Difference Between Embryonic Cells and Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic cells refer to the cells in the embryo, that is, the cells of the embryonic part can be called this name, regardless of the period or part of the embryonic cell. Embryonic stem cells refer to stem cells that can differentiate into embryonic cells with different functions and at different stages at different sites.

Stem cells are a term that distinguishes them from differentiated unipotent cells, embryonic cells are totipotent, and some cells still have the potential to differentiate into other types of cells after a period of differentiation, which is embryonic stem cells; The other part of the cell loses this property and becomes a kind of pluripotent or unipotent stem cell.

Personally, embryonic stem cells are a collective term for cells that are part of the next stage of embryonic cell development.

Hello, first of all, you have to understand that stem cells can be divided into three types according to the size of their differentiation potential: totipotent stem cells, pluripotent stem cells and unipotent stem cells. As the name suggests, totipotent stem cells can develop into any kind of cell in the body, and the zygote can also be regarded as the most initial totipotent stem cell.

Pluripotent stem cells have the potential to differentiate into a variety of cell tissues, and bone marrow pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells are a typical example, which can differentiate into at least twelve types of blood cells, but not other cells outside the hematopoietic system. Single-potent stem cells can only differentiate into one type or two closely related types of cells, such as stem cells in the basal layer of epithelial tissue, myoblasts in muscle. Embryonic stem cells are cells isolated from the cell mass within the blastocyst (about 3-7 days after fertilization).

Mouse embryonic stem cells can differentiate into a variety of cells in vitro, including nerve cells, hematopoietic stem cells, and cardiomyocytes. However, embryonic stem cells cannot develop into the placenta. So if the mouse embryonic stem cells are implanted directly into the uterus, they will not develop into individuals because there are no trophoblast cells necessary for implantation.

Under these conditions, embryonic stem cells are considered pluripotent rather than totipotent. But apart from not being able to form a placenta, he is omnipotent.

Embryonic stem cells – totipotent stem cells – have the potential for unlimited differentiation and can differentiate into various types of cells (non-directional).

Adult stem cells (of two types) – pluripotent stem cells – have the potential to differentiate into a variety of tissue cells, such as bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells.

Pluripotent stem cells (unipotent stem cells) - derived from pluripotent stem cells, they are the lowest developmental stem cells and can only differentiate into a certain type of cell, such as neural stem cells.

Adult stem cells are found in many tissues in the human body, but in few cases.

Adult stem cells lack the ability to differentiate from embryonic stem cell pluripotency.

Embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells do not have to worry about rejection and do not need to use immunosuppressants.

What is the difference between adult stem cells and embryonic stem cellsEmbryonic stem cells are the most differentiated cells, but they have the disadvantage that they have obvious ethical limitations and are likely to lead to human cloning that humans do not want to see. Embryonic stem cells are highly differentiated cells that are likely to be more cancerous than normal cells.

ES cells have a morphological structure similar to that of early embryonic cells, with a large nucleus, one or several nucleoli, mostly euchromatin in the nucleus, less cytoplasm, and a simple structure. When cultured in vitro, the cells are closely aligned and grow in a colony-like pattern. Stained with alkaline phosphatase, the ES cells are brownish-red, while the surrounding fibroblasts are yellowish.

There is a clear boundary between the cell clone and the surrounding area, and the clonal cells formed are not clearly demarcated from each other, and there are lipid droplets with strong refraction on the cell surface. Cell clones are morphologically diverse, and most of them are island-like or nest-shaped. The diameter of mouse ES cells is 7 m 18 m, and the color of porcine, bovine and sheep ES cells is darker and 12 m 18 m in diameter.

What kind of stem cells do embryonic stem cells belong to?

a.Totipotent stem cells.

b.Pluripotent stem cells.

c.Unipotent stem cells.

d.Developmental stem cells.

Correct Answer: Waiter Return A

Embryonic stem cells (ESCs, or ESC cells). Embryonic stem cells are a type of cells isolated from early embryos (before gastrulation) or primitive gonads, which have the characteristics of infinite proliferation, self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation in vitro culture. ES cells can be induced to differentiate into almost all cell types in the body, both in vitro and in vivo.

Function of embryonic stem cells: Embryonic stem cells are pluripotent and characterized by the ability to form a variety of tissues (all tissues, including germline cells) through cellular differentiation.

All cells carry the full set of genetic information of an organism, but differentiated cells, such as blood, bones, and nerve cells, call only the part of DNA that is relevant to their own function**, and the rest** will be attached to methyl clusters, and gene expression will be suppressed. The lower the degree of methylation, the more open the genome and the greater the potential for cell differentiation.

Embryonic stem cells are not pluripotent stem cells, and embryonic stem cells belong to totipotent stem cells. Totipotent spinal stem cells are defined as potential cells that can differentiate into complete individuals in various tissues and organs, which is also an important marker attribute of embryonic stem cells. Able to develop into cells with the potential of a complete individual with various tissues and organs, such as embryonic stem cells.

Totipotent stem cells refer to stem cells that have unlimited differentiation potential and can differentiate into all tissues and organs. In other words, it has the potential for differentiation of complete individuals. Embryonic stem cells fall into this category.