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Anonymous users2024-02-06After more than a century of development, microbiology has divided into a large number of sub-disciplines, according to incomplete statistics (1990), it has reached as many as 181. According to its nature, it can be simply summarized into the following 6 categories:
According to the purpose of studying the basic life activities of microorganisms, the general discipline is called general microbiology, such as microbial taxonomy, microbial physiology, microbial genetics, microbial ecology and molecular microbiology.
According to the microbial objects studied, such as bacteriology, mycology (mycology), virology, prokaryotic biology, autotrophic biology and anaerobic bacteria biology, etc.
According to the ecological environment in which microorganisms are located, they are classified into soil microbiology, microecology, marine microbiology, environmental microbiology, water microbiology and cosmic microbiology.
According to the application field of microorganisms, the general discipline is called applied microbiology, such as industrial microbiology, agricultural microbiology, medical microbiology, medicinal microbiology, diagnostic microbiology, antibiotics, food microbiology, etc.
According to the intersection and integration of disciplines, such as chemical microbiology, analytical microbiology, microbial bioengineering, microbial chemical taxonomy, microbial numerical taxonomy, microbial geochemistry and microbial informatics, etc.
According to experimental methods and techniques, such as experimental microbiology, microbial research methods, etc.
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Anonymous users2024-02-05Microbiology: One of the sub-disciplines of biology.
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Anonymous users2024-02-04Microorganisms are a collective term for all tiny organisms that are difficult for an individual to observe with the naked eye. Microorganisms include bacteria, viruses, fungi, and a few algae. Viruses are a class of "non-cellular organisms" composed of a few components such as nucleic acids and proteins, but their survival must depend on living cells.
According to the different environments present, it is divided into space microorganisms, marine microorganisms, etc., and according to the classification of cellular institutions, it is divided into prokaryotic microorganisms and eukaryotic microorganisms.
Microorganisms include: bacteria, viruses, fungi and some small protists, microscopic algae, etc., a large group of organisms, which are small and closely related to humans. It covers many kinds of beneficial and harmful, and is widely involved in food, medicine, industry and agriculture, environmental protection and many other fields.
In textbooks in Chinese mainland, microorganisms are divided into the following 8 categories: bacteria, viruses, fungi, actinomycetes, rickettsia, mycoplasma, chlamydia, and spirochetes. Some microorganisms are visible to the naked eye, such as mushrooms, reishi, etc., which belong to fungi.
There are also microorganisms that are composed of a few components such as nucleic acids and proteins, but they must depend on living cells for their survival.
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Anonymous users2024-02-031. The main tasks of microbiology:
1. The role in the material cycle in nature.
2. Air and water purification and sewage treatment.
3. Industrial and agricultural production: bacteria, metabolites, metabolic activity.
4. Contribution to life sciences.
2. Sub-disciplines of microbiology:
1) According to the purpose of studying the basic life activities of microorganisms, it is divided into general disciplines called general microbiology, such as microbial taxonomy, microbial physiology, microbial genetics, microbial ecology and molecular microbiology.
2) According to the microbiological research object, such as bacteriology, mycology (mycology), virology, prokaryotic, autotrophic biology and anaerobic biology.
3) According to the ecological environment of microorganisms, such as soil microbiology, microecology, marine microbiology, environmental microbiology, water microbiology and cosmic microbiology.
4) According to the application field of microorganisms, it can be divided into industrial microbiology, agricultural microbiology, medical microbiology, medical microbiology, diagnostic microbiology, antibiotics, food microbiology and other general disciplines, called applied microbiology.
5) Based on the cross-integration of chemical microbiology, analytical microbiology, microbial bioengineering, microbial chemical taxonomy, microbial numerical taxonomy, microbial geochemistry and microbial informatics.
6) According to experimental methods and techniques, such as experimental microbiology, microbial research methods, etc.
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Anonymous users2024-02-02Microorganisms are mainly divided into the following categories:
1. Prokaryotic microorganisms.
1. Bacteria
2. Archaea
2. Eukaryotic microorganisms.
1. Mayama is doing fungi
2. Protozoa (protozoan).
3. Algae
3. Cell-free organisms.
1. Virus
2. Virusoid
3. Viroid
4. Prions (also known as prions, proteinic infectious particles, prion) <>
bacteria, fungi, etc., but also viruses.
Pasteur: There is a junior high school book.
The Human Microbiome Project is an extension of the Human Genome Project, which focuses on the relationship between changes in the structure of the microbial flora in the human body (surface) and human health through metagenomic methods.
Microorganisms are widely distributed, although they have a certain positive effect on human production and life, but they also often corrode industrial equipment, make food and raw materials spoil and deteriorate, and even use food as a medium to cause human poisoning, disease, cancer and death. One of the most important effects of microbes on humans is to cause epidemics of infectious diseases. Viruses account for 50% of human diseases. >>>More
The ** of single and double is not the same, and the ** of vertical flow and horizontal flow are not the same.