Questions and answers about the structure and function of cells

Answer] C Answer Analysis] Test Question Analysis: Chloroplasts are unique organelles of plant cells, and centrosomes are distributed in animal cells and lower plant cells, so cells with both centrosomes and chloroplasts may be lower plant cells; Cells that convert inorganic matter into organic matter do not necessarily contain chloroplasts, such as cyanobacteria; The endoplasmic reticulum membrane is connected to the nuclear membrane and the cell membrane is connected to the cell membrane, and it is the organelle with the largest membrane area in the cell. The function of vacuoles is to store (nutrients, pigments, etc.), maintain the shape of cells, and regulate osmosis and water absorption.

Therefore, choose the C test point: This question examines the structure and function of cells.

Comments: This question is intended to test the candidate's memorization ability and comprehension ability, and it is a moderately difficult question.

AA ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis, especially ribosomes in the rough endoplasmic reticulum, which are responsible for the synthesis of secreted proteins. Salivary gland cells secrete salivary amylase, which is a secreted protein, while sweat glands synthesize less protein and have fewer ribosomes.

B mitochondria are responsible for providing energy, and cardiomyocytes are constantly contracting and relaxing, which requires a lot of energy, so there are more mitochondria than salivary gland cells.

c Golgi apparatus is related to the processing of secreted proteins and other functions, so the content of Golgi apparatus in salivary gland cells is more than that of muscle cells.

There is no clear evidence for this.

B is wrong, cardiomyocyte contraction consumes a lot of energy, and there are many mitochondria.

C wrong, the cells with developed Golgi apparatus are cells with vigorous secretion, such as salivary gland cells, D wrong mesophyll cells, developed photosynthesis, and many chloroplasts.

A function of sweat gland cells: secrete sweat, sweat is mainly water and inorganic salts, so do not use salivary gland cells.

So rich in ribosomes.

d Cell differentiation is a stable change in cell structure and function, which is reflected by the type and number of organelles, so the type and number of organelles will change during the process of cell differentiation.

A Cyanobacteria cells are prokaryotic cells and do not have mitochondria.

b The endoplasmic reticulum can be directly attached to the cell membrane and can also be converted in the form of vesicles.

c Under dark conditions, chloroplasts do not photosynthesize, and there is no ATP in the substrate, but there is ADP

BA: Prokaryotes are free of pondrial bodies, but can perform aerobic respiration C: The first stage of respiration takes place in the cytoplasmic matrix, producing a small amount of ATPD: due to the selective expression of the gene.

The selection of BA prokaryotic radiochondria can also carry out respiration.

The first step of anaerobic respiration and aerobic respiration is carried out in the cytoplasmic matrix, which can produce ATP

dThe somatic cellular heritage of living organisms is identical.

The endoplasmic reticulum is an organelle that only eukaryotic cells have:

Human cells can also undergo anaerobic respiration, albeit only briefly, and the first half of respiration and digestion takes place in the cytoplasm;

Secreted proteins are the responsibility of the Golgi apparatus, and not all of them require Golgi secretion.

The following description of cell structure and function is correct that the B nucleus is the control center of cytogenetic and metabolic activity.

It's better to find a general in the dwarf, b is better.