Mitochondria, is there RNA in chloroplasts What is the role?

Both. The role of RNA.

Proteins are formed in a special organelle called a glycosome. Ribosomes float in the matrix outside the nucleus. First, the whole strand of the double helix separates longitudinally and forms a new complement on the exposed base, because the exposed DNA base attracts the constituent components of the RNA in the floating cell matrix.

The RNA bases, in turn, attract ribose monophosphate molecules to form a "backbone". These RNA strands are composed at a rate of about 500,000 bases per second. RNA replication is very inaccurate, with an error of about one per 100,000 bases.

RNA is also made up of four bases, among which adenine, guanine, cytosine are the same as DNA, and the 4th base contained in RNA is different from DNA and is uracil.

Messenger RNA mRNA

The RNA strand formed in this way is called messenger RNA (mRNA), which passes through small holes in the nuclear model and transmits the code to the ribosomes in the matrix. Before the amino acids are selected with a code, each messenger RNA will be "clipped" off the unwanted parts, so that the edited messenger RNA can be read by the ribosome.

Transport RNA (RNA).

The cytosol contains millions of samples of 20 amino acids. Before the amino acids can form new protein molecules in the correct order, they must be carried into the ribosome by another type of transport RNA (tRNA) in the correct order. Messenger RNA, transport RNA works with ribosomes to form protein chains.

Yes. It belongs to the mitochondrial chloroplast, in which ribosomal RRNA

as well as tRNA, mRNA

Acts the same as in cells.

Yes. Because there is DNA in both mitochondria and chloroplasts, it is able to control the synthesis of enzymes involved in aerobic respiration and photosynthesis. Enzymes belong to proteins, and RNA plays a template role in the synthesis of proteins.

Both mitochondria and chloroplasts contain small amounts of DNA and RNA, which are semi-autonomous (can synthesize a portion of proteins and enzymes), so a small amount of RNA and DNA in mitochondria and chloroplasts can directly or fundamentally control a portion of traits. Many scholars refer to the genetic information system of mitochondria and chloroplasts as the second genetic information system of eukaryotic cells, or extranuclear genes and their expression systems.

Eukaryotic cells.

mitochondria are all in it.

and chloroplasts. Most scientists believe that they are transformed by some kind of parasitic bacteria. That is, the doctrine of inner symbiosis.

This theory suggests that mitochondria originate from a mitochondrial ancestor that was engulfed by another cell, the protomitochondria, a tricarboxylic acid cycle.

and electron-transmitted gram-negative bacteria.

This aerobic bacterium is a branch under the phylum Proteobacteria, which is associated with rickettsia.

There is a close relationship.

Protomitochondria Protochloroplasts (bacteria) are engulfed, and instead of being digested, they form a symbiotic relationship with the host cell.

In a mutually beneficial symbiosis that benefits both the host and the host for a long time, the protomitochondrial protochloroplast gradually evolves to form the mitochondrial chloroplast.

It is believed that this symbiotic relationship occurred about 1.7 billion years ago, almost the same period when evolutionary divergence gave rise to eukaryotes and archaea.

Protomitochondria In the process of evolution, chloroplasts gradually lost most of their DNA, retaining only the necessary DNA and necessary replication and transcription functions that are compatible with their functions. For example, there is a separate, complete protein synthesis system: Compared with the protein synthesis system of eukaryotic cells, most of the characteristics of mitochondrial chloroplast protein synthesis are more similar to those of bacterial protein synthesis systems.

Mitochondria and chloroplasts can replicate themselves on their own DNA and RNA.

1. From the structure of the macro book spring.

Of course, the fundamental cavity characteristics of DNA molecules are all the same.

4 bases, double helix.

However, nuclear DNA will have a higher order structure (it will resist the formation of chromosomes), and the DNA strand of the nucleus must be relatively long.

2. Functionally.

They are all responsible for the synthesis of proteins, but the difference is that they carry different genes and code for different proteins.

3. Genetically speaking.

The nuclear DNA replication process is more precise, and the mitochondria, chloroplasts, don't talk much about how they replicate, but when "cytoplasmic inheritance" is mentioned, it usually refers to mitochondria and chloroplasts.

That's a good question

These things can be summarized by reading the book by yourself (I haven't touched this for several years, and I can't remember many details clearly).

Ribosomes are found in mitochondria and chloroplasts. The old name of ribosomes is "ribosome ribonucleosome" or "proteosome bridge cryptono", which is generally considered to be an organelle in cells, except for mammalian mature red blood cells and plant sieve cells, ribosomes are present in cells.

The structure of ribosomes is significantly different from that of their organelles: they are not membrane-coated, they are composed of two subunits, and they can attach to the endoplasmic reticulum or be free of the cytoplasm because of their functional needs. Thus, ribosomes are also considered intracellular macromolecules rather than a class of organelles.

Mainly: mitochondria can provide CO2 and H2O for photosynthesis in chloroplasts, and chloroplasts provide mitochondria with glucose (actually pyruvate) and O2, the raw materials for aerobic respiration

Secondly: mitochondria can also provide ATP for other life activities of chloroplasts other than photosynthesis (such as life activities such as transcription and translation of DNA in chloroplasts).

If you're asking about their similarities, it's this:

Structurally: Mitochondria and chloroplasts are bilayer biofilm organelles in plants, and the matrix contains DNA. Both mitochondria and chloroplasts can synthesize their own enzymes (the matrix contains DNA) and are semi-autonomous organelles.

Functionally: mitochondria and chloroplasts can functionally carry out energy conversion and produce ATP (but the ATP produced by mitochondria is used for cell metabolism, and the ATP produced by chloroplasts is only used in the dark reaction stage of photosynthesis).

Hope it helps

Linked by energy conversion. One stores energy and the other harnesses energy. Chloroplasts convert light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose through photosynthesis, and chloroplasts convert the energy chemical energy stored in glucose into a form that can be directly used by energy dogs, i.e., ATP, which provides a basis for other energy-requiring reactions.

From a material point of view, it is glucose that connects them. I think it's more straightforward to look at the energy transformation. Does the landlord think it's right?

Is the connection that the oxygen released by chloroplasts can supply mitochondria for respiration?