Who invented the abacus Who invented the abacus

Xu Yue (?220) word Gong River. He was a famous mathematician and astronomer in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and the world's first "abacus" proposer and "abacus" recorder.

A native of Donglai (now Laizhou City). During the reign of Emperor Ling of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the famous astronomer Liu Hong created the "Dry Elephant Calendar" and "personally taught it the law" to Xu Yue. Xu Yue devoted himself to the study of the calendars such as obscurity, Shuo, strings, hope, and the eclipse of the sun and the moon, and further improved the "dry elephant calendar", and later taught the calendar to Kan Ze, the secretary of Wu Guozhong, so that the calendar could be implemented in Wu State.

The study of the calendar laid a solid foundation for Xu Yue's future research in arithmetic. He collected a large number of mathematical materials since the pre-Qin period, and wrote mathematical works such as "Records of Mathematics" and "The Need for Arithmetic". The Records of Mathematics records in detail the essence of his arithmetic Q&A with Liu Hong, and introduces 14 calculation methods.

For the first time, the style of the abacus was recorded, and for the first time, it was named "abacus". Emperor Yankang of the Han Dynasty died of illness in the first year (220).

It is generally believed that the Chinese invented the abacus around 1200 AD, but there is also an international view that the abacus was invented in Babylon around 2400 BC.

The Chinese abacus was transmitted to Japan in the Song Dynasty, and after the transformation of the Japanese, it formed a Japanese-style abacus that was different from China, with one bead on the top and four beads on the bottom, and the shape of the beads was oblate, which was suitable for high-speed operation. Nowadays, the Japanese abacus is popular in the world.

The abacus was invented by Lishou, who was a person from the time of the Yellow Emperor.

Inventor of abacus: Liu Hong.

Liu Hong, whose name is Yuan Zhuo, was born in Mengyin County, Taishan County, Eastern Han Dynasty (now Mengyin County, Linyi City, Shandong Province), and a descendant of Liu Xing, King of Lu in the Eastern Han Dynasty.

The inventor of the abacus is Liu Hong. Liu Hong (about 129 210 A.D.), the character Yuan Zhuo, a native of Mengyin County, Taishan County, Eastern Han Dynasty (now Mengyin County, Linyi City, Shandong Province), a descendant of Liu Xing, King of Lu in the Eastern Han Dynasty, was an outstanding astronomer and mathematician in ancient China, the inventor of abacus and the discoverer of the theory of inhomogeneity of lunar motion.

Liu Hong has been intelligent and studious since childhood, well-read in the six arts, and is knowledgeable, especially good at astronomy and calendarWhen he was young, he stepped into the official career and was recruited to the capital Luoyang by the Taishi Order, and was awarded Langzhong, and later moved to Changshan Changshi.

Liu Hong's book "Dry Elephant Calendar" is the first calendar handed down by mankind to introduce the theory of uneven motion of the moon. The length of the return year of the eclipse is set as the sun, and for the first time, the intersection angle of the white and ecliptic is given at about 6°1 of ancient degrees. The length of the perigee month measured is days, which is very different from the current measured days.

In 190 A.D., he successfully invented the "positive and negative number abacus", so he was respected by later generations as the early founder of the "abacus" and the father of the abacus.

The abacus was invented by Xu Yue in the 15th century.

As early as the 15th century, Xu Yue invented the abacus. The abacus, also known as the Abacus, is a simple calculation tool invented and created by the working people of the Han nationality. China is the hometown of the abacus, and today, when computers have been widely used, the ancient abacus has not only not been abandoned, but has been in the ascendant in many countries because of its convenience and accuracy.

The abacus was invented by the Chinese on the basis of long-term use of arithmetic chips. In ancient times, people used small wooden sticks to make calculations, and these small wooden sticks were called"Calculate the chips", calculations performed with a chip as a tool are called"Calculation"。Later, with the development of production, the use of small wooden sticks for calculations was limited, so people invented a more advanced calculator - the abacus.

The abacus is rectangular, surrounded by a wooden frame, in which are fixed a small wooden stick, the small wooden stick is wearing wooden beads, a beam in the middle and the abacus is divided into two parts, the upper half of each wooden stick has two beads, each bead is five, the lower half has five beads, each bead represents one.

The origin of the abacus.

As for the origin of the abacus, it can be traced back to 600 B.C., and it is said that there was one in China at that time"Abacus"。The ancients strung 10 abacus beads into a group, arranged them in groups, put them into the frame, and then quickly dialed the abacus beads to calculate. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Xu Yue recorded in the "Records of Mathematics" that when his teacher Liu Hong visited the hermit Mr. Tianmu, Mr. Tianmu explained 14 calculation methods, one of which was the abacus, and the calculation tools used were very close to the modern abacus.

Each of these abacus has 5 movable beads, with the top 1 being equal to 5 and the bottom 4 being treated as 1 each.

With the use of abacus, people have summed up many calculation formulas, making the speed of calculation faster. This method of calculating with an abacus is called abacus. In the Ming Dynasty, abacus could not only do addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, but also calculate the land area and the size of various shapes and things.

Because the abacus is simple to make, cheap, easy to memorize, and simple to calculate, it is widely used in China and has spread to Japan, North Korea, the United States and Southeast Asia and other countries and regions.

Now, it has entered the era of electronic computers, but the ancient abacus still plays an important role. In China, there are a number of prudent masters in all walks of life. The use of abacus and abacus, in addition to the convenience of calculation, also has the effect of exercising thinking ability, because the planning disk requires the close cooperation of the brain, eyes and hands, which is a good way to exercise the brain.