Oxidation occurs when the tempering temperature is higher than the tempering temperature in heat tre

Assabriking (Viking) is a multi-purpose high-alloy oil-cooled, air-cooled hardened steel. It is characterized by a good match between the high hardness and wear resistance required for heavy duty blanking and the molding process.

It can effectively blank and punch materials with a thickness of 25mm, and can also be used for precision blanking, scissor blades, deep drawing, cold forging, cold extrusion dies with complex structures, pipe forming tools, etc.

Its metallurgical composition is: ,, delivery terms: soft (chemical) annealing to 225hbs; Normal use hardness: 52 58hrc.

Its forging temperature is 1090 900 . When forging, it should be slowly heated to 700, and then quickly heated to the forging temperature zone, and then slowly cooled with the furnace after forging, or slowly cooled in sand or vermiculite.

Softening annealing: heating to 880 for a certain period of time, slowly cooling to 650 with the furnace and then air cooling;

Stabilization (relaxation) treatment: 650 2h slow cooling to 500 air cooling, used for stress relief after rough machining or after a certain period of service;

Quenching: 600 700 preheating, austenitization temperature 980 1050 (common temperature 1010), can be oil cooled, can be blown by strong wind, can also be quenched in a hot bath of 200 550.

Nitriding (soft nitriding): 525 nitriding for 20h, layer deep nitriding for 60h, layer depth up to 1000HV; 570 soft nitriding for 2h, surface hardness 900 1000hv.

The steel is also suitable for flame hardening or high-frequency quenching.

Tempering is generally carried out immediately after quenching, and its purpose is to:

a) Eliminate the residual stress generated during the quenching of the workpiece to prevent deformation and cracking;

b) Adjust the hardness, strength, plasticity and toughness of the workpiece to meet the performance requirements;

c) Stabilize the structure and size to ensure accuracy;

d) Improve and enhance processability. Therefore, tempering is the last important step in the process of obtaining the required performance of the workpiece.

According to the tempering temperature range, tempering can be divided into low temperature tempering, medium temperature tempering and high temperature tempering.

1) Low temperature tempering.

Tempering of workpieces up to 250.

The purpose is to maintain the high hardness and wear resistance of the quenched workpiece, and reduce the residual stress and brittleness of quenching.

Tempered martensite is obtained after tempering.

2) Tempering at medium temperature.

The workpiece is in 250 500

between tempering.

The aim is to obtain a higher elasticity and yield point with proper toughness.

After tempering, tempered tropes are obtained.

3) High temperature tempering.

Tempering of workpieces above 500.

The purpose is to obtain comprehensive mechanical properties with good strength, plasticity and toughness.

After tempering, tempered sostenite is obtained.

What is the exact temperature of annealing, tempering, normalizing, and quenching for heat treatment?

What is the exact temperature of annealing, tempering, normalizing, and quenching for heat treatment? Hello dear, quenching: heat the steel body to about 850 for quenching; Tempering:

The steel is tempered at high temperature at about 400-500; Annealing: It is to heat the workpiece to the appropriate temperature, and then cool it slowly in the hope that it can help you. If my answer is helpful to you, please give a thumbs up (in the lower left corner), I look forward to your like, your efforts are very important to me, and your support is also the motivation for my progress.

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There are two types of heat-treated tempering brittleness:

1. The first type of tempering brittleness, also known as irreversible tempering brittleness, low-temperature tempering brittleness, mainly occurs when the tempering temperature is 250 degrees to 400 degrees.

Features: 1. It is irreversible;

2. It has nothing to do with the cooling rate after tempering;

3. The fracture is a brittle fracture along the crystal.

Second, the second type of tempering brittleness is also known as reversible tempering brittleness, high-temperature tempering brittleness. The temperature that occurs is between 400 degrees and 650 degrees.

Features: 1. Reversible;

2. It is related to the cooling rate after tempering, after tempering and heat preservation, slow cooling appears, fast cooling does not appear, and embrittlement can be reheated and eliminated after fast cooling;

3. It has nothing to do with the state of the organization, but has a large embrittlement tendency in m;

4. Biqizhou regrets the tempering in the embrittlement zone, and the embrittlement after tempering has nothing to do with the cooling rate;

5. The fracture is along the crystal brittle fracture.

There are two types of heat-treated tempering brittleness:

1. The first type of tempering brittleness, also known as irreversible tempering brittleness, low-temperature tempering brittleness, mainly occurs when the tempering temperature is 250 degrees to 400 degrees.

Characteristics of early ants: 1. It is irreversible;

2. It has nothing to do with the cooling rate after tempering;

3. The fracture is a brittle fracture along the crystal.

Second, the second type of tempering brittleness is also known as reversible tempering brittleness, high-temperature tempering brittleness. The temperature that occurs is between 400 degrees and 650 degrees.

Features: 1. Reversible;

2. It is related to the cooling rate after tempering, after tempering and heat preservation, slow cooling appears, fast cooling does not appear, and embrittlement can be reheated and eliminated after fast cooling;

3. It has nothing to do with the state of the organization, but has a large embrittlement tendency in m;

4. Tempering in the embrittlement zone, and the embrittlement after tempering has nothing to do with the cooling rate;

5. The fracture is a brittle fracture along the crystal.

The temperature of high-temperature tempering is generally 500-650. High-temperature tempering refers to the quenching of parts, and then heating to 500 650, generally heated to a certain temperature at a critical point, after a period of heat preservation, cooled at an appropriate rate of speed and suffocation. High-temperature tempering yields a mixture of ferrite + fine-grained cementite, i.e., tempered sostenite structure.

High-temperature tempering is generally used for the follow-up treatment of quenching, quenching + high-temperature tempering is called quenching and tempering treatment, which has a wide range of applications in industrial production, which is conducive to completely eliminating internal stress and improving the plasticity and toughness of metal.

The tempered sotenite structure has excellent comprehensive mechanical properties, and is mostly used for tempering after quenching of structural parts, such as connecting rods, bolts, gears and shafts.

With the increase of the number of tempering, the amount of residual austenite in the carburized layer will be reduced, so that more stable carbide and martensitic structures can be obtained in the subsequent quenching process, and the surface hardness of the carburized layer will be improved.