Is hematopoietic stem cell storage useful? Is it legal for stem cells to be preserved

Theoretically, umbilical cord blood is rich in hematopoietic stem cells, which can rebuild the human hematopoietic and immune system, and can be used for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, ** blood system, immune system, as well as hereditary metabolic and congenital diseases.

However, the theory is plump, and the reality is skinny.

In fact, in the field of hematological diseases, it is less likely that you may use your own umbilical cord blood.

First of all, if it is used for blood diseases such as leukemia, the amount of hematopoietic stem cells is proportional to the weight of the person, and a person weighing one kilogram needs about 100 million hematopoietic stem cells for transplantation, but the number of stem cells in umbilical cord blood is limited, and usually people over 45 kg cannot meet the needs of transplantation through stem cells in cord blood.

Secondly, for pediatric hematologic diseases, the incidence of childhood leukemia is very low, and among these leukemia cases, about 80% belong to acute lymphoblastic leukemia, which generally does not require transplantation, only chemotherapy can be used**; For the remaining small number of children with leukemia who need transplantation, most do not recommend the use of homogeneous autologous cord blood stem cell transplantation, but choose bone marrow transplantation as much as possible. Because autologous umbilical cord blood stem cells may already contain leukemia cells or pre-leukemia cells, and the immune cells of umbilical cord blood are underdeveloped, autologous stem cell transplantation has a high potential risk, high rate, and low survival rate.

Of course, medicine has been advancing, umbilical cord blood contains a large number of hematopoietic stem cells, and its future medical application value is very high, and stem cell research is carried out extensively around the world.

It must be useful, some people may not use it for life, and some people may use it.

Cryopreservation of stem cells is to extract blood from the human body, then isolate the immune cells, and finally store the immune cells at ultra-low temperature for a long time.

Cryopreserved stem cells can be taken out in time when the body is seriously ill in the future**. If possible, you can consider it.

It is legal to store stem cells in a formal and legal institution.

With the approval of the National Health and Family Planning Commission, the "Blood Station Practice License" can only be carried out through the practice acceptance to carry out the relevant umbilical cord blood collection and supply business, one province and one library, and it is strictly forbidden to collect illegal blood across regions, which shall be supervised and supervised by the provincial health administrative department. Cord blood must be stored in a legal and qualified cord blood bank in order to be protected.

The Ministry of Health's "Measures for the Management of Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cell Bank" (for trial implementation) stipulates.

Article 2 Umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem cell bank refers to a special blood bank that has the ability to collect, process, preserve and provide hematopoietic stem cells for the purpose of human hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and has considerable research strength. No unit or individual may carry out cord blood collection and supply activities for profit.

Article 22 The umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem cell bank must implement the provisions on the management of blood collection and supply in China's "Measures for the Administration of Blood Banks" (Provisional).

Article 23 The umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem cell bank must strictly abide by various technical operating procedures and systems for the collection and supply of umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem cells. Personnel involved in the collection, processing and management of umbilical cord blood should meet the requirements in the Technical Specifications for Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cell Banking.

Technical Specifications for Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cell Banks shall be formulated separately by the health administrative department.

Article 24 Units and individuals that have not obtained the practice license of the umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem cell bank shall not carry out the business of collecting and supplying umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem cells.

Article 25 The collection of umbilical cord blood shall follow the principle of voluntary and informed consent. In addition to the informed consent form signed by both parties and the buyer, it should meet the relevant requirements of medical ethics.

Article 26 The clinical application unit can only accept the umbilical cord blood provided by the umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem cell bank with a practice license. The umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem cell bank can only provide umbilical cord blood for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation to clinical units that have experience and foundation in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and are equipped with sterile wards and other necessary facilities required for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and have been approved by the provincial health administrative department.

Article 27: When it is necessary to provide umbilical cord blood for transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells to overseas medical units for humanitarian purposes to meet the need to save lives and help the wounded, formalities should be handled in strict accordance with the relevant provisions of the Measures for the Protection and Management of Genetic Resources in our country.

Article 28 The umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem cell bank shall ensure the quality of the umbilical cord blood provided, the quantity and activity of hematopoietic stem cells, the requirements for HLA matching, and the detection of pathogens. Those that have not been inspected or fail to pass the inspection shall not be provided to medical institutions.

Stem cell banking can be used to preserve an individual's stem cells for future disease or to replace damaged tissue. For families, storing an individual's stem cells can provide future medical protection for family members and provide them with more options for treatment.

Theoretically, there is no health effect on the body, but in practice there is ***. This effect is present during surgery and blood drawing. According to foreign studies, about 51,024 hematopoietic stem cell heterologous transplants were completed, of which 27,770 were bone marrow transplants and 23,254 were peripheral blood transplants.

Of these 51,024 donors, 5 donors died, including 1 case of Tangerine Ant who died after bone marrow donation and 4 cases died of peripheral blood donation, with a mortality rate of about 10,000 people. There were 37 cases of serious adverse reactions, with a chance of causing illness in about 10,000 people, of which 12 were after bone marrow transplantation (10,000 people) and 25 were after peripheral blood transplantation (10,000 people). In addition, about 20 donors developed malignant hematologic tumors (10,000 people), including 8 donors after bone marrow transplantation and 12 donors after peripheral blood stem cell donation.

The incidence of malignant hematologic tumors is not higher than that of normal age- and sex-related pathogenesis.

Conclusion: There may be a risk of lethality or serious adverse reactions in the donation of bridge-building blood stem cells, which is small but does exist. The human body is a very complex and wonderful organism, and current science is unclear about many functions and mechanisms.

Hematopoietic stem cells are the most mysterious cells, and the onset of leukemia is the result of various factors interfering with it. The collection of hematopoietic stem cells currently requires human interference, so unless science and technology are developed in the future, the collection will be quiet, and it will not interfere with the hematopoietic function at all, and a very small part will be collected from the body, which will be eliminated.