How did Peking Opera come about?

Peking Opera: Also known as "Peking Opera". It is one of the traditional Chinese operas.

It has a history of more than 200 years. In the 55th year of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty, the four Hui tune troupes of Sanqing, Sixi, Chuntai, and Hechun, which were originally performed in the south, entered Beijing to perform, and he instructed them to cooperate with Han tune artists from Hubei to influence each other, and accepted some of the repertoire, tunes and performance methods of Kun dialect and Qin dialect, and absorbed some folk tunes, and gradually integrated, evolved, and developed. The types of characters divided according to the different genders, ages, identities, and personalities of the people in the play.

Actors often specialize in one type of role, and thus form a variety of specialized professions. For example, the average man is called born or dead; Older women are called Lao Dan; Men with rough personalities are called shelf flower faces (vice net) and so on. Each has different characteristics in the performing arts.

The division of roles gradually changed from simple to complex. Most of the modern opera genres are based on the basic types of sheng, dan, jing, end, and ugly, and each has a relatively detailed division. Such as life is divided into old students, small students, and martial students; Dan is divided into Tsing Yi, Hua Dan, Lao Dan, Wu Dan and so on.

The predecessor of Peking Opera was the Hui Class. In the 55th year of Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty (1790), the four major Hui troupes entered Beijing and absorbed a large number of achievements of various opera arts such as Kunqu opera, Beijing dialect, and Qin dialect that were popular in Beijing at that time, and at the same time were subtly influenced by Beijing's language, customs and other local cultures.

After 50 or 60 years of integration, it evolved into Peking Opera.

The opera activities in ancient Huizhou were relatively early, and they had already shown momentum in the middle of the Ming Dynasty. Wang Daokun, who was an official to the military department during the Jiajing period, was an outstanding playwright. Although he held a military position, he also wrote essays and poems, and was especially good at miscellaneous dramas, and wrote historical dramas such as "Dream of the Tang Dynasty", "Five Lakes Tour", and "Luoshui Sadness", which were popular in Huizhou.

Entering the Qing Dynasty, Huizhou's opera activities are in the ascendant, which is mainly related to Huizhou's "those who do to learn, those who do business", "business and out", the idea of combining commercial capital and gentry and giants, while developing the economy of Huizhou merchants, promoting the great development of opera culture, and entertaining and educating.

The formation of Hui opera is based on the combination of Hui and Qingyang cavity, and the exchange and integration of random playing and blowing cavity, and under the influence of Kun cavity, there is a Hui class and Hui Gang. At that time, there were four famous classes such as Qingsheng, Caiqing, Tongqing, and Yangchun. In the 55th year of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty (1790 AD), the four major Hui troupes successively performed in Beijing, causing a sensation in Beijing.

Later, in the Jiaqing and Daoguang periods, he cooperated with Han tune artists from Hubei, influenced each other, accepted some repertoire, tunes and performance methods of Kunqu Opera and Qin dialect, absorbed some folk tunes, and gradually formed a fairly complete artistic style and performance system, which evolved into Peking Opera.

Chinese Peking Opera is Chinese"Quintessence of the country", which has a history of 200 years. The name of Peking Opera began to be seen in the second year of Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty (1876) of the "Declaration", in history there were Pi Huang, Er Huang, Huang Yan, Beijing Tune, Peking Opera, Ping Opera, National Opera and other titles, the Qing Dynasty Qianlong 55 years (1790) after the four major Hui troupes entered Beijing and Beijing opera Kunqu Opera, Han Opera, Yiyang, Rantan and other types of opera.

After 50 or 60 years of integration, it evolved into Peking Opera, which is the largest opera genre in China. Its repertoire is rich, there are many performing artists, there are many troupes, there are many audiences, and the depth of influence is the highest in the country. Peking Opera is a comprehensive performing art.

It integrates singing (singing), reading (reading white), doing (acting), fighting (martial arts), and dancing (dance), and narrates stories, portrays characters, and expresses through programmed performance means"Joy, anger, sorrow, joy, shock, fear, sorrow"Feelings. Roles can be divided into: sheng (man), dan (woman), net (man), ugly (both male and female) four major professions.

The characters are divided into loyalty and treachery, beauty and ugliness, good and evil. Each image is vivid and lifelike.

1.The historical origins of Peking Opera.

Peking Opera is one of the important forms of traditional Chinese culture and art, originating in the Beijing area. Its historical origin can be traced back to the Chenghua period of the Ming Dynasty. At that time, due to the political corruption of the Ming Dynasty, the scholars lost their faith and sense of belonging, and combined religion with drama to perform drama for the purpose of saving the world, which was the original "missionary drama".

These missionary operas were passed down to the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty, and after continuous evolution, absorption and improvement, they eventually formed Peking Opera, a form of opera with its own unique style.

2.Artistic characteristics of Peking Opera.

Peking Opera is a comprehensive art form, including various elements such as singing, dancing, and opera performances. Peking Opera has the reputation of "Huangmei Opera is funny, Kunqu Opera is deep, it is easy to comment on opera, and it is the most exquisite Peking Opera in China". The singing voice is based on the five tones of flat, middle, up, go and enter, each with its own characteristics.

Dance performances are an important part of the art of Peking Opera, such as the steps and flower steps of the horns, the figure and dynamics of the chaotic origins, and so on. Compared with other operas, Peking Opera performances are more elaborate, using makeup, costumes, props and other means to show the image and emotions of the characters.

3.The development of Peking Opera.

Since the Qing Dynasty, Peking Opera has become one of the most popular forms of opera throughout the country. In the reform movement of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Peking Opera became a new cultural form against feudal culture. With the founding of the People's Republic of China, Peking Opera has been better developed and promoted, and has become one of the important representatives of traditional Chinese culture and art.

At the same time, Peking Opera has also been more widely recognized and disseminated internationally, becoming a window to show the world the traditional Chinese culture and the power of Meizhou.

4.The development of the stage art of Peking Opera.

With the changes of the times, the performance and stage forms of Peking Opera are constantly updated and evolved. From the early street performances to the current professional theaters, the stage art of Peking Opera has undergone many reforms and innovations. While inheriting the classics, the stage art of Peking Opera also constantly absorbs the stage performances and techniques of other genres, and innovates and applies them, making the modern Peking Opera stage present a richer and more diverse form.

5.The inheritance and development of Peking Opera.

As an important form of traditional Chinese culture and art, Peking Opera is not only a cultural heritage, but also a process of inheritance and development. Since modern times, many Peking Opera masters have passed on what they have learned to their apprentices, thus forming different genres and inheritance systems. At the same time, in recent years, the first and all walks of life have also given more and more attention and support to Peking Opera culture.

By strengthening the protection and inheritance of Peking Opera culture, Peking Opera will move towards a better future.

Here's what you need to know about Peking Opera:1. Peking Opera is a comprehensive performing art.

2. Peking Opera is a product of the fusion of the Hui and Han operas in Beijing.

3. Classification of Peking Opera: Tsing Yi, Hua Yi, Hua Dan, Dao Ma Dan, Wu Dan, Lao Dan.

4. There is a saying that Peking Opera has a history of 200 years since the Sanqing Class entered Beijing in 1790, but the entry of the Sanqing Class into Beijing is only a sign of the emergence of the carrier, and it is far from the emergence of a new type of Peking Opera. Therefore, it is not accurate to say that Peking Opera has been formed for 200 years.

5. The color of the Peking Opera mask is very particular, and it seems that the colorful face masks are searched for a huge number of reasons, and it is not just to look good. The colors with different exponential meanings are drawn in different pattern outlines, and the characters are characterized.