Vegetable potassium nutrition and potassium fertilizer: how to rationally apply organic fertilizer a

Potassium is one of the three elements of fertilizer, and the need for potassium in many vegetables is often greater than that of nitrogen and phosphorus, and the potassium content of well-grown vegetables is higher than that of nitrogen and phosphorus. Most vegetables absorb more potassium than nitrogen, such as cucumbers absorb 1:(, pumpkins 1:

Tomatoes, eggplants are 1: (, green peppers, carrots are 1: (, radishes are 1:, onions are 1:(, lettuce is 1:(, kale is 1:

Some of the potassium applied to the soil is fixed in a form that is difficult to absorb, and some become substitute potassium that is easily absorbed by vegetables, and only about 50% of the potassium fertilizer applied is actually absorbed and utilized by vegetables. In general, the availability of potassium is higher in sandy soils than in clay soils, and the availability of potassium is lower in calcareous soils.

The most suitable potassium concentration for vegetable growth is about 5 of the total amount of substituted potassium in the soil. When the substitution potassium content of the soil is low, such as sand less than 85mg kg, sandy loam and loam less than 100mg kg, clay less than 125mg kg, the application of potassium fertilizer has a good effect on increasing the yield and improving the quality of vegetables.

The conventional amount of potassium is several times of the amount absorbed by vegetables, and most vegetables use the same amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium as basal fertilizer, generally 10 15kg of potassium oxide per 667m2, but at the same time of increasing nitrogen fertilizer, the amount of potassium fertilizer must be increased. For vegetables that require a large amount of potassium such as nightshade fruits and melons, it is also necessary to pay attention to increasing the proportion of potassium fertilizer, and in the case of sufficient basal fertilizer, apply potassium fertilizer in a timely and appropriate amount in the later stage. For fruits and vegetables, topdressing potassium fertilizer accounted for 50 60 percent of the total potassium application.

There are many types of potash fertilizers, and different types of potash fertilizers have different application methods. Commonly used potash fertilizers include potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium magnesium fertilizer and plant ash. Potassium chloride and potassium sulfate are physiological acidic fertilizers, which should be applied in combination with lime and organic fertilizers.

It is not suitable to apply potassium chloride and potassium magnesium fertilizers with high chlorine content to potatoes and other chlorine avoidants. Potash and magnesium fertilizers are suitable for acidic soils. Grass ash is suitable for vegetable seedlings, which not only provides nutrients, but also absorbs heat to increase soil surface temperature and promote early emergence of seedlings.

In addition, the use of 1 plant ash leaching solution as root topdressing also has a good effect on the control of vegetable aphids. According to the test, the use of acupuncture, furrow and strip application has a better effect than sprinkling. Generally, potassium is applied at 10cm near the root system of vegetables, which can not only avoid the root system being burned, but also facilitate the absorption of potassium by the plant.

What are the high potassium fertilizers?

High potassium fertilizers include potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium rock salt, potassium magnesium salt, potassium nitrate, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer.

1. Potassium chloride.

The content of available potassium is between 55% and 60%, and the higher the grade, the higher the content, and the high quality can reach more than 60%. Potassium chloride is easily soluble in water and can be applied as base fertilizer and top dressing, and the application rate is different according to different crops.

2. Potassium sulfate.

It contains more than 50% of available potassium, is easily soluble and grinds in water, and can be used as base fertilizer, top dressing, seed fertilizer and foliar fertilization. When potassium sulfate is generally used as base fertilizer, the dosage per mu is about 20 catties, and when it is used as seed fertilizer, the dosage per mu is about 4 catties.

3. Potassium nitrate.

It contains about 45% of available potassium (potassium oxide) and about 13% of nitrogen, which is suitable for top dressing, especially in the middle and late stages of crop growth period.

4. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

Potassium dihydrogen phosphate contains 52% phosphorus (P2O5) and about 34% potassium (K2O), which is a chemically neutral and physiologically neutral fertilizer with good water solubility. It can be used before and after flowering of fruit trees and can increase fruit set. It is used during the coloring period to promote coloring and increase the sweetness of the fruit.

Matters related to the use of high-potassium fertilizers.

1. High potassium fertilizer should be stored in a dark, cool, dry place;

2. The permeability of high potassium fertilizer is relatively strong, and the fertilizer efficiency is high, and the effect is fast, but do not use it excessively, so as not to cause waste;

3. High potassium fertilizer may appear caking in low temperature environment, which is a normal situation and generally does not affect the use effect, so it can be used with confidence;

4. High potassium fertilizer should be diluted twice to fully dilute the fertilizer to avoid uneven absorption of crop nutrients after being applied to the soil, which will cause nutrient deficiency or potassium poisoning;

5. When just bearing fruit, it is not advisable to use high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer, otherwise it is easy to form stiff fruits.

The above is the introduction of high potassium fertilizer, the role of high potassium fertilizer is very strong, often used when planting crops, according to the law of crop fertilizer, choose the appropriate high potassium fertilizer.

<> "Soil-specific application: the content of available potassium in sandy soil is often low, and potassium fertilizer can generally be increased; The content of potassium in clay soil is often high, and potassium fertilizer can be applied less or no potassium fertilizer. An appropriate amount of potassium sulfate can be applied to the soil lacking potassium and sulfur, but potassium chloride can not be applied to saline-alkali soil. Due to crop application:

Potassium fertilizer should be applied to potassium-loving crops as much as possible, such as leguminous crops, potato crops, etc. Crop rotation: In plots where winter wheat and summer corn are rotated, potash should be applied to corn first.

Potassium nitrate is a nitrogen-containing and potassium-containing neutral potassium fertilizer, containing nitrate nitrogen and 46 potassium, which is better than potassium sulfate in terms of water solubility and absorption utilization rate of fertilizer, and potassium nitrate is not easy to cause soil acidification, but what is the role of potassium fertilizer containing nitrate. The first is to promote the activation of enzymes. The second is to increase photosynthesis.

The third is to promote the metabolism of sugar. Fourth, promote protein synthesis. Fifth, enhance the stress resistance of crops.

Sixth, increase production and quality.

<> potassium sulfate. Potassium sulfate is a sulfate-based potassium fertilizer, which does not contain chlorine or only contains low chlorine, which is basically the most adaptable elemental potassium fertilizer. 70% of the domestic potassium sulfate is converted from potassium chloride.

Therefore, the ** of potassium sulfate is relatively higher. In the early stage, farmers will use a large amount of manure and organic fertilizer as base fertilizer, resulting in excessive nitrogen fertilizer, crop growth is too fast, the stalk is young and tender, and it is easy to cause growth, and bacteria are also easy to invade, which will cause marrow necrosis, stem base rot, flower and fruit drop, downy mildew.

Potassium sulfate has a potassium content of more than 48% and can be used as basal fertilizer, top dressing, seed fertilizer and foliar fertilizer. If potassium sulfate is applied for a long time in acidic soil, it must be used with alkaline fertilizers, such as calcium, magnesium phosphate fertilizer, phosphate rock powder, etc., which can prevent soil compaction and acidification. The active ingredient content of potassium chloride is generally 50-60%, which is a physiological acid fertilizer, which can be used as base fertilizer, top dressing and root top dressing.

In coastal areas, it is necessary to avoid application, and the use of varieties such as Fuji and Red Star that are susceptible to manganese damage (apple rough skin disease) is prohibited.

The main role of nitrogen fertilizer is to promote the flourishing of trees, increase chlorophyll and enhance vegetative growth. If there is too much nitrogen fertilizer, the plant will have soft tissues, long stems and leaves, and will be susceptible to pests and diseases, resulting in reduced cold tolerance. Plants that lack nitrogen fertilizer will be thinner, and nitrogen fertilizer is the fertilizer that crops absorb the most during growth, and it is also a necessary fertilizer for crops.

The application of nitrogen fertilizer is mainly used to improve seedlings, which can help crops to photosynthesize and produce chlorophyll. In general, if the crop is dwarf and the leaves are yellow.

The common ones are potassium sulfate, potassium chloride, potassium cellar ash and plant ash, which are very easy to use, according to different situations to choose, ordinary plants use plant ash on the line, and it is better to use potassium chloride if there is a problem.

<> organic potash fertilizer refers to fertilizers made from raw materials such as fallen leaves, hay, vegetable leaves, fruit peels or animal manure. It is one of the safest, healthiest and most sustainable fertilizers that can promote plant growth, does not contain any heavy metal substances, adheres to the policy of taking from nature, using in nature, and returning to nature, no chlorine and low salt, pH is weak and alkaline, very friendly to the environment, and the mixing is also relatively good, applied to the soil, will not produce residues and harm to crops and soil, not only can break the acidification of the compacted soil, replenish organic matter, but also inhibit nematode hatching and other effects.

1. What are the organic potash fertilizers?

1. Fertilizers made from raw materials such as fallen leaves, hay, vegetable leaves, fruit peels or animal manure can generally be called organic potassium fertilizers. Compared with inorganic potash fertilizer, the molecular structure of organic potash fertilizer is an organic acid compound of potassium. The inorganic potash fertilizer mainly includes potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, etc., which not only contain potassium ions, but also contain an inorganic acid ion.

2. Potassium fertilizer is one of the 17 essential elements most needed for plant growth, and the content in the plant body is generally between 1-5, sometimes even higher. It has a strong influence on the root growth of plants, as well as the flowering and fruiting of plants, not only improving fruit quality, but also promoting fruit swelling and sugar transformation, and promoting coloration.

2. What is the effect of organic potassium fertilizer on plants?

1. Organic potassium fertilizer is taken from nature, used in nature, returned to nature, does not contain any heavy metal substances, no chlorine and low salt, pH is weak and alkaline, very friendly to the environment, and the mixing is relatively strong, applied to the soil, not only can break the acidification of the compacted soil, supplement organic matter, but also inhibit the nematode hatching and other effects, is one of the safest, healthiest and most sustainable ways to promote plant growth.

2. At present, China has pioneered an organic potash fertilizer, compared with inorganic potash fertilizer, organic potash fertilizer can be used in various crops and soils, and the fertility is 3-5 times that of inorganic potash fertilizer, and will not produce residues and harm to crops and soil. It has been proved by the pattern of scientific and technological demonstration fields and 600,000 acres of farmland that organic potassium fertilizer can increase the yield of grain crops by 15-25%, vegetables by 30-100%, and melons and fruits by 25-60%.