Cao Di fought against the Qi army, this article is annotated

Lu Zhuang Gong attacked Lu in the tenth year of Qi Qi to ask for a meeting, please win the trust of the people, and when the chariot was fighting, the retinue commanded a great defeat, and Qi Qi was one of the canons of encouragement. In the tenth year of King Luzhuang (2000 BC - 2000 AD) (1) Luzhuang vs. Qi (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) The reason why Cao was able to defeat the powerful Qi army became more and more powerful. So Lu Zhuang appointed Cao as the commander of the army and led the army to fight the Qi army.

Before the battle, Cao ordered the commanders to hold their positions and not allow them to participate in the battle. The war drums of the Qi army sounded, but the Lu army did not move at all, they were afraid that someone had deceived the Qi army, so they retreated. Seeing that the Lu army refused to fight, Bao Shuya ordered the drum to be beaten again, but the Lu army still held its position and did not counterattack, so he ordered the drum to be beaten again.

The people of Qi thought that the people of Lu were timid and afraid, so they lost their vigilance. However, when the Qi army reached the position of the Lu army, the war drums of the Qi State sounded in unison, and the army of the Lu State launched a direct attack on the Qi State. The Qi army fell into chaos under the sudden attack of the Lu army.

After the battle, Henan Province asked Qilu Zhuang Gong if he could learn the skills to defeat the Qi army?

Cao (曹 (mi)), a native of Lu, was a politician and military strategist in the Spring and Autumn Period. In the tenth year of Lu Zhuanggong, Qi attacked Lu, begged to see and ask to believe in the people's war, obeyed the command of the attendants during the battle, and defeated the Qi family. This is where the experience comes from.

Why Cao Cao was able to defeat the powerful Qi State: In the first 65 years of the Common Era, the power of the Qi State became increasingly powerful, and the general Bao Shuya led the Qi army to attack the Lu State. Duke Lu Zhuang appointed Cao as a general and led the Qi army to meet the Qi army.

Cao ordered in front of the battle: hold your position and not be allowed to fight. The forbidden ones are beheaded!

The Qi army attacked the city in the sound of drums, but the Lu army did not move, and the Qi army was afraid of deception, so they turned back. Seeing that the Lu army refused to face it, Bao Shuya ordered the drum to be beaten again, but the Lu army still held its position and did not fight back. Bao Shuya thought that Lu Jun was afraid, so he ordered to beat the drum again.

The Qi army thought that the Lu army was cowardly and lost its vigilance. However, when the Qi army rushed to the front of the Lu army's position, Cao gave an order, the war drums sounded in unison, and the Lu army rushed directly to the Lu army. Under the sudden attack of the Lu army, the Qi army was in great confusion, lost its armor and failed to recover the whole army.

After the end of the war, Lu Zhuanggong asked Cao what was the secret to defeating the Qi army? Cao said: Morale is the main factor that determines the outcome of a war.

The first drum is beaten, the morale is the highest, and then it gradually weakens; The drums beat for the third time, and the morale of the enemy was the lowest. When the enemy's morale was low, our army instigated the drums of war to attack. There's no reason not to win.

1) Ten years: the tenth year of the reign of Lu Zhuang (684 BC).

2) Qi Division: The army of the Qi State. Qi, in present-day central Shandong Province. I, referring to the country of Lu. Lu, in the southeastern and western part of present-day mountain. "Zuo Biography" is said to have been written by the historian of the Lu State, so the Lu State is called "I".

3) Gong: Lu Zhuang Gong.

4) 曹刿 (guì): A native of the Lu country.

5) Meat eater: A person who eats meat. This refers to a person who is in a high position and enjoys great fortune.

6) 間 (jiàn): to participate.

7) Disdain: Despicable, refers to short-sightedness.

8) Nai: So, just.

9) Why to fight: that is, "what to fight", and why to fight. (10) Food and clothing: food and clothing.

11) Specialized: Personalized.

12) Pervasive: pervasive, universal.

13) Sacrificial jade silk (bó): an ancient sacrificial offering. Sacrifice refers to pigs, cows, sheep, etc. Jade silk, jade, silk fabrics.

14) 傅 (fú): to be convincing.

15) Fu: as a verb, to bless, to bless.

16) Prison: Case.

17) Long spoon: the place name of Lu country, in the north of Qufu County, Shandong Province.

18) Drum: as a verb, drumming marches.

19) Chi: drive (catch up).

20) rut (zhé): The mark left by the wheel rolling over the ground.

21) Shi: The horizontal wood in front of the ancient carriage is used for the handrail of the passenger.

22) Jike: The battle has been won.

23) Surplus: Filled. This refers to the high morale.

24) 靡 (mǐ): to fall

25) Ephesian: No.

26) Loyalty: Try your best to do your part.

27) Must divide people: That is, "must divide people by them", and must give it to others.

28) Add: Exaggerated. Here's how to say less for more.

29) Investigation: Figure it out.

30) Situation: Truth.

31) Loyalty: This is the kind of thing that has done one's duty. Be loyal and do your best to do your duty.

32) Can fight: that is, "can fight", can rely on this condition to fight a war, but: can; With: By virtue of.

33) Defeat: Big defeat.

34) Fight from the war: (if) fight, please allow me to follow.

"Cao Di's Polemic" is an article in "Zuo Chuan", from "Zuo Chuan: Ten Years of Zhuang Gong", the title is given by later generations. This article is also titled "The Battle of the Long Spoon of Qilu" or "The Battle of the Long Spoon".The Battle of the Long Spoon took place in 684 BC and is one of the most famous examples in history of the defeat of the strong by the weak.

In the spring of the tenth year, Qi Shi attacked me. Gong general battle, Cao Di, please see. The villagers said:

What is the point of the meat eaters? He said: "Meat eaters are despised, and they can't plan far."

It's an insight. Ask: "Why fight?"

Gong said: "Food and clothing are safe, and if you dare to specialize, you will divide people." "Yes

Xiaohui is not gone, and the people are also obedient. The public said: "Sacrifice the jade silk, and if you dare to add it, you will believe it."

He said: "Little faith is not fu, and God is blessed." "Gong said:

The small and big prisons, although they cannot be detected, must be affectionate. He said, "Loyal belongings are also."

You can fight. Please follow the rules of war. ”

The public rides with it. Fight in the long spoon. The general drums.

He said, "No." "Three drums.

He said, "Yes." "The division is defeated.

The general galloped. He said, "No."

Looking down at it, he looked at it and said, "It can be carried out."Then he chased the division.

Both grams, the public asks why. He said: "Husband fights, courage also." One blow of strength, then decline, three and exhaustion. He did his best to make money, so he restrained it. The husband is a big country, unpredictable, and afraid of ambush. I look at its chaos and hope that it will be untouching, so I will chase it. ”

1．c2．d

3 Explains the reason for Cao Di's request, which reflects Cao Di's foresight (or "shows Cao Di's self-confidence").

4 What are the prerequisites for combat; Winning the trust of the people is a prerequisite for winning a war.

The meaning is correct).