What are the natural squares, imaginary squares, and tamping squares of earthwork?

In the process of building the park, in addition to digging lakes and piling mountains, there are many large and small floors and gentle slopes that need to be leveled. The work of leveling the site is to organize the original uneven and relatively broken terrain into a flat site with a certain slope according to the design requirements, such as: parking lots, distribution squares, stadiums, open-air performance venues, etc.; The square grid method is the most suitable for earthwork calculations for this type of plot.

The square grid method is to calculate the design work and earthwork of the leveling site.

The work is carried out in a combination. Its working procedure is:

1) At a construction site with contour lines attached.

On the topographic map, the construction site is controlled by a grid of squares, and the value of the square side length depends on the required calculation accuracy and the complexity of the terrain change. In the garden, 20 40m is generally used;

2) use the insertion method to find the original topographic elevation of each corner point on the topographic map (or measure and set each corner point of the square grid to the ground, measure the elevation of each corner point at the same time, and mark it on the map);

3) Determine the design elevation of each corner point according to the design intent (such as: the shape, slope aspect, slope value, etc. of the ground);

4) compare the original terrain elevation and the design elevation to obtain the construction elevation;

5) Earthwork calculation, the specific calculation steps and methods are illustrated with examples. The bulk density of the soil per unit volume.

The weight of the soil in its natural condition, in kg m3, the bulk density of the soil.

The size of the construction directly affects the degree of difficulty, the larger the bulk density the more difficult it is to excavate, in the earthwork construction, the soil is divided into loose soil, semi-hard soil, hard soil and other categories, so the construction technology and quota in the construction should be formulated according to the specific soil category. The natural slope angle of the soil.

The angle between the natural accumulation of soil and the ground plane after settlement and stabilization is the natural inclination angle of the soil, which is represented by stables. In the engineering design, in order to make the project stable, the slope slope value should refer to the value of the natural inclination angle of the corresponding soil, and the natural inclination angle of the soil is also affected by its water content.

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When building earthwork, the dry density of the soil is often used as the tamping standard of the soil. Dry density symbol: (d) The density of the soil when there is no water in the pores at all, called dry density; Refers to the mass of soil per unit volume, i.e.:

The ratio of the mass of the solid particles to the total volume of the soil. The dry density reflects the porosity ratio of the soil, and the dry density of the soil is often used as the tamping standard of the soil when building earthwork. Dry Density Symbol:

d) the density of the soil when there is no water in the pores at all, which is called the dry density; It refers to the mass of soil per unit volume, that is, the ratio of the mass of solid particles to the total volume of soil. The dry density reflects the porosity ratio of the soil, so it can be used to calculate the porosity of the soil, which is often calculated from the density and moisture content of the soil, but it can also be measured.

The dry density of soil is generally in the range of g cm3. In engineering, the dry density is often used as the standard to evaluate the degree of soil compactness to control the construction quality of the filling project. When filling in the earth, the compaction standard of the soil is often controlled by the (dry density) of the soil.

Earthwork is one of the main projects in the construction of construction projects, including all earth (stone) excavation, filling, transportation, drainage, precipitation and other aspects. In civil engineering, earthwork works include: site leveling, roadbed excavation, civil air defense engineering excavation, floor filling, roadbed filling and foundation pit backfilling.

At the same time, in order to reduce the construction cost of earthwork projects, implement the principle of not occupying or occupying less farmland and arable land and conducive to land reclamation, it is necessary to make a reasonable allocation plan for earthwork and make overall arrangements. Earthwork is one of the main types of work in the construction of construction projects, including all earth (stone) excavation, filling, transportation, drainage, precipitation and other aspects. The amount of earthwork is large, the construction conditions are complex, and the geological, hydrological, meteorological and other conditions are greatly affected.

Therefore, in the organization of earthwork construction, the necessary work should be done to ensure the quality of the project.

1. The conversion coefficient of the real square and the imaginary square of the stone.

There is only a coefficient of apparent density and bulk density of flakes.

Apparent density: The mass of a material per unit volume in its natural state. Bulk density: The weight per unit volume of a bulk material in its natural stacked state is known as bulk density. ）

2. Earthwork conversion relationship.

Earthwork is divided into various states such as natural dense solid volume, tamping volume, loose filling volume, imaginary square volume and so on. Their relationship with each other is shown in the following table:

1 real square = imaginary square. Because 1 natural square = real square = imaginary square, so 1 real square = imaginary square.

"Natural square" means earthwork in an undisturbed state of nature; "Imaginary square" refers to the earthwork that has been loosened by manual or mechanical excavation or the earthwork that has been piled up with materials; "Solid" refers to the backfill and compacted filler.

In terms of graphics, the cubic is a measurement of the volume of an object, such as cubic meters, cubic decimeters, cubic centimeters and other common units, the steps are as follows:

1) Find the edge length of the cube;

2) Edge length = volume (Note: if the edge length unit is centimeters, the volume unit is cubic centimeters, write cm; If the unit of edge length is meters, the unit of volume is cubic meters, write m, and so on. ）

One cubic of imaginary soil is equal to a real cube. Conversion formula: 1 natural square = real square = imaginary square.

Summary. The ratio of solid square soil to imaginary square soil is: , that is, real square = imaginary square.

Because 1 natural square = real square = imaginary square, therefore, 1 real square earth = imaginary square earth. Earthwork conversion: 1 natural square = real square = imaginary square So in earthwork conversion, 1 real square = imaginary square.

The amount of work to excavate, fill and transport is usually calculated in cubic meters, sometimes referred to as earthwork. Earthwork. In civil engineering.

The one you said is called loose and solid coefficient, which is commonly used in the conversion of virtual and real squares in earthworks, and this coefficient is not fixed: for different soil quality, soil with different stone proportions, soil with different water content, loose and solid soil coefficients. In the calculation of earthwork quantity, it is not only necessary to calculate the unearthed natural excavation volume and the required natural fill volume, but also to balance the earthwork quantity and make up for the fill of the excavated soil.

Due to the looseness of the soil, the natural compacted soil is dug out.

The ratio of solid square soil to imaginary square soil is: , that is, real square = imaginary square. Because 1 natural square = real square = imaginary square which is stuffy, therefore, 1 real square soil = imaginary square soil.

Earthwork conversion: 1 natural square = real square = imaginary square So in earthwork conversion, 1 real square = imaginary square. The amount of work to excavate, fill and transport is usually calculated in cubic meters, sometimes referred to as earthwork.

Earthwork. In civil engineering. The one you said is called loose and solid coefficient, which is often used in the calculation of the destruction of the virtual and real squares in earthworks, and this coefficient is not fixed

For different soil quality, soil with different stone content, soil with different water content, loose soil, and soil with different solidity. In the calculation of earthwork quantity, it is not only necessary to calculate the unearthed natural excavation volume and the required natural fill volume, but also to balance the earthwork quantity and make up for the fill of the excavated soil. Due to the looseness of the soil, the natural compacted soil is dug out.

The imaginary square volume refers to the uncompacted, like 100 square meters of soil, after backfilling, multiplied by a compaction coefficient and so on, but the actual is less than 100 square meters.

The original soil that has not been scratched is natural earthwork, and the earthwork that is naturally stacked after excavation is virtual soil.

The imaginary square is 1, and the natural square is.

If the foundation pit is deep, it is bound to be excavated in layers, and the first layer is the soil above, and the soil below is the bottom.

The conversion method of imaginary square soil and solid square soil is as follows:

1. First of all, we must look at the quality of the virtual square soil. That is to say, look at the details of the picture, whether there is any stumbling. If it is finely beaten, it is calculated according to the standard of virtual soil than solid soil 1.

That is, the number of squares of the imaginary earth is a multiple of the number of squares of the real earth. If there is a big slump, try to make the sloppy slurry, if it is really not fine, it will be folded, which should be analyzed and treated on a case-by-case basis.

2. According to the above reasons for the defeat of jujubes, the ratio of virtual earthwork and solid soil is calculated according to the multiple of the virtual earthwork and the solid earthwork.

The volume ratio of natural dense earthwork to selling forest imaginary square is

Imaginary square = real square hundred * looseness coefficient of soil, looseness coefficient of soil: different degrees of soil, different stool fibrillation coefficients. On this issue, let me give you a question about the earthwork conversion factor! 1 natural square answer = real square = imaginary square So earthwork conversion:

Generally, there will be a large coefficient, and the real square of 1 stone square is approximately equal to an imaginary square.

From the number of pulling vehicles, only the imaginary side can be calculated, and the cart can be settled according to the imaginary side, but Party A's settlement is settled according to the real side.