Why did the water and water transport of the Yellow River, which was once flourishing, gradually dec

The water transport of the Yellow River can be traced back to 4,000 years ago, from the pre-Qin period to the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, with Chang'an and Luoyang as the center, the Yellow River, the Wei River and the artificially excavated chasm constitute a water transport network. From the Sui and Tang dynasties to the Northern Song Dynasty, the Yellow River and the North-South Grand Canal, centered on Luoyang and Bianliang, pushed the water transportation of the Yellow River to a prosperous period.

In the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, the opening of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal brought the Yellow River water system shipping to its heyday. Cao Yun is an important economic measure in China's history, and it is a kind of professional transportation that uses waterways to transport grain (mainly public grain). The water transport of the Yellow River has a history of 3,000 years, and the two are closely linked.

In 1855, after the diversion of the Yellow River, the lower reaches of the Yellow River underwent major changes, with the rise of railways, highways and shipping, coupled with frequent wars, water transport facilities were repeatedly destroyed, and the Yellow River water transport gradually declined.

As the waterway traffic of the Yellow River Yuncheng section of Caoyun and for the development of the Yellow River plank road dug for the Yellow River, in the three counties of Pinglu, Xia County, Yuanqu of Yuncheng City along the left bank of the Yellow River more than 100 kilometers, there are more than 5,200 meters of plank road ruins, this Yellow River plank road and Caoyun, in China's more than 2,000 years of feudal society has played a huge role in influencing the rise and fall of dynasties.

In order to solve the problem of food and grain for the officials and people in Beijing, Qin organized wooden boats for water transportation and Chuangxing Cao Yun; Then there is the grain in the riverside area of the Caoshan East Peninsula, which goes up the river, passes through the Yellow River and the Wei River to Guanzhong, and then turns to the north.

There is a certain reason for this, in order to solve the problem of food and grain for the officials and people in Beijing, Qin Shi organized wooden boats for water transportation and Chuangxing Cao Yun;

I think that the Yellow River Yuncheng section of the Yellow River is used for waterway transportation and the Yellow River plank road dug for the development of the water transportation.

The rise of war, the repair of routes, and the low flow of water led to the gradual decline of the water and water transportation of the Yellow River, which had flourished at its peak.

Because of the rise of railways and highways, coupled with many wars, the water and water transportation of the Yellow River gradually declined.

With the advent of a peaceful environment, the army's logistics and transportation were less, which was also the reason for the decline of Caoyun. With the end of the war, logistics and military supplies were reduced, and there was much less transportation.

One is the frequent wars, and the other is the prosperity of railways and roads, so it will gradually decline.

After the diversion of the Yellow River's copper tile chamber, the lower reaches of the Yellow River underwent major changes, and later received damage and slowly declined.

With the rise of railways, highways and shipping, frequent wars, and repeated destruction of water transport facilities, water transport on the Yellow River is declining.

Ocean shipping. Advantages: large volume, low shipping costs, waterways in all directions. The vast majority of China's import and export goods are transported by ocean transportation.

Disadvantages: slow speed, high risk of sailing, and difficult to accurate sailing date.

Land. The advantages are strong flexibility, low construction investment, convenient adaptation to local conditions, and door-to-door transportation;

The disadvantage is that the unit shipping cost is relatively high.

Water transportation, the most powerful goods are very large, such as a ship in ancient times, which can carry tens of thousands of tea.

It was transported to the capital, and now it is the same for water transportation.

It's a matter of time.

It can't be as fast as land transport.

Answer] The :d Yuan Dynasty also had the opening of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, which started from Tongzhou in the north and reached Hangzhou in the south, and the cities along the river prospered. However, in the late Qing Dynasty, due to the flooding of the Yellow River and the rise of shipping, the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal went into decline. The answer is Centan D (1p31).

Dear, hello, the negative impact of Caoyun: the blockage of the transportation channel, as well as the waste and corruption of Caowu, the disadvantages of Caoyun's hardware and software, the money and grain of the southeastern provinces could not be successfully delivered to Beijing, which seriously threatened the national economy and people's livelihood of the Qing Dynasty. In modern times, the reason for the transfer of water transport from river transport to sea transport is that the sea transport volume is large, the speed is fast, the efficiency is higher than the river transport, the shipping cost is lower, and the same transport cost is only three-tenths or four tenths of the river transport.

Since the end of the Qing Dynasty, the Grand Canal has ceased to be the main artery of the national economy, which shows that the Sui-Tang Grand Canal is an important part of China's Grand Canal.

The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal and the Zhedong Grand Canal are composed of three parts. Since the end of the Qing Dynasty, the Grand Canal has ceased to be the main artery of the national economy. "This shows.

a The Grand Canal has been the main artery of our economy since ancient times.

b The Sui-Tang Grand Canal is an important part of the Grand Canal in China.

c Successive feudal dynasties attached great importance to the role of the Grand Canal.

d The excavation of the Grand Canal was the fundamental reason for the final demise of the Sui Dynasty 【Answer】b

The main test point of this question is the Grand Canal, which mainly tests students' ability to obtain effective information from materials and solve problems based on what they have learned, which is more difficult.

Analysis] From the material "Since the end of the Qing Dynasty, the Grand Canal has ceased to be the main artery of the national economy", we can see the error of item A. From the material, "the Grand Canal is composed of three parts: the Sui-Tang Grand Canal, the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, and the Zhedong Grand Canal".

Item B is correct. The Grand Canal was officially built and succeeded in the Sui Dynasty, and it is impossible for the ruler to attach importance to it before, and the error in item c. The fundamental reason for the eventual demise of the Sui Dynasty was the brutal rule of Emperor Yang of Sui, which was wrong. The correct option for this question is item b.

First of all, the value of shipping on the Yellow River is not high. Historically, the goods transported by inland waterway shipping were mostly money and grain, and the products along the Yellow River were poor, and because all dynasties and dynasties had border troops stationed, the grain produced would be digested by the garrison locally, and there was very little foreign transportation, and the demand for shipping was less.

Secondly, the Yellow River Basin.

Most of the time it was under foreign rule, whether it was Liao, Jin, or Mongolia, and there was no need for inland shipping. They live in pursuit of water and grass, this place can't stay, pack up things and go to the next place, and there is really no way, organize a group of horse teams to go to the Central Plains to rob.

Finally, the navigability of the Yellow River has been poor. Because of the above two reasons, there is no large-scale shipping on the Yellow River, and no one has dredged the waterway. Guide.

The above is basically not navigable, Guide to Zhongwei.

Only the raft is passed, Zhongwei - Yinchuan, Xixiaozhao - Hekou, Longmen - Mengjin.

And Mengjin - Taocheng shop can be connected to wooden boats, Taocheng shop - Kenli can be connected to large ships, Kenli below the channel is shallow water is not navigable.

The total navigable mileage of the three major canals in China's domestic rivers is the first: the Yangtze River is 6,300km long, excluding the source (the source to Dangqukou (Tibetan calls the river "Qu"), which is called the Tuotuo River, which is the source of the Yangtze River, 358 kilometers long), and the navigable mileage is according to (the Batang River estuary from Qukou to Yushu County, Qinghai Province, called Tongtian River, 813 kilometers long; From the mouth of the Batang River to the mouth of the Minjiang River in Yibin, Sichuan Province, known as the Jinsha River, it is 2,308 kilometers long; Yibin Minjiang estuary to the mouth of the Yangtze River, about 2,800 kilometers, commonly known as the Yangtze River) main stream navigation mileage of 5,921km. The length of the tributaries is as follows: Hanshui--- 1532 Yalong River--1500 Jialing River--1119 Dadu River--1062 Yuanjiang River---1060 Wujiang ---1018 Xiangjiang ---836 Ganjiang ---744 Minjiang ---735 Tuojiang ---623 Zishui --- 590 Qingjiang ---408 Lishui ---372 The navigable mileage of the Yangtze River is 17,520 km.

The second place is the Pearl River, with a navigable mileage of 14,156km

At present, the navigable mileage of the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal is 1442km, of which the annual navigable mileage is 877km, mainly distributed in Shandong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces south of the Yellow River, China's main river transport is concentrated in these waterways, with a total length of about 33000km