When is it better to fertilize soybeans

Too much chemical nitrogen fertilizer is applied to inhibit rhizobia activity. However, in the early stage of seedlings, the roots have not yet formed nodules, and an appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer can promote the healthy growth of seedlings. Phosphorus can promote root growth, improve soybean stress resistance, and promote root nodule development.

In leguminous crops, the application of phosphorus fertilizer can achieve the effect of "increasing nitrogen with phosphorus". The role of potassium fertilizer is to promote the growth of seedlings, make the stems strong, and enhance lodging resistance.

The growth period of soybean is usually divided into six growth stages: germination stage, seedling stage, flower bud differentiation stage, flowering stage, pod-setting and grain drumming stage and maturity stage, and the amount of fertilizer required is different at different growth stages. The period from flowering to grain drum is the period when soybean absorbs the most nutrients, and the nutrient absorption before and after grain drum is less. Its fertilizer absorption rules are:

The nitrogen uptake rate accounted for 15% of the total nitrogen uptake in the whole growth stage, from the branching stage to the full flowering stage, from the full flowering stage to the pod-setting stage, and the drumming stage accounted for 24%. The flowering to grain bulging period is the peak period of nitrogen uptake in soybeans. The phosphorus absorption rate accounted for 17% from seedling stage to early flowering stage, 70% from early flowering to drum grain stage, and 13% from drum grain to maturity stage. Soybeans have the greatest need for phosphorus in the middle of growth. Potassium uptake rateThe cumulative potassium uptake before flowering accounted for 43%, and the potassium that still needs to be absorbed from flowering to grain drumming stage and from drum grain to maturity stage is accounted for.

It can be seen that the flowering to grain drumming stage is not only the peak period of soybean dry matter accumulation, but also the peak period of absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients.

Most of the common problems of fertilization

Fertilization formula: soybean has a greater demand for nitrogen than general crops, but the roots grow with rhizobia like peanuts, and it is also a crop that can fix nitrogen, so it is advisable to apply low-nitrogen, high-phosphorus and high-potassium slow-release fertilizers, which can ensure the normal growth of soybeans and give full play to the nitrogen fixation effect of rhizobia. According to the nutritional requirements of soybean, the appropriate soybean special controlled-release fertilizer ratio (N-PZOS-K20) mainly includes -14-20, and trace elements zinc and boron are generally added to the formula.

According to the survey, it was also found that the existing soybean special controlled-release fertilizer products directly contain rhizobia, and fertilization and inoculation of rhizobia are completed at one time, and the effect is better.

When and how to apply fertilizer: Before sowing spring soybeans in April and May every year, apply fertilizer to the bottom of the furrow at a distance of 5 10 cm from the lower part of the seed or near the side of the seed. Using the same sowing technology of seed fertilizer, the sowing machine is used as a one-time base fertilizer when sowing, and the fertilizer is applied directly below or on one side of the seed, and the depth is 10 14 cm from the ground.

Fertilizer amount: varies according to the yield and soil fertility, and the general application rate per mu is 20 40 kg.

Precautions: Soybean in the pod-setting period is the peak period of nutrient absorption, in order to prevent fertilizer reduction and yield reduction, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 1% urea solution can be sprayed to supplement phosphorus and nitrogen.

Fertilization effect: plant height and single grain weight were increased, which could significantly increase the yield.

For every 100 kg of soybean kernels produced, kilograms of pure nitrogen, kilograms of pure phosphorus, and kilograms of pure potassium are required. The basal fertilizer is mainly farmhouse fertilizer, mixed with phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. Generally, 1 ton of farm fertilizer, kilograms of urea, 20 25 kg of superphosphate, 10 kg of potassium chloride or potassium sulfate, and compost for about half a month, and apply kilograms of zinc sulfate, mix well, ditch or hole.

Seed fertilizer is applied under the condition of no basal fertilizer or a small amount of basal fertilizer, and about 5 kg of ammonium phosphate per mu is generally applied. Fertilize at a depth of 8 10 cm and 6 8 cm from the seeds as well. 10 grams of ammonium molybdate per mu are dissolved with water and mixed with ammonium phosphate or farmhouse fertilizer for seed fertilizer, furrow application or hole application.

Whether or not to apply nitrogen fertilizer to soybeans depends on the previous fertilization. If the basal fertilizer and seed fertilizer are not applied and the soil fertility level is low, a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer can be applied at the early flowering stage, generally 4 5 kg of urea or 5 10 kg of ammonium nitrate per mu, and the distance between top dressing and soybean plants should be about 10 cm. When the soil is deficient in phosphorus, phosphorus fertilizer should also be applied in the top dressing, diammonium phosphate and monoammonium phosphate are ideal nitrogen and phosphorus top dressing for soybean.

In plots with high soil fertility levels, do not top apply nitrogen fertilizer. Extra-root topdressing can be done at the peak or final flowering stage. Urea and ammonium molybdate are used more, 1 2 kg of urea per mu, 75 100 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 40 50 kg of water.

1. Seedling stage.

Spraying foliar fertilizer at the seedling stage of soybean can promote root and strong seedlings, the leaves are thick and green, and the plant stem is thick.

2. Flowering and podding stage.

The flowering and pod-setting period of soybean is the peak period of soybean fertilizer, at this time, it needs to absorb a large amount of nutrients, and the absorption of nutrients by the root system alone is limited, and the ability of soybean leaves to absorb nutrients is very strong. At this time, it is necessary to pay attention to the supplementation of amino acids, phosphorus, potassium, boron, zinc, molybdenum and other large and trace elements, which have a very good effect on promoting flower pollination and flower podding.

3. Drum stage.

At this time, it is a critical period to determine the seed setting rate and grain weight of soybean, and it is necessary to focus on supplementing phosphorus, potassium, boron, molybdenum and other nutrients, which has a significant effect on reducing grain set, increasing grain weight and improving yield. In addition, experiments have shown that spraying foliar fertilizer containing amino acids at this time can reduce podding, accelerate grain bulging, and improve soybean quality.

When is the best time to spray foliar fertilizer? How to use foliar fertilizer correctly?

When the soil nutrients are insufficient, the root nutrients can not meet the growth, the roots are damaged and can not effectively channel the nutrients, the root respiration growth is poor, the fertilizer absorption and fertilizer supply ability is weakened, or the plant fertilizer needs a large amount of foliar fertilizer spraying in time The effect is the best, which is conducive to meeting the growth selection in time, promoting the growth and improving the yield.

1. Base fertilizer

In the process of planting soybeans, in order to increase the yield, it is necessary to sprinkle a sufficient amount of base fertilizer into the field, mainly manure and farmhouse fertilizer, spread the fertilizer on the soil surface, and then use a hoe to turn it deep once, mix evenly, and improve soil fertility.

2. Top dressing fertilizer.

Soybean branching to the early stage of flowering to carry out a top dressing, has a good yield increase effect, at this time to nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, the fertilizer is diluted with water and watered into the soil, is conducive to the vigorous growth of soybean, pay attention not to top dressing thick fertilizer.

3. Foliar fertilizer.

In the growth process of soybean, it is necessary to apply foliar fertilizer to it, mainly superphosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, spray it on the leaves of soybean, apply it every 7-10 days after podding, and spray 2-3 times in a row, which is conducive to fruit expansion.

4. Breeding management.

In the process of breeding soybeans, if there is a high temperature weather, it is necessary to irrigate water into the field every 2-3 days, so as not to dry the stems and leaves, and to weed frequently, if there are too many weeds in the soil, it will hinder the growth of soybeans, and in severe cases, it will be infected with diseases.

Nitrogen fertilizer can be chased 2 kg per mu at the early flowering stage, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be chased alone, and the topdressing method is better to open ditch strips. The flowering and podding stage is the period when soybean needs the most fertilizer, 2 5 kg of urea and 7 8 kg of potassium fertilizer can be applied per mu, and it can be applied about 5 days before flowering.

Generally speaking, after the flowering of soybeans, the nitrogen requirement reaches its peak, and nitrogen fertilizer needs to be supplemented at this time. It can be applied at 150 kg ha of ammonium bicarbonate or 60 kg ha of urea, or it can be sprayed with a 1% 2% urea solution in less fertile fields at the pod stage.

When applying long-acting fertilizer to soybean and planting soybean, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer, and long-acting compound fertilizer can be used.

Soybean is generally more suitable for topdressing at the time of flowering, nitrogen application can promote the development of flowers and the growth of pods, in addition, soybean seedlings and flowering can be sprayed ammonium molybdate and hypophosphite sedan aging solution, the growth of soybean is better. If you want a high yield of soybeans, you can put the fertilizer into the fertilizer planting box of the planter, so that the fertilizer is applied evenly and the fertilizer depth is controlled within 4-5 cm.

Soybean topdressing time.

Nitrogen application at the beginning of soybean flowering could promote the development of flowers and pods, and it was found that ammonium molybdate and hypophosphite solutions could also be sprayed on soybean seedling stage and pre-flowering leaf reed chips to improve fertilization efficiency and yield, respectively. It is advisable to use water from the first flowering stage of soybean to the pod filling stage in some dry weather periods to prevent drought from affecting yield.

Soybean top dressing fertilizer.

Before soybean maturity, in order to improve the application rate of high-quality organic fertilizer, the application rate of organic fertilizer with an organic matter content of more than 8% per hectare of soybean field should be more than 20,000kg, and a closed-rise bottom fertilizer should be applied with the whole field.

Soil testing formula fertilization technology is adopted, and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are reasonably matched. The amount of fertilizer applied per hectare is 18-36 kg of pure nitrogen, 46-92 kg of phosphorus pentoxide and 30-60 kg of potassium oxide. At the same time, 15-30 kg of zinc sulfate per hectare is applied.

Soybean high-yield topdressing method.

When sowing, the fertilizer is put into the fertilizer sowing box of the seeder, and the driving wheel drives the gear of the fertilizer discharge to rotate, so that the fertilizer is applied evenly, and the fertilizer depth is controlled within 4-5 cm.

The amount of fertilizer applied was calculated and adjusted before sowing, and the amount of fertilizer applied in each field was determined according to the soil organic matter, effective nutrient content, previous fertilization test results, fertilization level and crop varieties.

From 010 to 1010, the fertilizer requirements of soybeans varied greatly during different growing seasons. In general, the nutrient requirement is highest from flowering to filling, which is also the best time for fertilization.

Soybean topdressing time.

In the process of fertilization, soybeans should be supplemented with phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium. When planting soybeans, it is necessary to use good base fertilizer, and apply 30-40 kg of phosphate fertilizer and 50-60 kg of urea per mu. After entering the full flowering period, boric acid or borax should also be sprayed on it to achieve the effect of increasing flowers and fattening.

Pumpkin top dressing fertilizer.

Soybean seedling fertilizer: The nodules of soybean seedlings are in the formation stage and have no nitrogen fixation capacity. If nitrogen nutrition cannot keep up, it will affect the early growth of strong seedlings.

Early topdressing can promote root and leaf growth. Generally speaking, the yield per mu can reach 4-6 kg. The application of appropriate amount of phosphate fertilizer at the seedling stage is conducive to promoting the formation and development of soybean root nodules, and the application rate of superphosphate can reach 8-10kg.

Flower fertilizer: The flowering and pod-setting period of soybeans is the peak period for fertilizer absorption. At the early flowering stage, an appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer can be applied to reduce flower and pod dropping, and the yield per mu can be increased by 15-20%.

Generally, 5-8 kg of urea is applied per mu. Dig a pit 5-7 cm from the bean root and cover it in the ground. If the soil is fertile and the plants grow healthily, topdressing is less effective.

When the amount of phosphorus applied to the base fertilizer is insufficient, 7-10 kg of urea per mu should be applied. Granular fertilizer: After soybean enters the pod-setting and grain drumming stage, the nitrogen fixation ability and root activity of rhizobia gradually decrease, and the fertilizer absorption ability decreases.

Foliar fertilizer should be used to supplement nutrients and reduce pod drop. Generally, 50 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate per mu is sprayed evenly on the leaf surface from 4 pm to evening, and sprayed 2-3 times in a row. When denitrification, kilograms of urea can be added per mu.

Soybean topdressing time.

Nitrogen application at the early flowering stage of soybean can promote the development of flowers and pods. It was found that ammonium molybdate and hypophosphite solutions could also be sprayed on the foliar surface of soybean at seedling stage and before flowering, respectively, to improve fertilization efficiency and yield. The first flowering period to the pod-setting stage of soybean is suitable, and some weather is suitable for watering during the dry period to prevent drought from affecting yield.

010 Before soybean maturity, in order to improve the application rate of high-quality organic fertilizer, the application rate of organic fertilizer with organic matter content greater than 8% per hectare of soybean field should be greater than 20,000kg, and basal fertilizer should be applied at one time in combination with the whole field. Soil testing formula fertilization technology is adopted, and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are reasonably matched. The amount of fertilizer applied per hectare is 18-36 kg of pure nitrogen, 46-92 kg of phosphorus pentoxide and 30-60 kg of potassium oxide.

At the same time, 15-30 kg of zinc sulfate per hectare is applied.

Soybean top dressing fertilizer.

When sowing, the fertilizer is put into the fertilizer discharge box of the seeder, and the driving wheel drives the fertilizer discharge gear to rotate, so that the fertilizer is evenly applied, and the fertilizer depth is controlled within 4-5cm. Before sowing, the amount of fertilizer was calculated and adjusted, and the amount of fertilizer applied to each field was determined according to the soil organic matter, the nutrient content of liquid eggplant, the results of previous fertilization tests, the level of fertilizer application, and crop varieties.

<>1. From the flowering stage, the nutrient demand of soybean increases, and it is suitable for top dressing. 2. Nitrogen fertilizer can be applied at the early flowering stage, and 4-5 kg of urea can be applied per mu. 3. When the plant grows too vigorously, urea can be omitted or reduced.

4. In the seedling stage and early flowering stage, ammonium molybdate and superphosphate aqueous dilute solution can be sprayed on the foliar surface, which can increase the fertilizer efficiency and improve the yield. 5. When soybean plants encounter dry weather, they should be watered appropriately.

First, the best period for soybean topdressing

1. When is the best topdressing for soybeans?

Generally, the soybean flowering period begins to enter the most vigorous growth stage, and the nutrients required during this period increase, which is suitable for top dressing.

2. Precautions for soybean topdressing.

1) The topdressing time should be flexibly determined according to the growth of the plant and the fertility of the soil.

2) If the land that has been topdressed at the seedling stage is still lacking fertilizer at the flowering stage, it can be topdressed again.

3) If the soybean seedlings are strong and the leaf area is too large, then nitrogen fertilizer can not be applied at the early flowering stage to prevent the plant from growing and lodging.

4) In the plots with barren and weak seedlings, the amount of top dressing can be increased appropriately.

5) Top dressing is suitable for furrow application, urea can also be sprinkled between the rows, top dressing can be combined with tillage and irrigation at the same time, can ensure fertilizer efficiency.

6) When spreading fertilizer, avoid sprinkling fertilizer on the leaves, so as not to burn the leaves.

Second, what fertilizer is good for soybean topdressing

1. The fertilization system of soybean is composed of basal fertilizer, seed fertilizer and top dressing. The principle of fertilization is to ensure that soybeans have sufficient nutrients, and to give full play to the nitrogen fixation role of soybean rhizobia.

2. Nitrogen fertilizer can promote the development of flowers and the growth of young pods in soybean at the early flowering stage. When it rains, 4-5 kg of urea can be applied per mu. When the plant is growing too vigorously, urea can be reduced or not applied.

3. In the soybean seedling stage and early flowering stage, ammonium molybdate and superphosphate aqueous dilute solution can be sprayed on the foliar surface respectively to increase fertilizer efficiency and yield.

4. From the early flowering stage of soybean to the pod-setting and grain drumming stage, if it encounters dry weather, it is necessary to water appropriately to prevent the plant from being affected by drought and reducing the yield.