What subjects are Basic Chemistry? How to learn the subject of chemistry

The four major chemistries generally refer to: inorganic chemistry (which studies the properties and reactions of inorganic substances), organic chemistry (which studies the properties and reactions of organic substances), analytical chemistry (which studies chemical analysis methods), and physical chemistry (which studies the thermodynamics and kinetics of chemical reactions).

Electrochemistry is also a very important field of chemistry, and with it, we can say that chemistry is the "five basic chemistry". In fact, in the current college textbooks, electrochemistry is more integrated into the four major chemistry, as an important "supporting role".

Organic Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry. Four fundamental chemistry. Among them, physical chemistry is the most difficult and the most important.

The four basic chemistry are inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry, analytical chemistry, and physical chemistry; In addition, students will learn the basics of instrumental analysis and chemical engineering.

Periodic table, periodic law, redox reactions, ionic reactions, thermochemical equations, etc.

Redox reaction is the core, and the textbook has been gradually explaining his principles, calculations and applications from the first to the third year of high school. Because high school chemistry is the study of the essence of reflection: the gain, loss or deviation of electrons.

So this is the primary core, which includes redox reactions, ionic reactions, thermochemical equations. This is the number one principle in high school. Theoretical knowledge also includes important equilibrium theory:

Chemical equilibrium studies reversible reactions, ionization equilibrium studies the relationship between ions in solution, and ionic reactions are his basis.

The above is theoretical knowledge, and one of the major is the periodic table and the periodic law of elements, which is the study of the law of gradual change in the elements, which is not only focused on in the theoretical knowledge, but also reflected through the study of elements and compounds. Alkali metals, halogens, oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, and metals (especially iron, magnesium, aluminum, and aluminum are amphoteric metals, and copper will be interspersed).Therefore, the relationship and inference between the compounds are also very important.

Organic chemistry is also a big block, but as long as you learn a few types of substances, high school does not have high requirements for organic chemistry. The main hydrocarbons (hydrocarbon-containing organic compounds) include: alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, benzene, etc., hydrocarbon derivatives (organic compounds with other elements in addition to hydrocarbons) including alcohols, aldehydes, atmospheres, carboxylic acids, esters.

And then the isomerism with organic matter is a big point! Glycolipids, proteins and synthetic materials in organic are not highly demanding.

Then there's the calculation. The introduction of the concept of the quantity of matter in high school has radically improved many of the intricate calculations in junior high school, among which Avogadro's law is important, and the Kraberon equation that the teacher will talk about also has applications in physical heat. Calculations will be slowly taught throughout high school, gradually becoming more difficult.

That's also the point.

Last but not least, the experiment is the part of the college entrance examination that is not easy to get a full score. It needs to be accumulated on a daily basis, and on the basis of understanding the textbook experiments, you can see more extended experiments to expand your thinking and help adapt to the requirements of the college entrance examination. The experiment should be the hardest part, and the part that best shows the gaps.

1. The three types of particles that make up matter are: molecules, atoms, and ions.

2. Three reducing agents commonly used in reducing copper oxide: hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon.

3. Hydrogen as a fuel has three advantages: abundant resources, high calorific value, and the product after combustion is water that does not pollute the environment.

4. There are generally three kinds of particles that make up atoms: protons, neutrons, and electrons.

5. There are only three kinds of ferrous metals: iron, manganese, and chromium.

6. There are three types of fire extinguishers commonly used: foam fire extinguishers; dry chemical fire extinguishers; Liquid carbon dioxide fire extinguisher.

7. The flame of the alcohol lamp is divided into three parts: the outer flame, the inner flame, and the flame center, among which the outer flame has the highest temperature.

8. Hazards and protection of air pollution: Hazards: Seriously damage human health, affect crop growth, and destroy ecological balance.

Global warming, ozone layer depletion and acid rain, etc. Protection: Strengthen air quality monitoring, improve environmental conditions, use clean energy, factory exhaust gas can only be discharged after treatment, and actively plant trees, afforestation, grass planting, etc.

9. The purification effect of water from low to high is static, adsorption, filtration, and distillation (all physical methods), among which the operation with the best purification effect is distillation; The water purifier that has both filtration and adsorption is activated carbon.

10. **: Combustibles are rapidly burning in a limited space, and the gas volume expands rapidly. All mixtures of flammable gases, vapors of flammable liquids, and mixtures of combustible dust and air (or oxygen) can occur when exposed to fire**.

2. Chemistry high-frequency test center sorting.

1.The drugs used to produce hydrogen in the laboratory are zinc and dilute sulfuric acid.

2.The drugs used to produce carbon dioxide in the laboratory are limestone and dilute hydrochloric acid.

3.Among the natural substances, the hardest is diamond. It can be used to cut glass.

4.The drugs used to produce oxygen in the laboratory are a mixture of potassium chlorate (white) and manganese dioxide (black); Potassium permanganate; a mixture of hydrogen peroxide solution (hydrogen peroxide) and manganese dioxide; In the reaction, manganese dioxide is used as a catalyst.

5.Oxygen is a colorless and odorless gas, slightly heavier than air, not easily soluble in water, and both liquid and solid oxygen are light blue.

6.The two conditions for the combustion of combustibles are that the combustibles are in sufficient contact with oxygen; The temperature reaches or exceeds the ignition point of the combustible.

7.Valency formula: monovalent hydrochloride, potassium, sodium silver, divalent oxygen, calcium, barium, magnesium, zinc, trialuminum, tetrasilicon, pentavalent phosphorus; C24, Fe23, 246 sulfur are complete, and copper mercury bivalent is the most common.

8.Solid carbon dioxide is commonly known as dry ice. The common names of sodium hydroxide are caustic soda, caustic soda, caustic soda. The common name for sodium carbonate is soda ash. The common name of calcium hydroxide is hydrated lime and slaked lime.

9.Gas collection cylinders for gas collection applications; A measuring cylinder is required to measure a certain volume of liquid; A beaker should be used when dissolving more solids; Powdered solid drugs are generally used with a medicine spoon; Tweezers should be used to remove lumpy medicines. Alcohol lamps are commonly used for heating.

10.The methods of oxygen collection are the upward exhaust air method and the drainage method. The methods of hydrogen collection are the downward exhaust air method and the drainage method. The method of carbon dioxide collection is the upward air exhaust method.

Chemical substance changes, but also chemical elements.

b eHere, because sodium chloride can ionize chloride ions and sodium ions, the osmotic pressure is higher. Water molecules and sodium ions and chloride ions can pass through the semi-permeable membrane, so B. is chosen(At this point, the water molecules go from sucrose to sodium chloride).

1. For the electric pair 2H+ +2E- =H2, in pure water Standard + lg[H+] 2* = + lg[10 -7] 2 = 2, false. The iodine ion is in a reduced state, so as its concentration increases, the electrode potential decreases. 3. According to Henderson's formula, the [oh-] kb* [configuration of alkali concentration configuration of acid concentration] of buffer solution = 10 * 1 1 = 10 mol l, then poh = , pH = 14-poh = .

4. When titration is halfway, NH3:NH4+ = 1:1 in the solution, so by Henderson's formula, [H+]=ka* [acid concentration alkali concentration] = 10 -14 10 = 10, so the pH is.

The easiest way to learn is that students should focus on learning and develop holistically. There is a road and diligence in the book mountain, and there is no end to learning from the sea to make boats, and diligence can make up for clumsiness.

Improve learning methods. In the process of learning, we must: listen more (listen to lectures), remember more (remember concepts, remember formulas), read more (read books), do more (do homework), ask more (ask if you don't understand), do more hands (do experiments), review more, and summarize more.

I believe that you will gradually develop good study habits and achieve success. In particular, it is easier to learn chemistry by memorizing concepts such as the periodic table, the priority of metal reactions, the conditions of chemical reactions, precipitation or gas conditions, etc.

Chemistry is actually not difficult, first of all, we must overcome it psychologically, don't think that it is difficult to learn; Secondly: chemistry needs to memorize more, see more, and think more; The chemical formula in chemistry must be written down and memorized! As for the others, it is necessary to think on the basis of understanding, and if it really doesn't work, you can use experiments to deepen your impression.