How to judge polar and non polar covalent bonds

Na2O has two O's?

If you are talking about two Na, then pay attention to their structure, the structure of Na2O2 is roughly Na O-O Na (the outermost electron is not drawn), where O-O is a peroxide ion, negative divalent, and there is a non-polar covalent bond between two oxygen atoms. The peroxide ion is connected to the NA by an ionic bond. The structure of Na2O is roughly Na o Na (the outermost electron is not drawn), Na is separated by O, and Na generally forms ionic bonds with other elements.

In Na2O2 there is an ionic bond between Na and peroxide ions, and there is also a non-polar covalent bond inside the peroxide ion, as long as there is an ionic bond compound, it is considered to be an ionic compound, so although there is a covalent bond in Na2O2, it is an ionic compound.

As for H2O2 and H2O, the structure is basically the same as that of Na2O2 and Na2O, except that hydrogen and oxygen in H-O-O-H (hydrogen peroxide) are covalently bonded, so there are only covalent bonds in H2O2 (non-polar O-O and polarity of H-O), which is a covalent compound.

Whereas, the structure of H2O is H-O-H, and the two Hs are separated by O, so it also has no non-polar covalent bonds.

a-a, non-polar covalent bonds are formed between the same non-metal atoms.

a-b, polar covalent bonds are formed between different non-metallic atoms.

The order of the atoms in Na2O2 is Na o o Na, in which the sodium atom each loses one electron, and the two oxygen atoms share a pair of electrons to form a non-polar covalent bond, and then each oxygen atom gets an electron of the sodium atom to form a stable structure of the outermost 8 electrons.

There is only one oxygen atom in Na2O and its atomic order is Na o Na, each sodium atom loses one electron to give oxygen atoms, and all three atoms reach a stable structure of 8 electrons in the outermost shell, and there is no covalent bond here.

The order of the atoms in H2O2 is H - o - o - H, the oxygen atom forms a non-polar bond with the oxygen atom, and the oxygen atom forms a polar covalent bond with the hydrogen atom.

The atoms in H2O are arranged in the order of H-O-H, and there are only polar covalent bonds formed by oxygen atoms and hydrogen atoms, and there are no non-polar covalent bonds.

Na2O2, an ionic compound, has a non-polar covalent bond of O-O within peroxide ions.

Na2O is simply an ionic bond and has no covalent bond.

Non-polar covalent bonds are usually between the same elements, such as oxygen molecules, hydrogen molecules, and chlorine molecules.

Polar covalent bonds are usually between different elements, and although they are common electron pairs, they are relatively biased towards that atom because of the strong non-metallic nature of one of the atoms. For example, H-Cl covalent bonds for HCl and H-O covalent bonds for H2O.

The covalent bond of H2O2 has H-O-O-H, where O-H is a polar bond and O-O is a non-polar bond.

A non-polar covalent bond refers to a covalent bond formed by two identical yards. Sodium peroxide is a covalent bond of two oxygen to form a peroxide, and only one oxygen and sodium form an ionic bond in sodium oxide.

First, the characteristics are different:

1. Polar covalent bond: a covalent bond formed between atoms of the same element, sharing electron pairs in the middle of the two atoms that form a bond, and is not deflected to either side.

2. Non-polar covalent bonds: The bonds formed between the atoms of different elements are all polar bonds, and the shared electron pairs are biased towards the side of the strong atoms of non-metallic nature, which is called polar bonds with partial positive and negative charges.

Second, the conditions are different:

1. Polar covalent bonds: it is not only possible to form polar covalent bonds between non-metallic elements, but also polar covalent bonds (such as Alcl3) can be formed between metals and non-metals.

2. Non-polar covalent bonds: Non-polar covalent bonds exist in elemental substances and also exist in some compounds, and molecules composed entirely of non-polar bonds must be non-polar molecules.

Polar covalent bond formation conditions

It is not only non-metallic elements that can form polar covalent bonds, but also polar covalent bonds (such as AlCl3) can be formed between metals and non-metals.

In polar bonds, the greater the difference in the non-metallic properties of the bonding elements, the more obvious (stronger) the polarity of the covalent bond; The smaller the difference in the non-metallicity of the bonding elements, the less pronounced (weaker) the polarity of the covalent bond.

The above content refers to: Encyclopedia - Polar Covalent Bonds.

1. The common elements are different.

A non-polar covalent bond is formed between atoms of the same element, sharing electron pairs in the middle of two bonded atoms. Polar covalent bondsThe bonds formed between the atoms of different elements are polar bonds.

2. The deflection is different.

Non-polar covalent bonds are not deflected to either side, and this type of covalent bond is called a non-polar bond. Polar covalent bonds share electron pairs that favor the side of the strong non-metallic atoms, and this kind of partial positive and negative charge is called a polar bond.

Here's an example. HCl molecule, in HCl molecule, Cl is much more non-metallic (oxidizing) than H, so the electrons are obviously biased towards Cl, and Cl is negative.

Non-polar bonds can exist in elemental molecules (such as H-H bonds in H2, O=O bonds in O2, N N bonds in N2), and compounds composed of two non-metallic elements with relatively symmetrical molecular structures also have non-polar covalent bonds (such as BF3, C2H2, SO3, CH4, CCL4, SIF4, C2H4, C6H6, PCL5, etc.). As long as the molecular structure is not symmetrical, it is a polar bond.

There are 3 ways to determine whether a covalent bond is a polar or non-polar bond

If the bonding atom is an atom of the same element, a non-polar bond is formed, otherwise a polar bond is formed;

If the bonding electron pair is not biased towards a particular bonding atom, a non-polar bond is formed, otherwise a polar bond is formed;

If the bonding atom is not electrically conductive, a non-polar bond is formed, otherwise a polar bond is formed.

Without considering the delocalized and coordination keys, the method and method are essentially equivalent.

The method cannot be used as a basis for judgment, because an atom can form multiple covalent bonds with the same atom and different kinds of atoms at the same time, and a polar bond can be formed between an atom and different kinds of proto-amutons, thus showing electricality, and a non-polar bond is formed between the same atom, so the atom with electrical properties can form a non-polar bond, that is, the method is wrongly judged.

The difference between polar covalent bonds and non-polar covalent bonds isFirst, the meaning is different:

The bonds formed between the atoms of different elements are polar bonds. The shared electron pairs are biased towards the side of the strong non-metallic atoms, and this kind of partial positive and negative charge is called a polar bond. Elements containing only non-polar bonds are generally formed from non-metallic elements;Compounds that contain only polar bonds are generally formed from different non-metallic elements.

Second, the composition is different:

Covalent bonds are composed of atoms, which are formed by the electrical action of the two nuclei produced by the shared electron pairs (electron cloud overlap), and form covalent bonds when non-metallic elements form elemental or compound elements, such as: Cl2, Ccl4, H2O, HF, covalent bonds formed between atoms of the same element, and the shared electron pairs are in the middle of the two atoms that form bonds, and do not deflect to either side, this covalent bond is called a non-polar bond.

Atom. The interaction formed between them by sharing electron pairs is called a covalent bond and can be either an attractive or repulsive force. In compound molecules, when different atoms form covalent bonds, because the atoms have different abilities to attract electrons, the shared electron pairs will be biased towards the side with strong electron attraction ability, the one with strong electron attraction ability is negative, and the atom with weak electron attraction ability is positive.

First, the characteristics are different:

1. Polar covalent bonds:

A covalent bond formed between atoms of the same element shares electron pairs in the middle of the two atoms forming a bond and does not deflect to either side.

2. Non-polar covalent bonds:

The bonds formed between the atoms of different elements are all polar bonds, and the shared electron pairs are biased towards the side of the strong atoms of non-metallic nature, and this kind of partial positive and negative charge is called a polar bond.

2. Existence conditions:

1. Polar covalent bonds:

It is not only non-metallic elements that can form polar covalent bonds, but also polar covalent bonds (such as AlCl3) can be formed between metals and non-metals.

2. Non-polar covalent bonds:

Non-polar covalent bonds are found in elemental substances and also in some compounds, and molecules that are composed entirely of non-polar bonds must be non-polar molecules (but some non-polar molecules contain polar bonds).

It's as simple as seeing if the two atoms forming a bond are atoms of the same element.

1. The covalent bond formed by the same element is a non-polar covalent bond.

The same element has the same electronegativity, the shared electron pair is located in the middle of the two atoms, and the bond has no polarity.

2. The covalent bonds formed by different elements are polar covalent bonds.

Different elements have different electronegativity, and the shared electron pair is biased towards atoms with high electronegativity, forming polar covalent bonds.