What is the stress form of the frame beam, column, and plate wall?

The beam-plate structural system with walls and columns is an ancient and youthful structural system, which means that it has a long history, and has been widely used in Egyptian architecture as early as 2,000 years BC; To say that it is young is to say that people still use it to build buildings to this day.

This kind of structural system is mainly composed of two types of basic components to form a space. One type of component is the wall column: the other is the beam plate. The former is the vertical that forms the empty cover; The latter is the horizontal plane on which the void is formed.

Walls and columns are subjected to vertical pressure; Beams and plates are subjected to bending forces. the stone beam slabs, stone walls and columns used in ancient Egyptian and Western architecture; the wooden beams, stone walls and columns used in ancient Greek architecture; In modern times, various forms of hybrid structures, large plate structures, box-shaped structures, etc. All structural forms that use walls and columns to bear the loads of beams and slabs can be summarized within the scope of this structural system.

The biggest feature of this structural system is that the wall itself should not only play the role of the crops in the enclosing space, but also bear the load of the roof, and merge the two tasks of the enclosure structure and the load-bearing structure together.

The force borne by columns, beams and plate members cannot be generalized to compare the size, and the column mainly bears axial force.

Bending moment capacity due to eccentricity of internal and axial forces.

**Shear force generated by equal horizontal action, etc.; Whereas, columns and plates are mainly bending moments and shear forces. These units of force of different nature are different, and they cannot be used to compare sizes. It can only be said that under the action of **, the shear force borne by the column is greater than that of the beam, which is correct.

The beam is supported by a bearing, and the external force is mainly transverse force and shear force, and bending is the main deformation.

DAO building blocks.

Special slabs include: foundation raft slabs, floor slabs, ground slabs, floor slabs, baffle slabs and partition slabs.

The force in the beam is ultimately manifested as shear stress and tensile (compressive) stress. Let's put it simply

On both sides of the beam are the supports, and the shear stresses are greatest near the supports. The middle of the beam is the place where the bending moment is the largest, and the stress generated by the bending moment on the inside of the beam structure is tensile stress on one side and compressive stress on the other. That is to say, in the middle of the beam, the tensile (compressive) stress is the greatest.

You have such a big question, it is estimated that there are not many people who can give you a comprehensive answer. I'll give you a simpler way of putting it :

1. In construction engineering, the so-called plate refers to a structural component with a certain plane size that is much different from the thickness size.

The classification of slabs includes flat panels, vertical panels, inclined panels, etc., such as flat panels for floor panels, wall panels, railings, etc. for vertical panels, and stair panels and roof panels for inclined panels.

The stress characteristics of the plate: the flat panel is a bending member, the vertical plate is a bending member mainly under compression, and the structural stress of the inclined panel is more complex, and it is a composite stress member of compression, tension and bending member.

2. In terms of geometric dimensions, the beam is a kind of bending member with a large difference between the transverse long direction size and the cross-sectional geometric size, and the horizontal direction or slightly inclination.

There are many classifications of beams, which can be divided into rectangular beams, circular beams, L-shaped beams, T-shaped beams, I-shaped beams, and other special-shaped beams from the cross-sectional geometry. The structural stress characteristics are generally dominated by bending, and form a typical distinction from other structural components.

The stress characteristics of the beam, generally according to its specific force situation, can be divided into tension bending beam, compression bending beam, and shear resistance beam based on shear force, etc.

3. The column is a vertical structural member, but it can also have a certain inclination to form an oblique column.

The cross-sectional form of the column is divided into rectangular columns, circular columns, L-shaped columns, T-shaped columns, I-shaped columns, and other special-shaped columns according to the different cross-sectional geometry.

The structural stress characteristics are generally compressed. According to its specific force, it will also bear a certain bending moment, and the column can be divided into structural columns, frame columns, rack columns, shear columns and so on.

No, the dark column is also called the wall column (concealed column or embedded column in English). The dark column is another name for the edge member in the shear wall, which is a part of the shear wall, which is generally located at the end (i.e., the edge) of the plane of the wall limb, and is mainly used to carry the in-plane bending moment action of the wall. The width of the dark pillar is the same as that of the wall, and it is not easy to distinguish it hidden in the wall in appearance, hence the name.

The dark column in the shear wall is a form of edge member, which is mainly used to bear the tensile and compressive stresses caused by the bending moment in the wall plane. Conceptually, a shear wall can be regarded as a deep beam placed vertically, and the dark column at the edge of the wall is the bending longitudinal reinforcement area of the deep beam. If there is a unilateral beam shelving outside the plane of the wall limb and there is no dark column at the shelving point, because the shear wall does not consider bearing the out-of-plane bending moment, it is advisable to set the dark column at the beam position to bear the out-of-plane bending moment.

According to the location and the grade of seismic design, there are generally two kinds of dark columns: one constrained end (dark) column, and one structural end (dark) column, which can be found in the "Code for Seismic Design of Buildings" GB50011-2010 or "Technical Regulations for Concrete Structures of High-rise Buildings" JGJ3-2011.

In the old atlas, there are four types of edge members: those whose width is greater than the wall thickness are called end columns, and those that are not greater than the wall thickness are called dark columns, corner columns, and wing columns according to the different plane positions. In the new atlas (16G101 series), the latter three are combined to be called dark columns.

Wall columns in a shear wall structure are generally not frame columns. Because there is no frame system in the pure shear force wall junction structure of the load-bearing structural system of the house building, of course, there will be no frame columns.

There are generally two kinds of columns in the construction of pure shear wall structure, one is the structural column in the brick masonry according to the specification or design requirements, and the other is the dark column in the shear wall. Both of these columns are not frame columns.

At present, the load-bearing structure system of many and high-rise buildings in China mainly includes several forms, such as frame-cylinder structure (frame-tube structure), frame-shear wall structure, frame-cylinder-shear wall structure, etc., and simple shear wall structure is relatively rare. If there are columns in the load-bearing system, they are generally frame columns.

The wall columns, end columns, and dark columns in the shear wall structure all belong to the shear wall constraint column and the edge constraint column, not the frame column!

The free-standing column at the shear-free wall is the frame column!

The dark columns, end columns, and buttresses of shear walls are not frame columns. There are basically no frame columns in the shear wall structure.

It is not a frame column, it is an end column, a dark column, and there is no frame column.

The frame column is the main vertical support structure that bears the load from the beam and slab in the frame structure and transmits the load to the foundation.

The beam is stressed, and the longitudinal reinforcement is stressed in the member. The bottom longitudinal reinforcement of the beam is stressed in the member. The longitudinal reinforcement of the column is subjected to tension and compression in the member.

The frame support beams and frame pillars are used for the conversion layer, the lower part is the frame structure, the upper part is the shear wall structure, and the beams and columns supporting the superstructure are KZZ and KZL. The difference between the frame pillar and the frame column is that the parts used are different, and then the structural design is not the same.

To put it simply: a box pillar is a column on a frame beam that is used to convert layers. The difference between frame pillars and frame posts is that frame columns are connected to the foundation and frame pillars are connected to frame beams.

The columns below the frame pillars are frame columns, while the beams that are not connected to the shear wall are frame beams.

The skeleton that is composed of the overall connection of beams and columns, and is used to bear the load of the house is called the frame, and the beam at this time is called the frame beam, and the column is called the frame column. Frame beams and frame columns are the most important load-bearing components of a frame structure house. column, mainly compressed; The beam is mainly bent and sheared, and when the beam is bent, the upper part of the support is compressed by the lower part, and the upper part of the middle of the span is compressed and the lower part is compressed.

The column of the frame structure that bears the vertical force is the frame column, and the beam is generally bending, shearing, and torsional.