What are the factors that limit telescopes from going farther?

Guy from Mars, you've only been in contact with humans for a few days.

Usually people actually come into contact with telescopes, and most people should be able to know that telescopes can help you see things far away, and you usually use telescopes to look at the stars. The telescope can be adjusted, and the magnification is what does it have to do with that?

In fact, I will use telescopes to look at the stars in the sky, and the telescope does provide a lot of convenience for everyone. The telescope can be magnified, and the magnification can be further adjusted, we have no way to see very far things with the naked eye, but we can see things very far away with the help of the telescope, the distance seen by the human eye is very limited, but the magnification of the telescope is very much, and ordinary telescopes can magnify 10 times. The reason why the telescope can be magnified is actually because of the lens of the telescope, which can actually help everyone to take multiple images, and then you can magnify the magnification.

Here I will also give you a detailed introduction to telescopes, although everyone usually comes into contact with telescopes in life, but everyone may not know so much about telescopes. There are some telescopes with special structures, which can actually measure the length. Although this lens is not reflective, it allows the telescope lens to be smaller than the focal length.

But the magnification of the telescope is not the bigger the better, the magnification of the telescope must be moderate, if you adjust the magnification of the telescope to too large, you may find that your eyes are particularly tired, and looking at it for a long time will cause you to be very nauseous.

Therefore, you must use the telescope correctly, and you must check the relevant characteristics of the telescope in advance. Generally speaking, the larger the magnification of the telescope, the smaller the area you observe.

The telescope can be adjusted and the magnification is mainly related to the lens of the telescope, and the imaging of the telescope is a problem of multiple imaging, and the magnification is equal to the focal length of the objective lens divided by the focal length of the eyepiece.

This matter is related to the design and structure of the telescope, and also borrows the principle of convex lens. That's why you can adjust and magnify.

It is related to the focal length of the objective lens of the telescope and the focal length of the eyepiece, and it is related to the distance, and it is also calculated according to the diameter of the focal length imaging.

I think it's about the angle, it's about the lenses, so we have to look at it sensibly.

The human eye can see things depends on two conditions, size and brightness.

Telescopes can see farther targets for two reasons:

By refracting or reflecting light (different types of telescopes have different principles), telescopes magnify the angle of view, that is, magnify the image of the target, making it easier for us to identify.

The main reason for the error: according to the error transmission formula of Young's elastic modulus, it can be seen that 1. The error mainly depends on the slight change of the wire and the diameter of the wire.

2. When measuring the diameter of the wire, due to the existence of an oval, there are systematic errors and random errors in the measured diameter.

3. When measuring the experimental data, because the wire is not absolutely stationary, there is a random error in the reading.

4. The meter ruler is often not straightened when used, and there is a certain error.

When adjusting the telescope, the reticle in the telescope must be placed on the focal plane of the objective lens strictly to facilitate the observation of parallel light. Because the telescope is constructed with the objective lens in front and the eyepiece in the back, the parallel rays in the distance should first be focused through the objective lens, and then turn back into parallel or nearly parallel rays on the eyepiece, so that people can clearly see distant objects.

The telescope was invented by Hans Lieber, a Dutch optician, who invented the telescope in 1608 after repeated experiments by putting two lenses in a tube.

It was invented by Galileo Galilei in 1609 as the first practical telescope for scientific use, and the telescope is now becoming more powerful and can be seen farther away.

The Hooker Telescope was built in 1917 at the Mount Wilson Observatory in California, USA, and the telescope allowed Hubble to discover the fact that the universe was expanding.

Radio telescopes themselves work by receiving electrical signals. In other words, just like a TV signal antenna, the bigger the thing, the stronger the signal it receives. And it's really not too difficult to make a "big antenna" for the current earth humans, so it's often very big.

And optical telescopes - you have to analyze specific things in detail. Optical telescopes are made of glass, in other words. Glass itself can't make a large piece of homogeneous optical glass, and if you make a large one, you can't do it well (there will always be bubbles in it, unevenness, stress residue, etc., etc.).

If you make a large optical telescope, then the center part of the lens is too thick, and the absorption loss of light is too much, resulting in a decrease in performance.

The principle of radio telescopes is similar to that of optical reflecting telescopes, in that the projected electromagnetic waves are reflected by a precise mirror surface and reach the public focus in phase. It is easy to achieve in-phase focusing with a rotating parabola as a mirror, so radio telescope antennas are mostly parabolic. With a mean square error rate of no more than 16 10 on the surface of a radio telescope and an ideal parabola, the telescope is generally able to operate effectively in the radio wavelength band with wavelengths greater than .

The basic principle of an optical telescope is the refraction of light. It relies on the two lenses that make up the telescope. In front of the telescope there is a convex lens with a large diameter and a long focal length, called an objective lens; The lens at the back has a small diameter and a short focal length, which is called an eyepiece.

The objective lens gathers the light from the distant scene behind it into an inverted and reduced real image, which is equivalent to moving the distant scene closer to the imaging place at once. And the inverted image of this scene falls exactly in front of the eyepiece, so that looking at the eyepiece is like looking at something with a magnifying glass, and you can see a virtual image magnified many times. In this way, a far, far away scene will appear as if it is close to you in front of you in the telescope.

The difference in resolution density is largely due to the different frequencies of the electromagnetic waves at which they operate. The relationship between the density and resolution of the wave has been applied in many fields, such as ultrasonic flaw detection, the higher the frequency, the more detailed the picture. <>

Because radio telescopes need to be made larger to ensure their sensitivity in receiving electrical signals, optical telescopes do not.

Because optical telescopes are seen through lenses, if they are made too large, a lot of light will gather to a point and hurt the eyes.

Because the optical telescope is only a telescope designed by the optical principle, and with the further development of science and technology and the needs of scientific research, radio telescopes have gradually been produced.

The most fundamental reason is the requirement for mirror accuracy: the wavelength of the optical band is in the order of 10 2nm, while the radio is in the wavelength range from close to 1mm to tens of meters. The specular accuracy of optical telescopes is at least 10,000 times higher than that of radio telescopes, and the larger the optical telescope, the more difficult it is to make such accuracy.