What is the name of the way used to keep time in ancient China?

There are years, months, days, and hours, that is, the calendar. There are mainly methods such as the heavenly and terrestrial branches, 12 hours, 24 solar terms, 12 zodiac signs and five elements gossip.

The reference is as follows: In the ancient Chinese calendar, A, B, C, D, E, G, G, XIN, NON, and DE are called the "Ten Heavenly Stems", and Zi, Chou, Yin, Mao, Chen, Si, Wu, Wei, Shen, You, Xu, and Hai are called the "Twelve Earthly Branches". The two cooperate with each other in a fixed order to form the Ganzhi Discipline Law.

Judging from the oracle bone inscriptions unearthed in Yinxu, the sexagenary branch was mainly used in ancient China for the day, and it was also used for the month, the year, and the time.

Scale leakage is a special type of leakage, which is used to measure time by weighing the change in the weight of the water flowing into the receiving kettle. Invented in the fifth century by the Taoist Li Lan of the Northern Wei Dynasty, it may have been used for alchemy timekeeping, and it was a civilian timer. Because of its simple production and sensitive timing, it quickly spread.

Due to the leakage of the scale, the water cabinet, the thirsty bird, the copper basin, and the white rabbit form a stable water supply system, and improving the sensitivity of the Chinese scale can obtain a more accurate time. According to the "Book of Sui and Astronomical Chronicles", in the early years of the great cause of the Sui Dynasty, Emperor Yang ordered Geng Xun and Yu Wenkai"According to the Taoist Li Lan of the Later Wei Dynasty, the Taoist weighed the leakage and made the leak device to fill the line.

Since then, the improved scale leak has become a royal timekeeper and has been adopted by the Sitian mechanism. From the Sui and Tang dynasties to the Northern Song Dynasty, it has been the main astronomical timekeeper.

The sexagenary branch is to keep the year, and the time is to use an hourglass or water drain.

The sexagenary branch is a cycle of 60 years. The hour can too!

Note: Please don't ask, I don't understand it very well, just "the sexagenary branch"!

The ancient notation of time was: chronologyTwelve earthly branches

The chronology of a day: the sunrise is called dan, morning, morning, and morning, and the sunrise is called sunset, evening, twilight, and dusk. When the sun is in the middle of the day, it is called the middle of the day, the middle of the day is called the corner, the sun is called the sunset in the west, and the sun sets is called the sunset.

The ancients had two meals a day, and the morning eclipse was after sunrise and before the corner, which was called the eclipse time; The eclipse is after the sunset and before the sunset, and this period of time is called the sunset. The above method of dividing the time period was generally used in the Zhou Dynasty. Roll is Zen.

After the beginning of the Han Dynasty, the twelve earthly branches began to be used as the twelve hours.

Each hour is exactly equal to the modern two hours (hour, meaning hour). In modern times, each hour is subdivided into the beginning and the positive, which is equivalent to dividing the day and night into twenty-four equal parts.

Solar terms. The ancient times of our country's great dust.

It is through the observation of time to guide agricultural production. The ancients divided the 24 days of the week near the ecliptic, and according to the 24 different apparent positions of the sun on the ecliptic, they are actually the 24 different positions of the earth in the orbit around the sun.

The year is divided into 24 sections, including 12 "solar terms" such as the beginning of spring and stunning, and 12 "middle" terms such as rain and spring equinox, collectively referred to as "24 solar terms", to reflect the four seasons, temperature, rainfall, and phenology.

and other changes. The division of the 24 solar terms originated in the Yellow River Basin in China.

The ancients first discovered the dichotomy and the bifurcation.

Ancient memorization methods include deed, beads, xunwood, knotted ropes, etc. Limb noise 1, deed: also known as carving, is to carve some sawtooth on bamboo and wooden strips to count.

2. Beading: The shells are large and small, and have various colors, to record history or inter-tribal agreements. 3. Xunmu:

It is to engrave various symbols on wooden sticks to convey information or as proof of the identity of the messenger. <

1. Deed carving: also known as engraving deed, it is to carve some serrations on bamboo and wood strips to keep counting.

2. Beads: The shells of the spine attendants are large and small, and have various colors to record history or inter-tribal agreements.

3. Xunmu: It is to engrave various symbols on the wooden sticks to transmit information or as proof of the identity of the messenger.

4. Knotted rope: In the records of knotted ropes in ancient classics in China, "knotting ropes is about appointments, big things, big knots; Small things, small knots. ”

The ancient tool for measuring time was the sundial.

The sundial is an ancient tool that uses the shadow of the sun to measure time, and it is composed of a sundial needle and a sundial surface. The sundial has been used by humans for thousands of years, and is one of the important inventions in the field of astronomical timekeeping.

Sundial instrument, also known as sundial, is an instrument for observing the time of the sun's shadow, mainly according to the position of the sun's shadow, to specify the hour or tick at that time, and is a more commonly used timekeeping instrument in ancient China. However, there are few records in historical books, and the earliest record in the historical materials is "Hanshu."

The section of "Chronicles of the Law and the Han Calendar": Taishi Ling Sima Qian suggested that "it is to determine the reputation of the east and west, the main sundial, and the next inscription misses the Lu jujube, and the "Hanshu Art and Literature Chronicles" lists 34 volumes of the sundial book, but only the title of the book remains, but there is no content.

Ten Heavenly Stems: A, B, C, D, E, H, G, XIN, NON, and Dec.

Twelve earthly branches: Zi, Chou, Yin, Mao, Chen, Si, Wu, Wei, Shen, and You.

In ancient China, people also invented many methods or tools for keeping time.

The gui (pronounced guī) table is a simple and important instrument for measuring the heavens, which consists of a vertical table (usually eight feet high) and a horizontal gui table. It uses the principle of immediate results to measure the length of the sun's shadow. The main function is to determine the location of the winter solstice day and then determine the length of the return year.

In addition, by observing the changes in the surface shadow, the direction and solar terms can be determined.

The sundial (pronounced guǐ), also known as the "day gauge", is another timekeeping instrument used to measure the time by using the sun's shadow in ancient China. It usually consists of a copper hand and a stone disc. The copper hands are called "sundial needles", and the stone discs are called "sundial faces".

When using, you can distinguish the different times by looking at the position of the shadow cast on the disk. The sundial is accurate to the quarter (15 minutes).

Copper kettle dripping is also known as "leaky carving" or "leaking pot". That is, a water holding tool with a small hole in the bottom of the pot or near the bottom is used to calculate the time by using the flowing water from the orifice to change the water level of the copper kettle. The copper kettle drip invented in China is much earlier than the drip timer made in foreign countries, and it is widely used and has become an important tool for timekeeping in the past dynasties.

In addition to the above timing methods, ancient Chinese people also used "hourglass", "fire timing", "candlelight timing" and other methods to keep time.

In ancient times, the general level of timekeeping used hourglass or copper kettle drip time, and well-made hourglasses or copper drip leaks can basically tell the time more accurately;

In a later period, important astronomical places in ancient times, such as those determined by the Qin Tianjian Prison, used the sun to calculate the time according to the change in the length of the day's projection. It is very demanding to make and install, to calculate the relationship between the sun, moon and the earth, and then to return when to replace the steam, when to leap the moon, etc., the auxiliary equipment of the armillary sphere, can be accurate to the current minute level.

Later generations from the Northern Song Dynasty, there was the prototype of the clock The "Water Transport Instrument Elephant Platform" made by Su Song, the prime minister of the Northern Song Dynasty, can tell the time according to the hour, the hour, and the hour (fifteen minutes), and it is accurate and reliable. It is a pity that it was destroyed when the Northern Song Dynasty fell.

The above is the ancient Chinese timekeeping tool. There are also time timings lit by incense, which can only be relatively rough and basically not in the official timekeeping varieties.

Twelve hours: Zi, Chou, Yin, Mao, Chen, Si, Wu, Wei, Shen, You, Xu, Hai.

Timing instruments: omissions, sundials, hourglasses, etc.

There are two main types of ancient chronological methods in China:

1) The Celestial Chronology. The ancients originally divided a day and night into twelve hours according to the change of the sky, and their names were: midnight, rooster crowing, pingdan, sunrise, eclipse time, yuzhong, day, sunset, day,

2) The time method of the earthly branch. The twelve earthly branches are used to represent the changes of one day and one night and twelve hours.

Celestial time: midnight, rooster crow, weekday, sunrise, eclipse time, mid-day, mid-day, sun-eye, sun-time, day-time, day-time, dusk, people-fixed.

The time of the earthly branches: Zi, Chou, Yin, Mao, Chen, Already, Wu, Wei, Shen, You, Xu, Hai.

Modern time: 23 1 o'clock, 1 3 o'clock, 3 5 o'clock, 5 7 o'clock, 7 o'clock 9 o'clock, 9 11 o'clock, 11 13 o'clock, 13 o'clock 15 o'clock, 15 o'clock 17 o'clock, 17 o'clock 19 o'clock, 19 o'clock 21 o'clock, 21 o'clock 23 o'clock.

There are three main methods of keeping time in ancient China: lead bending

1. The method of keeping time in the sky, the ancients divided the sky into twelve hours according to the changes in the sky during the day. Their names are midnight, rooster crowing, pingdan, sunrise, skin stuffy food, yuzhong, day, day, sun, sunset, sunset, dusk, people;

2. The time method of the earthly branch is expressed by ten fierce fights and two earthly branches. The time method of the earthly branch is divided into 12 hours, 24 hours and 10 hours;

3. The omission time method is a hundred ticks, that is, the day and night are divided into a balanced one hundred ticks. Its generation is related to the use of omissions. Probably originated in the Shang Dynasty.

In the Han Dynasty, it was transformed into one hundred and twenty carvings, and the Liang of the Southern Dynasty was changed to ninety-six and one hundred and eight carvings, and after several iterations, it was not until the end of the Ming Dynasty that the introduction of European astronomical knowledge proposed the reform of the ninety-six carving system, and the early Qing Dynasty was set as a formal system.

There are three main ways to keep track of time in ancient China:

1. The method of keeping time in the sky, the ancients divided the sky into twelve hours according to the changes in the sky of the day. Their names are midnight, rooster crowing, pingdan, sunrise, eclipse time, yuzhong, day, sunset, sunset, sunset, dusk, and people;

2. The time method of the earthly branch is expressed by the twelve earthly branches. The time method of the earthly branch is divided into 12 hours, 24 hours and 10 hours;

3. The omission time method is a hundred ticks, that is, the day and night are divided into a balanced one hundred ticks. Its generation is related to the use of omissions. Probably originated in the Shang Dynasty.

In the Han Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty had transformed it into one hundred and twenty carvings, and the Liang of the Southern Dynasty changed it to ninety-six carvings and one hundred and eight carvings, and after several iterations, it was not until the end of the Ming Dynasty that the European astronomical knowledge was introduced before the reform of the ninety-six carving system was proposed, and the early Qing Dynasty was set as a formal system.