Translation of the Rhine in Europe, translation of the Grand Canal in China 10

The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, from Tongzhou in the north to Hangzhou in the south, with a total length of 1,794 kilometers, is the only long river in China that runs north-south, and is also the longest artificial canal in the world, it is 16 times the Suez Canal, 33 times the Panama Canal, it is the same as the Great Wall, and is regarded as the two most important engineering miracles in ancient China.

The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal began in the Spring and Autumn Period, completed in the Sui Dynasty, prospered in the Tang and Song dynasties, straightened in the Yuan Dynasty, and dredged in the Ming and Qing dynasties. The Grand Canal connects the Haihe River in the north, the Qiantang River in the south, passes through Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shandong, Jiangsu, and Zhejiang six provinces and cities, and communicates the five major water systems of the Haihe River, the Yellow River, the Huai River, the Yangtze River, and the Qiantang River, forming a unified water transportation network, and becoming an important north-south water trunk line in China. The Grand Canal runs through the North China Plain, the Huaihai Plain and the Hangjiahu Plain, forming the richest agricultural area in China along its routes, and a large number of prosperous towns have risen along the route and near the branch network.

As the most important north-south transport channel in history, in the long years of more than 2,000 years, the banks of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal have left countless cultural relics that will make future generations sigh. Some scholars describe it this way: the ancient piers, ancient temples, ancient towers, ancient bridges, old streets, old shops, old factories, old kilns and the prosperous scenes of the markets along the canal, as well as the living customs of the citizens, are like the long picture scroll of "Qingming Riverside Map" displayed in front of people.

At present, the navigable mileage of the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal is 1,442 kilometers, of which 877 kilometers are navigable throughout the year, mainly distributed in Shandong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces south of the Yellow River.

The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is about 1,794 kilometers

The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal was built in the Spring and Autumn Period, is the world's longest mileage, the largest project of the ancient canal, but also one of the oldest canals, and the Great Wall, Karez and known as the three great projects of ancient China, and the use of today, is a great project created by the ancient Chinese working people, is one of the symbols of China's cultural status. The Grand Canal starts from Yuhang (now Hangzhou) in the south, reaches Zhuojun (now Beijing) in the north, passes through the four provinces of Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shandong, Hebei and Tianjin and Beijing, and runs through the five major water systems of Haihe, Yellow River, Huai River, Yangtze River and Qiantang River, the main water source is Weishan Lake, and the canal has played a huge role in the economic and cultural development and exchanges between the north and south of China, especially the development of industrial and agricultural economy along the route.

The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is a great project created by the ancient working people of China, a precious material and spiritual wealth left to us by our ancestors, and an important human heritage that is alive and mobile. The Grand Canal began in the Spring and Autumn Period, formed in the Sui Dynasty, developed in the Tang and Song Dynasties, the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal was built in the Spring and Autumn Period more than 2,000 years ago, and has a history of 2,500 years, and Qin Shi Huang (Ying Zheng) dug an important river in Jiaxing, which also laid the direction of the Jiangnan Canal in the future. According to the record of the "Book of Yuejue", Qin Shi Huang "governed the waterway of the tomb from Jiaxing, went to Qiantang and crossed the land, and passed through Zhejiang".

About 2,500 years ago, Wu Wangfu dug a ditch, opened a canal connecting the Yangtze River and the Huai River, and built Hancheng, from which the canal and canal culture were derived.

The Grand Canal we call today was excavated in the Spring and Autumn Period, completed in the Sui Dynasty, prospered in the Tang and Song dynasties, took the Yuan Dynasty, and dredged in the Ming and Qing dynasties (from 486 BC to 1293 AD when the whole line was opened), and lasted for a total of 1779 years. In the long years, it mainly underwent three major construction processes. In the Sui Dynasty, Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty mobilized millions of people to dig through the Grand Canal, which made a great contribution to the unprecedented economic and cultural prosperity of the country in the future), the Sui Dynasty began to run through the whole line, through the development of the Tang and Song dynasties, and finally became the five major water systems of the Haihe River, the Yellow River, the Huai River, the Yangtze River and the Qiantang River in the Yuan Dynasty, and the traffic artery that runs through the north and south.

Artificial Tianhe.

The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is the second "best waterway" in China after the Yangtze River. The value of the Great Wall is comparable to that of the earliest and longest man-made river in the world, 16 times that of the Suez Canal and 33 times that of the Panama Canal.

The Beijing-Hangzhou Canal has always been the main route of transportation in the past dynasties, and has played a major role in the economic and cultural exchanges between the north and the south. In the nineteenth century, maritime transportation arose, and later with the opening of the Tianjin-Pudong Railway, the role of the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal gradually decreased. After the migration of the Yellow River, the water source of the river section in Shandong was insufficient, the river channel was shallow, and the navigation from north to south was cut off, and the silt was flattened.

A section of Jiangsu Province, where the water volume is large and the navigation conditions are better, can only pass small wooden sailing boats. The desertion and depression of the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal is a portrayal of China's semi-colonial and semi-feudal system. After the liberation, some sections of the river have been widened and deepened, bends and straightened, and many modern wharves and locks have been built, and the shipping conditions have been improved.

The seasonal navigable mileage has reached more than 1,100 kilometers. More than 660 kilometers of waterway south of Pixian County, Jiangsu, a fleet of 500 tons can be unimpeded. The ancient Beijing-Hangzhou Canal will also become a water transmission channel for the South-to-North Water Diversion Project in the future.

It accelerated the fall of the Sui Dynasty and laid the foundation for the prosperity of the Tang Dynasty.

It has maintained the economic balance between the north and south of China.

Is it the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal?

The Beijing-Hangzhou Canal flows from north to south through the two cities of Beijing and Tianjin and the four provinces of Hebei, Shandong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang, and runs through China's five major water systems - the Haihe River, the Yellow River, the Huai River, the Yangtze River, the Qiantang River and a series of lakes. From the North China Plain to the Yangtze River Delta, the terrain is flat, the rivers and lakes are intertwined, and the fertile fields are thousands of miles, which is the main grain, cotton, oil, sericulture and hemp production areas in China since ancient times. It is densely populated, with a high degree of agricultural intensification and great production potential. The cities and towns are densely populated, and they are a place where the best of China gathers.

The Beijing-Hangzhou Canal is the main artery connecting the north and the south, and has made great contributions to the circulation of goods and economic and cultural exchanges between the north and the south.

Because the rainy season in China is approaching from south to north, and the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal connects several major water systems, different waters can circulate with each other, which has a certain regulating effect on the drought and flood conditions between the north and the south.

1.The opening of the canal has become the main artery of north-south transportation and promoted economic and cultural exchanges between the north and the south, which still plays a role today.

2.The opening of the canal promoted the development of cities on both sides of the canal, and cities such as Jiangdu, Yuhang, and Zhuojun soon prospered.

3.The opening of the canal has also played a role in promoting the maintenance of national unity and centralization.

Impact on the ecological environment: The Grand Canal of the Sui Dynasty connected several major water systems, and different water areas could communicate with each other, which could reduce the drought and flood disasters between the north and the south.

It has made a great contribution to China's river transport.

Haha, there is no doubt that to get rich first build roads, waterways carry a large capacity, for ancient times is the best choice for transportation, in addition, the construction of the canal will affect the surrounding ecology, the surrounding air humidity is inevitable, the rainfall will also be slightly affected, conducive to the growth of vegetation around the canal, air quality will also improve.

The excavation of the Grand Canal will not only be navigable, but also combine water conservancy transformation and development to promote the advantages and eliminate the disadvantages and protect the ecology without causing adverse effects. Moreover, in some areas, especially in southern Jiangsu, relying on the canal, the splendid Jiangnan has been formed.

For more than 1,000 years, the Grand Canal has proved to be a success.

In water conservancy projects, the ancients advocated the unity of heaven and man, the unity of heaven and water, and did not go against the laws of nature, which is worthy of learning from today's people.

For a giant heritage such as the Grand Canal, which is cross-regional, cross-generational, deprecated and rich in shape, we need to analyze and determine the nature of various cultural heritage sites with extensive reference to their characteristics. In the following, we select the existing World Cultural Heritage canals and several related types of cultural heritage definitions and characteristics for comparative analysis.

Comparison of relevant types of international and Chinese heritage.

The declaration type of the Canal du Midi in France, a World Heritage Site, is a group of buildings, and the Canal du Midi can also be classified as a cultural landscape, but the submitting country has not declared it according to the category of cultural landscape. The type of the Rideau Canal in Canada is a site. The Midi Canal was built to shorten the shipping distance between the Atlantic and the Mediterranean, and it is still in use and still serves as a navigable function.

The Rideau Canal was originally built by the British for the purpose of military defense of the American independence movement, and never played its original role after construction, and the navigable function was also abandoned with the rise of other modes of transportation, and it was only after the rise of leisure fever in the 70s of the last century that it began to be reused for tourism and leisure purposes, so it was declared a world heritage site according to the site category.

The situation of China's Grand Canal is more complicated, it includes not only the structures and buildings that are still in use and functioning, but also the relics and relics that have been abandoned and buried in the development process of the canal, including the main engineering relics, and the formation of unique political, cultural, economic, landscape regional characteristics. The Grand Canal is a composite heritage, and a simple type of heritage site or complex is not enough to summarize its rich connotation.

The canals on the existing World Heritage List are examples of hydraulic engineering during the Industrial Revolution.

The difference between the Grand Canal of China and the two World Heritage canals mentioned above is that it represents the level of engineering technology at different historical stages. Although the two foreign canals are of different types when declared World Heritage sites, there are similarities. Both canals were built between the 17th and 19th centuries.

Thanks to revolutionary breakthroughs in engineering mechanics and building materials, it was possible to build large locks and dams. The use of locks and reservoirs has shortened the canal's waterway route. These two canals are undoubtedly great projects left over from the Industrial Revolution.

The Beijing-Hangzhou Canal was built in the Sui Dynasty and used millions of laborers, making it the earliest and longest canal in the world! It played an extremely important role in the development of the economy and is still in use today, and its purpose was the waterway built by Emperor Yang of Sui to the south. First of all, the Grand Canal was built by the order of Emperor Yang of Sui Dynasty of the Sui Dynasty, which is the crystallization of the sweat and history of the Chinese people, and for a long time after its construction, it has played a great role in promoting the culture of the north and south of China, and has played an extremely important role in the formation of Chinese culture with a variety of cultural elements, especially for the southward shift of China's economic center of gravity, which has an indelible impact on the development of Chinese history The Grand Canal is the longest canal in the ancient world, and its excavation has promoted the exchanges between the north and the south of China. The impact is far-reaching.

The Grand Canal is a masterpiece of human use of nature for the benefit of mankind, and is the common wealth of mankind.

Since it is a canal, there must be human participation in the transformation of nature and the construction of excavation.

China's canals include not only the structures and buildings that are still in use and functioning, but also the relics and relics preserved in the development of canals that have been abandoned and buried, including the main engineering relics, and the formation of unique political, cultural, economic, and landscape regional characteristics.

When someone is artificially involved in the alteration of the geographical structure, it is natural that the application for natural heritage cannot be made. As an important way of water transportation, the canal has added a lot of artificial ideological factors.

Therefore, it is declared as a cultural heritage.

At first glance, it's a cultural heritage, do you still need to ask?