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Anonymous users2024-02-05Layer 1: Physical layer.
To solve the problem of how to communicate between two pieces of hardware, common physical media include optical fiber, cable, repeater, etc. It mainly defines the standards of physical equipment, such as the interface type of network cable, the interface type of optical fiber, and the transmission speed and elimination rate of various transmission media.
Layer 2: Data link layer.
The data link layer receives packets, packets, from the network layer.
Contains the IP addresses of the sender and receiver. The data link layer performs two basic functions. It allows the upper layer to access the media using various techniques such as framing, controlling how data from the medium is placed and received.
Layer 3: Network layer.
The transport layer passes data segments to the network layer. The network layer is used to transfer the received data segments from one computer to another computer located in a different network. The unit of data at the network layer is called a packet, and the functions of the network layer are logical addressing, routing, and path determination.
Layer 4: Transport layer.
The main task of the lower three layers of OSI is data communication, the task of the upper three layers is data processing, and the transmission layer is the fourth layer, so this layer is the interface and bridge between the communication subnet and the resource subnet, and plays the role of connecting the upper and lower layers.
Layer 5: Session layer.
It is the interface between the user application and the network, and its main task is to organize and coordinate the communication between the two session processes and to manage the data exchange.
Sixth layer: represents the layer.
The presentation layer refers to the data received from the application layer, which is in the form of characters and numbers, and the presentation layer converts this data into binary formats that can be understood by machine bridges, that is, encapsulating and formatting data, such as converting ASCII code into other encodings, a function called "translation".
Layer 7: Application layer.
It is the highest layer of the OSI reference model, which enables the interface between computer users and various applications and networks, which are used by network applications, such as HTTPS protocol, HTTP protocol, and the application layer provides services to the network through the protocol and performs user activities.
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Anonymous users2024-02-041. All physical layers: standardize the voltage and provide electrical interfaces.
Data link layer: error checking, flow control, and link management.
Network layer: addressing, routing.
Transport layer: Establish end-to-end connectivity.
Session layer: establishes, manages, and maintains sessions.
Presentation layer: Converts data formats and encrypts data.
Application layer: provides a variety of application programming interfaces.
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Anonymous users2024-02-03Each layer has a connection and makes up seven layers.
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