The history of the Khalkha Mongols, the history of the Qarakhanid is the history of China

Kashgar, the full name of "Kashgar", the ancient name of "Shule".

Kashgar is a typical oasis city. At the end of the Qin Dynasty and the beginning of the Han Dynasty, today's Kashgar region, as well as the vast areas of Artush, Aktao, Wucha and other places, all belonged to the Western Regions City Capital States, and there were many small countries in the territory. Most of the countries are bounded by oases, and each occupies an oasis.

At that time, Shule was located on the Kashgar Oasis, with developed agriculture and a central city, becoming a "country of urban outlines" that was quite famous on the "Silk Road" at that time. ”

Qarakhanid dynasty.

Qara Khanid), also known as Hu Shen's "Black Khan", is an ancient Chinese calendar imitating the northwest region.

The Uighurs and the Qarluqs and other ethnic groups are in present-day Xinjiang and Central Asia.

The establishment of the feudal regime. <>

The Khalkha Mongols of the Ming Dynasty of China were one of the 60,000 households of Dayan Khan. In 1638, he paid tribute to the Qing Dynasty, and in the twenty-seventh year of Kangxi (1688), his feudal lord led the people to return to the Qing Dynasty. In the third year of Yongzheng (1725), it was divided into 4 divisions and 86 banners, which belonged to Waizasak, and still used the Khalkha Mongolian name, which belonged to the Lifan Yuan, and was controlled by the left deputy general of Uriya Sutai Dingbian.

In 1911, its feudal lords declared "autonomy" at the instigation of Tsarist Russia. In 1915, China, Russia and Mongolia signed a treaty, and Outer Mongolia recognized that its sovereignty belonged to China. In 1919 "autonomy" was abandoned.

In 1921, the People's Revolution took place, and on July 11 of the same year, a constitutional monarchy was established**. In November 1924, the constitutional monarchy was abolished and a people's republic was established. In January 1946, China** recognized its independence.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, diplomatic relations were established with the Mongolian People's Republic. The Khalkha Mongols are mainly engaged in animal husbandry, raising sheep, goats, cattle and horses. Some areas began to engage in agriculture, growing wheat and potatoes; Handicrafts, mining and animal processing industries have also developed.

Mongolia is a vast and sparsely populated steppe country with a population of 2.4 million (1995) and an average population density per square kilometre. Among them, the Khalkha Mongols account for about 80% of the country's population. In addition, there are 15 ethnic minorities such as Kazakh, Dulbot, Bayat, Buryatia, etc.

In the past, about 40 per cent of the population lived in the countryside, and since the 90s of the 20th century, 80 per cent of the total population has lived in cities, of which 1 4 of the total number of residents in the country have lived in Ulaanbaatar. The agricultural population is mainly made up of nomadic herders who raise livestock. The inhabitants mainly believe in Lamaism, which is the state religion according to the provisions of the Law on Relations between the State and Temples.

There are also some inhabitants who practice the indigenous Yellow religion and Islam.

Tümed Tumert, Chahar Chahar, Ordos Ordos, Barga, Balhu.

Myangad (Mingad), Mingat Eljigin, Eljigin, Eljigin.

Zakhchin, Zahaqin.

Darkhad Darhardt.

The name of the Mongol tribes in Mobei in the Qing Dynasty. It was first seen in the Ming Dynasty and was named after its distribution in the Khalkha River. At the end of the 15th century, after the 15th grandson of Genghis Khan, the emperor of Yuan Taizu, Batu Mengke (Dayan Khan), unified eastern Mongolia, he merged the unrelated large and small territories of Monan and Mobei into 60,000 households, divided into two wings, left and right, and 30,000 households on each wing.

The Khalkha Wanhu belonged to the left wing, with a total of 12 departments. The inner five tribes lived east of the Khalkha River, and Batu Menk conferred the title of the fifth son, Alchuborot; The outer seven departments lived in Hexi, and were awarded the title of the youngest son, Ge Senza Zha Lai Erhui. After the death of Batu Mengke, the inner five tribes gradually migrated south, and the flag was formed in the early Qing Dynasty, which belonged to the Inner Jasak (that is, Inner Mongolia) banner; Ge Senzha stayed in his hometown, still called the department of Khalkha, "more than 10,000 people for the seven banners", awarded seven people to lead, the jurisdiction gradually expanded, according to the desert north region (that is, Outer Mongolia), east of Hulunbuir, west to the Altai Mountains, south of the desert, north of the border with Russia.