1917).

He is a Chinese chemist, an academician of the American Academy of Sciences, an academician of the School of Medicine, a professor of chemistry and pharmacology at the University of California, San Diego, and a cousin of Qian Xuesen, a famous Chinese scientist.

Qian Yongjian and Harvard University's Lieber, who are expected to win the 2008 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, revolutionized cell biology and neurobiology with his invention of multichromatic luminescent protein labeling.

1985 JCarl, Hauptman (American).