What are the similarities and differences between medieval universities and Chinese contemporaneous

Answer]: Academies and medieval universities are two shining pearls in the history of the development of culture and education in the East and the West, and they have similarities and differences.

First of all, the emergence of seowon and university is by no means accidental, not only because their respective ideologies and cultures are closely related, but also have a great deal to do with the relative development of their respective feudal economies and their unique political structures. But the difference is that most of the universities in the European Middle Ages were born in commercially developed cities; On the contrary, most of the academies in China appear far away from the city or suburbs or famous mountains and rivers, and most of them solve social problems from an ethical and political point of view, unlike medieval universities, which solve social problems from an economic level. But the difference is that medieval universities fought for many privileges for independent production and free research; The early Chinese academies did not receive any "privileges" from the authorities, but only received some official support in the process of running their schools.

Thirdly, universities and colleges often show differences in the purpose of running schools and the setting of courses. In terms of the purpose of running the school, the university emphasizes the career path and pays attention to the training of lawyers, doctors and other professionals; On the other hand, the seowon generally attaches great importance to the theory of empty spring, and is keen to pursue the sage personality of moral perfection. In terms of curriculum, the university not only attaches importance to professional knowledge, but also shows the inheritance and development of the Western traditional "Seven Arts". The academy also attaches great importance to the promotion and acceptance of Confucianism.

Finally, in terms of teaching methods, universities and colleges attach great importance to academic lectures, research**, etc.

It is worth noting that the academic research of medieval European universities and early Chinese academies was by no means unlimited, and they could not fundamentally break through the system of feudal society itself. Academies and medieval universities have been of great value and far-reaching influence in the history of education in both the East and the West. The Formation of Medieval Universities and the Development of Scholasticism Medieval Universities.

The academy began as a kind of private learning, and its heyday was in the preparation of jujubes.

a.Song Yinzhi Dynasty.

b.Ming dynasty. c.Yuan.

d.Qing Dynasty. Correct Answer: a

Song dynasty.

According to the query of education, in which dynasty was the "academy" formally formed as an educational organization? a.Yuan Dynasty; b.

Song dynasty. c.Tang dynasty; d.Ming dynasty; Answer Analysis:

The academy education was the most distinctive form of educational organization in the Song, Yuan, and Ming dynasties. The term "academy" first appeared in the Tang Dynasty. However, at that time, the seowon was mainly a place for compiling, collecting, and reading books.

As an educational place of a certain scale, the academy did not appear until the Song Dynasty. Therefore, the answer to this question is B.

The Epistolary Academy is an educational organization and academic research institution unique to China's feudal society, and most of them are founded or presided over by famous scholars. The college has a mountain head, who is in charge of teaching and college affairs. Academies are divided into government and private colleges, and the government colleges are appointed by the local officials, and the private colleges are self-employed, which must be reported to the government office for the record.

The number of students is not fixed.

Song Dynasty academies and European medieval universities were two distinctive educational systems of higher education in ancient times. These two bright pearls in the history of the development of education in the East and the West have had a far-reaching impact on the development of modern higher education and even the entire human society.

Both the Song Dynasty academies and the European medieval universities were products of a specific social context at a certain stage of historical development.

Medieval universities in Europe were born in the wake of Europe's economic revival, political changes, and cultural developments. The development of agriculture, handicrafts, and commerce, the revival of cities and the rise of their citizens, the translation movement, the consolidation of the position of the pope and king, and the desire to expand their power formed a powerful synergy, which eventually led to the emergence of medieval universities in Europe. The emergence of academies in the Song Dynasty mainly depended on the development of agriculture, handicrafts and commerce, the opportunity of the lack of government and learning at that time, the development of Confucianism and the support of the rulers.

To a certain extent, the different backgrounds of the two also laid the groundwork for the different historical fates of the two later.

The Song Dynasty Academy was greatly influenced by ancient Chinese traditional culture, and its curriculum was mainly based on classics and history, and it was relatively alienated from the knowledge of natural sciences. The curriculum of medieval universities in Europe was more rational. Although the content of the two courses is quite different, they both reflect a certain degree of humanism and are infiltrated by religious thoughts.

The main teaching methods of the Song Dynasty academies were lectures, lectures, self-study, and difficult questions. In medieval European universities, lectures and debates were the main teaching methods, and examinations were generally linked to degrees. To a large extent, both of them pay attention to practice in teaching, pay attention to inspiring students' thinking and the spirit of active learning, and combine teaching and academic research well.

Funding for Song Dynasty Academies and European Medieval Universities**. There are many channels, and they have all been obtained.

On the one hand, more people can receive knowledge, and on the other hand, in the field of academic or academic development, it should have enough effect, which should be a knowledge dissemination or a significance for the development of knowledge in ancient times.