How to see the correctness of the materialist view of material primacy from the essence of the origi

1) A comprehensive explanation of the first principle of matter from the origin, essence and function of consciousness.

Main explanations: First, from the perspective of the origin of consciousness, consciousness is the product of the long-term development of the material world, and the result of the long-term development of nature and society. First there is matter, then there is consciousness;

Second, from the perspective of the essence of consciousness, consciousness is a function of the human brain and a subjective reflection of objective existence. There are no objectively existing external things, there is no human brain as a material basis, and there is no consciousness;

Third, from the perspective of the role of consciousness, it is necessary to give full play to the active role of consciousness, first, consciousness must be able to correctly reflect the law of the development of objective things; Second, it is required that consciousness must be transformed into the force of matter in practice, otherwise it cannot act on matter. Therefore, the primacy of matter.

2) To grasp the principle of the primacy of matter and the secondness of consciousness from the aspects of the origin, essence and function of consciousness is to place materialism on the basis of science, which helps people to adhere to materialist monism and oppose the erroneous viewpoints of idealism and dualism.

Ma Zhe, first of all, we must strengthen a position: the world is material.

Materialism reduces the origin of the world to matter, and advocates the primacy of matter and the secondness of consciousness, and that consciousness is the product of matter.

2 cores: matter, consciousness.

Matter (objective reality).

Matter is a philosophical category that marks objective reality, matter is an abstraction of the common essence of all perceptible things, and its only characteristic is objective reality.

Consciousness (reflectivity).

1. (Origin) Consciousness and the human brain: Consciousness is the function of the human brain, and the human brain is the material organ of consciousness.

2. (Essential) Consciousness and Objective Existence:

Approximation, agency, and prototype) consciousness is an approximate and active reflection of objective existence; Any consciousness is a reflection of objective existence, and it can find its original form from objective reality, that is, there is no reflection without being reflected.

Content and Form) The content of consciousness is objective, but the form is subjective; Consciousness embodies the unity of objective content and subjective form.

2 major principles: materialist monism (the principle of the unity of matter in the world), the principle of the dialectical relationship between matter and consciousness.

Materialist monism (the principle of the material unity of the world).

The unity of diversity lies in materiality) The world is diverse and unified; The unity of the world lies in materiality; The unity of the material world is the unity of diversity: both nature and human society have material unity.

The principle of the dialectical relationship between matter and consciousness (the principle of the dependence of consciousness on matter, the principle of conscious agency).

1. The principle of the dependence of consciousness on matter, that is, the principle of the primacy of matter, the second nature of consciousness, the origin and essence of consciousness.

2. The active role of consciousness, also known as subjective initiative, refers to the ability and activity of consciousness to actively reflect the world and guide practice, and transform the world through practice, which is the characteristic that distinguishes people from things. Specific 3 performance: understanding the world; Guiding practice and changing the world; Control and regulation of human physiological activities.

1. Materialism believes that matter is the first nature and consciousness is the second nature.

Matter determines consciousness. In the process of the development of materialism, according to the depth and breadth of the understanding of "matter", it is divided into three forms:

Ancient naïve materialism regarded the origin of the world as one or several physical objects; Modern metaphysical materialism: With the development of modern physics, it regards the origin of the world as a brother and scattered atom. Dialectical materialism.

and historical materialism, that is, Marxist philosophy.

The origin of the world is reduced to matter.

2. Idealism holds that consciousness is the first nature and matter is the second nature. It is divided into subjective idealism.

and objective idealism. This is a fallible part of the exam.

Subjective idealism asserts that the origin of the world is the human spirit; Objective idealism asserts that the essence of the world is an "objective spirit" detached from the material world.

The basic point of dialectical materialism on the question of the origin of consciousness is (crooked) aExisted before nature.

b.People are born with it.

c.The product of nature's long-term silver trouble.

d.A product of society.

Correct answer: cd

The basic viewpoint of dialectical materialism on the question of the origin of consciousness is that it is the product of the long-term development of nature and society.

Marxist philosophy is dialectical materialism and historical materialism, and dialectical materialism is composed of three parts: dialectical materialism, materialist dialectics, and dialectical materialist epistemology.

Dialectical materialism was founded by Marx on the basis of critically inheriting the excellent achievements of human culture, especially on the basis of critically absorbing the "rational kernel" of Hegel's dialectics and the "basic kernel" of Feuerbach's materialism. The birth of dialectical materialism was a revolution in the history of philosophy.

Dialectical materialism is a philosophical theory of Marxism, and it is a scientific world outlook that organically unifies materialism and dialectics. Produced in the 40s of the 19th century. It is an advanced form of materialism. Dialectical materialism holds that the world is material in nature.

Engels said: "The true unity of the world lies in its materiality." (Anti-Dühring, Selected Works of Marx and Engels, Vol. 3, p. 83) Matter is primary, consciousness is secondary, consciousness is highly developed matter - the function of the human brain is envied, and the objective material world is reflected in the human brain.

Dialectical materialism holds that the material world moves, changes, and develops according to its own inherent laws, and that "everything is divided into two." "It reveals that the fundamental reason for the development of things lies in the contradictions within them.

The contradictions between the two sides of things are unified and struggled, and things are constantly developing from the lower level to the higher level. Therefore, the law of contradiction of things, that is, the law of the unity of opposites, is the most fundamental law of the movement, change and development of the material world.

1. The essence of cognition is the subject's active and creative reflection of the object on the basis of or through practice.

2. The understanding of the nature of cognition: First of all, practice is the basis and foundation of cognition, and cognition is neither "born to know", subjectively self-generated, nor directly to the object, but through the practical activities of the subject actively transforming the object. As Engels said:

The most essential and closest basis of the human mind is the changes in nature caused by man, and not nature itself". Secondly, it adheres to the principle of materialist reflection theory, that cognition is the reflection or copying of the object, that is, the cognition is based on the object, and the cognition must contain the content of reflecting or copying the object. Third, the reflection of cognition on the object is characterized by agency and creativity, including a certain selectivity and reconstruction, rather than simple and direct copying.

Matter is primordial, and consciousness is born.

Consciousness is a product of matter, and consciousness has a reaction to matter.

Did mine solve your problem? Helpful, looking forward to you, and if you have any questions, you can continue to ask.

The essence of knowledge is practice.

Fundamentals of philosophy.

The question is the relationship between matter and consciousness

The problem can also be said to be the relationship between thinking and the existence of the DAO. The content of the basic questions of philosophy.

The basic problems of philosophy include two aspects and two levels:

1) The first aspect is the question of who is the first nature and what is the origin of mind and being (or consciousness and matter). That is, the question of whether matter determines consciousness, or whether consciousness determines matter. The first aspect of the fundamental problem of philosophy is the fundamental basis for dividing the two lines of materialism and idealism in the history of philosophy.

2) The second aspect is the question of whether matter and consciousness are identical, that is, whether human consciousness can recognize and reflect the material world. This is the "epistemological" aspect of the basic problem of philosophy, and the fundamental basis for dividing the two epistemic lines of knowability and agnosticism in the history of philosophy.

3) The two aspects of the fundamental problem of philosophy are to clarify the relationship between thinking and existence from different aspects. Among them, the first aspect is the dominant aspect, while the second aspect is the subordinate aspect. The first aspect prescribes the premise of the second argument; The basic view of the second side is based on the answer of the first side.

Dialectical materialism holds that matter and consciousness are the origin of the world, which is the division ().

a.Criteria for materialism and idealism.

b.Criteria for agnosticism and agnosticism.

c.Dialectical and metaphysical standards.

d.Only the standard of theory and empiricism is buried.

Correct Answer: a