How to judge the number of unpaired electrons of a complex

Lone electron pairs: Paired valence electrons that are not combined or shared with other atoms.

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complexesThe number of unpaired electrons is calculated using the magnetic cherry excitation moment.

Introduction to complexesCoordination compound.

It is a class of compounds with a characteristic chemical structure, which consists of a central atom (or ion, collectively referred to as a central atom) and a molecule or ion that surrounds it (called a ligand ligand) through a coordination bond completely or partially.

Formed by combination.

It consists of a complex molecule or ion formed by the embedding of a central atom or ion with several ligand molecules or ions in a coordination bond phase ridged sock rent, commonly known as a coordination unit. All compounds that contain coordination units are called coordination compounds. The chemical branch of the complexes in which is studied is called coordination chemistry.

For the main group element a there is one unpaired electron; aThere are no unpaired electrons; a has an unpaired electron; a has two unpaired electrons; a has three unpaired electrons; a has two unpaired electrons; a has an unpaired electron; There are no unpaired electrons. Such as sodium, a microcar, a pair of electrons; Magnesium has no unpaired electrons; aluminum, an unpaired electron; Silicon two unpaired electrons; phosphorus three unpaired electrons; sulfur two unpaired electrons; chlorine is an unpaired electron; Argon is all paired and there are no unpaired electrons.

The first main group element has one unpaired electron; The second main group element has no unpaired electrons; The third main group element has one unpaired electron; The fourth main group element has two unpaired electrons; The fifth main group element has three unpaired electrons; The sixth main group element has two unpaired electrons; The seventh main group element has one unpaired electron; The eighth main group element has no unpaired electrons.

Commonly used elements: sodium has one unpaired electron; Magnesium has no unpaired electrons; Aluminum has one unpaired electron; Silicon has two unpaired electrons; Phosphorus has three unpaired electrons; Sulfur has two unpaired electrons; Chlorine has one unpaired electron; Argon is all paired and there are no unpaired electrons.

<> first primary family element.

There is an unpaired good grandbrother electron; The second main group element has no unpaired electrons; The third main group element has one unpaired electron; The fourth main group element has two unpaired electrons; The element of the fifth main group has three unpaired electrons in friendly attack; The sixth main group element has two unpaired electrons; The seventh main group element has one unpaired electron; The eighth main group element has no unpaired electrons.

Commonly used elements: sodium has one unpaired electron; Magnesium has no unpaired electrons; Aluminum has a non-trian hole of paired electrons; Silicon has two unpaired electrons; Phosphorus has three unpaired electrons; Sulfur has two unpaired electrons; Chlorine has one unpaired electron; Argon is all paired and there are no unpaired electrons.

The number of complex electron pairings depends on the number of extranuclear electrons and the outermost electron number of the central ion, which basically satisfies the saturation of extranuclear electrons and the saturation of valence, and the rest is easy to judge.

See High School Chemistry Elective, Structure & Properties.

According to the crystal field theory, the specific analysis is carried out.

Case-by-case analysis.

Lone electron pairs: Paired valence electrons that are not combined or shared with other atoms.

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It's still very profound.

An unpaired electron is one in which there is only one atomic orbital.

There are no paired electrons yet.

We know that according to the Hunt Rule.

The electrons should first occupy all the orbitals in a sublayer.

If there are 4 electrons to occupy the 3d orbital.

There should be one electron in each of the four orbitals instead of one pair of electrons in each of the two orbitals, then we will call the single electron (unpaired) in these 4 orbitals an unpaired valence electron, if this electron is an electron of an elemental ground state atom.

Then it is called ground state atom unpaired valence electrons.

For example, the electronic configuration of the ground state atom of mn:

ar]3d5

In 4s24s, the electrons in one orbital are all paired.

There are no unpaired electrons.

Each of the five orbitals of 3d has one unpaired electron.

Hence the number of unpaired valence electrons of the ground state atom of Mn is 5

Another example is the electronic configuration of the ground state atom of Fe:

ar]3d6

In 4s24s, the electrons in one orbital are all paired.

There are no unpaired electrons.

And 3D in five tracks.

There is an orbital with 2 electrons.

Whereas, the other 4 orbitals have only one electron.

So the number of unpaired valence electrons of the ground state atom of Fe is 4

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Lone electron pairs: Paired valence electrons that are not combined or shared with other atoms.