What are Harold Koontz s eleven principles of management?

It's eleven schools, not eleven principles. Harold Koontz published an article entitled "On the Jungle of Management Theory Revisited" in the Review of the Management Society, Vol. 5, No. 2, 1980, arguing that the main schools of management at this time had reached eleven, namely, the empirical school, the interpersonal relationship school, the group behavior school, the social cooperation system school, the social technology system school, the decision theory school, the system school, the management science school, the contingency theory school, the manager role school, and the management process school. Koontz's article, together with his December 1961 book The Jungle of Management Theory, is generally regarded as a comprehensive summary of the management system.

Koontz proposed six schools of management, which are:

1. Management process school;

2. The empirical school or the "case" school;

3. School of Human Behavior;

4. Social Systems School;

5. School of decision theory;

6. Quantitative school.

On the basis of careful study of these management functions, Koonz and O'Donnell divided the management functions into five categories: planning, organization, personnel, and command and control, and regarded coordination as the essence of management and the result of the effective and comprehensive use of the five functions. Koontz used these management functions to analyze, research, and elaborate management theories, and eventually established the management process school.

Koontz proposed six schools of management, which are:

the School of Management Process;

the empirical school or the "case" school of thought;

the School of Human Behavior;

the Social Systems School;

School of Decision Theory;

Quantitative school.

It should be 11 copies, right?

Management Process School - Law.

The school of human behavior, Lawrence Du Apple, the school of empiricism, the school of empiricism, Peter Drucker, and the school of social systems, Chester Barnard

The School of Systems Management – Custer and Rosen Zwick

The School of Decision Theory – Herbert Simon

School of Management Science – Blackett and Beth

The Contingency Theory School – Lawrence and Lorsi

The School of Human Relations – B. F. Skinner

The school of group behavior - refer to the school of interpersonal relations

The School of Manager's Role – Henry Minzweig.

For more information, see Koontz's The Jungle of Management Theory.

According to the American management scientist Harold Koontz, the criterion for effective decision-making is the criterion of reasonableness.

The criterion of reasonableness is a term for the philosophy of science. Refers to the basis for determining reasonableness. Rationality is a meta-theoretical concept that refers to the appropriateness, foundationality, effect, or normativity of propositions about activity goals, value orientations, or preferences in the philosophy of science.

If the proposition possesses one or some of these properties, it is plausible.

The criterion of reasonableness is the specific basis for judging whether such a proposition possesses these characteristics. For example, when evaluating a scientific theory, people often use the criterion of "empirical facts", arguing that when a theory is consistent with empirical facts, it is confirmed, and when it contradicts empirical facts, it is falsified. The reason why people think that the standard of "empirical facts" is reasonable is that it is consistent with empirical facts, that is, the theory is true.

Great Dictionary of Logic:

Obviously, the criterion on which this justification is based is "truthfulness". Philosophers of science believe that the criterion of rationality is pluralistic, and in addition to the criterion of truthfulness, it can be used as the criterion of rationality, such as satisfying logic, being supported by experience, being rich in content, falsifiable, effective in solving problems, and progressive in development.

The American philosopher of science Chappell also believed that the criterion of reasonableness is modifiable and changeable; In order to avoid entering into the ...... of "reasonableness of reasonableness".The "rationale" for this modification must be returned to the scientific research practice itself in relation to the goal, value orientation, or preference of the living blind to see whether it is successful.

1..The main point of view of the school of management theory: management is a process of completing work through and with others in a formal organization. A two-part approach is used in the study of management.

2.The main point of view of the interpersonal relationship school is that management is done through or with others, so the study of management must focus on the core of interpersonal relations.

3.The main viewpoint of the group behavior school is based on sociology, anthropology and social psychology, focusing on the study of people, and believes that formal organization is an organization with a conscious and carefully planned common purpose.

4.Cooperative Social Systems School Main view: An organization is a system of activities or forces of two or more people that are consciously coordinated. The three basic elements of the collaboration system are proposed: the dichotomy of effectiveness and efficiency, the theory of acceptance of authority, and the three functions of managers.

5.Socio-technical systems school Main view: Organizations are socio-technical systems formed by technological systems and social systems, and individual attitudes and behaviors are greatly influenced by the technological systems in which people work.

6.The main view of the system school is that an organization is a system formed by many subsystems, and this system is a subsystem in the larger environmental system.

7.Mathematics or Management Science School Main Viewpoint: As long as management is a logical process, the process can be described and expressed by mathematical models, and mathematical methods can also be used to optimize the mathematical model.

8.Empirical or case school Main viewpoint: Through the study of the success and failure of managers in individual situations, people will understand how to apply methods to solve management problems in corresponding situations in the future.

9.Contingency School Main viewpoint: In enterprise management, it is necessary to adapt to changes according to the internal and external conditions of the enterprise, and there is no immutable and universally applicable "best" management theory and method.

10 School of Decision Theory Main viewpoint: The essence of management is decision-making. Replace the traditional broker model with a manager model. The principle of satisfying decision-making. Decision-making is a process. Programmatic and non-programmatic decision-making ......

11.The manager school of work Main view: Managers play 10 roles:

Interpersonal Roles Nominal Leaders Contacts (2) Information Roles Information Receivers Information Disseminators Spokespersons (3) Decision-making Roles Leaders; Troubleshooter, Resource Distributor, Negotiator.

The object of the management process school is the process and function of management. They believe that management is the process of getting work done through or with others in an organization.

Functional management of Koontz. Koontz revealed management as the functions of making things done through others, and as for the functions of management, they should be divided into five categories: planning, organizing personnel, and commanding and controlling.

1. Compared with other schools, it is the most systematic school. They start by identifying the managerial functions of managers and make this the core structure of their theory. Koontz believes that such a classification of management has the advantages of being broad-based, being able to divide enough chapters, and facilitating logical analysis.

This school of thought had a great influence on later generations, and many textbooks on management principles were written on the functions of installation management.

Second, the management functions and management principles determined by the management process school provide a basis for the training of managers. A clear distinction between managerial and non-managerial tasks (e.g., finance, production, and market transactions) allows managers to concentrate on the basic work of managers. The management process school believes that there are some common principles of management, which can be discovered using scientific methods.

The principles of management are like a beacon that enables people to discern the direction of management activities.

Summary. Harold Koontz conducted a qualitative study and proposed eight factors that affect the magnitude of management.