The seedlings of purple leaved plums, how to water, and how to prune purple leaved plums

Watering can be laid pipe drip irrigation, or with drainage ditch flood irrigation, so that it is not dry and watering, and watering is watered thoroughly.

The breeding methods of purple-leaved plum include cuttings, grafting, sowing, stripping, etcOur nursery uses cuttings to propagate, the specific process will not be described in detail, interested can come to the nursery in autumn to learn cuttings methods. The following will mainly talk about the experience of cultivating and growing tree shapes.

Fixed-pole planting:(The first year) is very important to set the rod, if you need a meter branch, you need to set the rod meter, 1 meter branch, then the rod meter; In order to ensure that the tree stem is straight, the first row spacing of the seedlings is 60*100 planting, and the space can grow to 2 3 cm, so the second planting is required.

Pruning and maintenance:A standard seedling (in the second year) requires advanced concepts and hard work, and the crown of the purple-leaved plum needs to be pruned more than twice to cultivate a beautiful tree shape. In the first year, 3 7 branches generally grow, and we choose to prune the crown to leave 15 25 cm of stubble before germination in spring, so that more branches will grow and the crown will be more complete and graceful.

Fertilization and growth:(3rd year) On the basis of the crown of the second year, the topmost treetop is cut off, and each branch is pruned. Purple leaf plum is a very fertilizer-tolerant plant, the growth period is sprinkled with compound fertilizer every 40 days, the fertilization is stopped in the summer high temperature and rainy season, the compound fertilizer is used 3 4 times a year, 2 3 times in spring and summer, 1 2 times in summer and autumn, and the fertilization time is arranged according to the climate.

In winter, agricultural fertilizer can be sprinkled on the ground, about 2 3 tons per mu.

Purple leaf plum seedling sowing method].

1. Sowing time: Purple leaf plum seedlings can be planted in spring and autumn, and generally choose from April to June and October to November for sowing. The climate is warm, which is more suitable for seed germination, and the germination rate is better.

Second, the sowing method:

1. Most people buy seeds, and they don't take their own seeds, so before choosing seeds, you should observe whether there are flaws in the appearance and whether the particles are full. Do not place the seeds for too long, otherwise it will affect the vitality of life.

2. Soak the selected seeds in warm water for two whole days, and remove the seeds after they have completely absorbed the water.

3. Find a flat sunny garden with fertile soil for sowing. The land is refined in advance, and the impurities are removed after deep turning, and carbendazim is used to sterilize, and finally the soft and fertile garden soil is left.

4. Sow the soaked seeds into the garden, you can dig a small pit of two centimeters in advance, put the seeds in, and spray an appropriate amount of water

After the planting of Prunus purpurea, it is shortened at about one meter in the stem height, and the first germinating branch grows most vigorously under the general cut, as the central stem extension branch, and three thicker new shoots are selected as the main branches, and the three main branches are required to be evenly distributed on the central stem, and are carried out obliquely upwards at an angle of 45 °, and the topping is carried out in the growing season to promote the branching and promote the growth of the central trunk extension branch. During the growth period, if there is uneven differentiation between the main branches, it can be adjusted by various techniques such as bracing, pulling, cutting the bud direction, and pedaling the inside bud.

When pruning in the winter of the second year, the main trunk extension branch should be appropriately shortened, and the strong buds should be left at the cutting edge, in the opposite direction of the previous year, so as to ensure the straightness of the main trunk; The three main branches are truncated to different degrees according to their growth, and the outer buds are cut to keep the macro and dig the outer buds, so as to continue to expand the canopy. During the growth period, attention should be paid to the growth of steep branches, or thinning or topping.

In the third year, when pruning in winter, continue to stub the main trunk extension branches, and at the same time, leave the second layer of main branches and shorten them to expand the canopy. Other branches on the main trunk, as long as their initial reading does not exceed one-third of the thickness of the main trunk of the raw part, can be left long without pruning, if too thick, to retract to the outward short branches.

In the fourth year, the third main branch is selected. In addition, when the main branches are pruned in winter, they should be gradually equipped with an appropriate number of side branches, and attention should be paid to the staggered distribution. In the future, as long as the dead branches, diseased and insect branches, inward branches, overlapping branches, and crossed branches are pruned in the next year; For the excessively long and weak branches, they should be retracted and rejuvenated in time.

Propagation by cuttings of Prunus purpurea:Late November to mid-December.

2.Cuttings method:Before cuttings, the branches that have just been cut or stored in the wet sand are cut off the weak branches and the dry and shrunken parts of the water loss, and then the long branches are cut from the bottom to the top of the belt, and the long shoots are 10 12 cm long and have 3 5 buds.

The lower end of the cuttings near the bud is cut into a smooth slope to increase the contact surface between the cambium layer and the soil, which is conducive to rooting. The upper end of the cuttings is cut into a flat surface at a distance of centimeters from the bud eye. After the cuttings are cut, the lower end of the bevel should be immediately immersed in clean water and soaked for 15 to 20 hours, so that the cuttings can fully absorb enough water.

Use 50 10 6ABT6 rooting powder to prepare rooting Yu Zheng agent in proportion, dip and dip cuttings to facilitate rooting. The cuttings are inserted into the soil with a spacing of 5 5 cm in rows, and the buds at the upper end are exposed to the ground by centimeters. Immediately after cuttings, water is released to irrigate so that the cuttings are closely connected with the soil.

After the ground is slightly dry, cover it with a double-layer mulch film to protect moisture, and at the same time build a small plastic arch shed with a height of 1 meter and the same width as the furrow surface on the furrow surface to facilitate heat preservation and cold.

3.Cuttings management:If the seedbed has a mulch film and a small arch shed, it can be kept for a long time without irrigation, such as the soil under the mulch film is dry, and then irrigated once along the furrow.

When the minimum temperature drops to minus 5, a straw curtain should be added outside the arch shed to prevent freezing and insulation; After the minimum temperature rises to 0, the straw curtain is uncovered during the day, and the grass curtain is surrounded by grass at night; When the minimum temperature reaches more than 5, the arch should be opened during the day and the wind should be properly released to prevent the seedlings from being burned by high temperature. At the beginning of March, when the seedlings are 3 5 cm high, the mulch film is uncovered during the day to ventilate the seedlings, and the ventilation volume is gradually increased with the growth of the seedlings. From mid to late March to early April, take care to keep the seedbed moist.

In mid-April, remove the greenhouse film, apply fertilizer, weeding, and watering in time.

4.Transplant management:In late April, transplantation is performed after 4 p.m. on a rainy or sunny day.

Before the seedlings, the seedbed is filled with enough water to help the seedlings reduce the damage to the roots, and the roots can carry more soil. Seedlings are now planted to improve the survival rate of transplantation. The row spacing between the plants at the time of transplantation is 20 cm to 30 cm.

Before transplantation, 4 to 5 tons of rotting farmhouse fertilizer and tons of ternary compound fertilizer with a content of 15% were applied per mu, and transplanted after deep ploughing and fine raking. After planting, water enough, keep the seedling field not dry but not wet, and strengthen the control of diseases, insects and weeds. At the beginning of June, before rainy days or before soil drought irrigation, tons of urea were sprinkled per acre to promote seedling growth.

In that year, the average height of transplanted seedlings could reach about meters, and the ground diameter was centimeters.

Purple-leaved plums can be grown hydroponically. But there are a few things to be aware of:

Water quality: It is best to use purified water or tap water that has been filtered and precipitated during hydroponics to avoid excessive impurities and chloride ions in the water.

Nutrients: Hydroponics needs to add an appropriate amount of nutrient solution, including basic elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements, to meet the growth needs of Prunus purpurea.

Oxygen: Hydroponics needs to ensure that the oxygen content in the water is sufficient, which can be ensured by adding oxygen pumps or changing the water regularly.

Light: Prunus purpurea needs plenty of light, so hydroponics can be done in a well-lit area or use an artificial light source to provide enough light.

It should be noted that hydroponic planting needs to pay more attention to the ratio of nutrient solution and water quality control, otherwise it may lead to abnormal growth or death of plants.

When transplanting purple-leaved plums, the temperature should be controlled between 15 and 25, and the branches should be pruned to promote the growth of the main branches. When transplanting, you need to choose soil containing vermiculite, perlite, peat, humus, put the seedlings of purple leaf plum into the middle of the soil, fill with coarse stone sand with a thickness of 2 cm, water thoroughly, and cover with a thin layer of plastic film to keep the soil moist.

Transplanting is usually carried out in late November, and the temperature needs to be controlled between 15 and 25. Before transplanting the purple-leaved plum, the plant needs to be pruned, the healthy and strong branches are shortened, the side branches and branches and leaves are all cut off, and only the top 2 4 branches and leaves need to be retained.

The pruned purple-leaved plum branches were coated with carbendazim and placed in a ventilated and semi-shaded environment to dry. When transplanting, you need to choose the soil containing vermiculite, perlite, peat, humus, and at the bottom of the soil, you can apply a small amount of rotted and fermented circle fertilizer or farmhouse fertilizer.

When transplanting, it is necessary to insert the seedlings of purple leaf plum vertically into the middle of the hole, and then fill with coarse stone and sand with a thickness of 2 cm, insert a few holes in the soil surface, and then water the horse dust until the water can penetrate the bottom of the soil, and cover it with a thin layer of plastic film to keep the soil moist.

After transplanting, wait until 5 days have passed, and water again, and the water should be thoroughly watered. After the watering is completed, wait until the soil is dry, timely soil sealing weir, the thickness of the soil is 30 40 cm, the soil needs to be compacted, and a small amount of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer is applied after the purple leaf plum grows for 15 to 20 days.

1. After planting, the purple-leaved plum is shortened at 1 meter, and the topping should be plucked during the growing season, so as to promote the differentiation of the trunk and the growth of branches. Generally, the first germination branch under the cutting grows the most vigorously, as the central stem extension branch, and leaves three thicker new shoots as the main branch, which requires the three main branches to be evenly distributed on the central stem, and is carried out obliquely upwards at an angle of 45 °, if there is uneven differentiation between the main branches during the growth period, it can be adjusted by a variety of techniques such as bracing, pulling, cutting the bud direction, and kicking the inside bud outside.

2. After the purple-leaved plum enters the dormant or semi-dormant period in winter, it is necessary to cut off the thin, diseased, dead and overly dense branches, and it is also necessary to properly pluck or remove the purple leaf plum according to the growth of the purple-leaved plum.