What is the danger of toxic smoke in fires

In addition to releasing a large amount of heat energy, the combustible substances can also produce a large number of toxic and harmful smoke and dust, which carry suspended particles and vapors, and there will be carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen oxides, cyanide and other complex toxic gases according to the different combustibles, which will cause poisoning manifestations ranging from mild to severe after acting on the human body, accompanied by oxygen deficiency. In recent years, the application of a large number of new composite materials has also increased the complexity of smoke composition, which can quickly kill people in serious cases. The smoke formed by the fire is a mixture of a variety of toxic substances, and its harm to the human body is much greater than that of a single toxic gas.

When people inhale low-concentration smoke, they will experience symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, weakness, headache, dizziness, etc., and lose consciousness instantly when inhaling a large amount of gas.

Most of the fires are caused by smoke. Among the various components of fire smoke, carbon monoxide is the main toxic gas. In the event of a fire, the combustion process consumes a large amount of oxygen, causing the concentration of oxygen in the air to drop dramatically. It is also possible to produce large amounts of toxic fumes.

The smoke and odor produced by fire combustion are toxic, because the composition of combustion is more complex, and the main component of harmful gases produced is dioxin, which is particularly damaging to the human respiratory tract and nervous system.

Where the fire smoke is passed, smoke and odor will be absorbed, and natural ventilation takes a long time to eliminate the odor, and it cannot be completely eliminated. Use the No. 1 plant deodorant of the oxygen bar to spray the smoked area all over the place, and use the principle of direct contact decomposition of the plant extract, which can quickly eliminate the smoky smell, and there is a little light plant taste, which feels very comfortable.

Of course, it is harmful, generally this smoke smell, if it is just the smell of burnt wood, then it is better, but the burning smell of the substances in the wood, mainly carbon dioxide;If it contains other odors, it is even more harmful. You must know that the fire is more smoked to death, and less is burned directly, and the smell produced after burning is a harmful gas. It's just that after the fire is extinguished, the gas concentration is low, but it is still a harmful gas, and it is better to inhale less.

The leading cause of death from smoke is carbon monoxide poisoning.

In the air where carbon monoxide concentrations are reached, a person will lose consciousness after two or three breaths, and die after 13 minutes of breathing. It is understood that the content of carbon monoxide in the flue gas produced by the combustion of commonly used building materials is as high. In addition, the smoke from the fire contains a lot of carbon dioxide.

Under normal circumstances, carbon dioxide is about about 2% in the air, and when its concentration reaches 2%, the person will feel difficulty breathing, and when it reaches %, the person will suffocate to death. In addition, there are some materials, such as polyvinyl chloride, nylon, wool, silk and other fibers can produce highly toxic gases when burned, which is a greater threat to people.

At the time of fire, smoke spreads 5 times faster than fire, and it produces 5-6 times more energy than fire. The direction in which the smoke flows is the way the fire spreads. Extremely hot smoke can form a fire in less than 2 minutes, and it can also pose a threat to people who are far away.

In the case of a fire in a sub-high-rise building in the United States, although the fire only burned to the fifth floor, due to the rising smoke, people also suffocated to death on the 21st floor.

To prevent fires, the home should be equipped with three fire-fighting tools, a fire extinguisher, now there is a fire at home, mainly electrical fires, extinguishing electrical fires can not be splashed with water, splashing up may be **, quilts are now chemical fiber and other flammable materials, now there are fire extinguishers in public places, and fire extinguishers at home must be the best way to extinguish fires.

2. Smoke sensor alarm, smoke sensor alarm can sense smoke for the first time, send out a piercing alarm to remind people who are sleeping in a fire, find the fire at the first time, extinguish the fire at the first time, even if it can't be extinguished, there is enough time to escape. Three smoke masks, which can filter toxic gases and can protect people from breathing fresh air for 30 minutes, are recommended for families living in high-rise buildings.

1. Carbon monoxide.

This is only an important reason why the smoke directly kills people when there is a fire, and the smoke produces a large amount of carbon monoxide, which will cause carbon monoxide poisoning and death when the human body sucks it into the lungs.

2. Carbon dioxide.

The smoke from the fire also contains a large amount of carbon dioxide, which can be fatal if the content of carbon dioxide in the air is relatively high.

3. Highly toxic gas.

The smoke emitted from a fire must contain all kinds of toxic gases, because in the process of combustion, those chemicals will release toxic gases, which is also a deadly gas leakage.