How did Germany come to capitalism?

Germany was first influenced by the Napoleonic Wars, and later unified the country through dynastic wars and defined the capitalist path.

Dear comrades, during the Second Reich Germany was just a feudal monarchy with the germ of capitalism, just as we call the characteristics of capitalism at the end of the Ming Dynasty the germ of capitalism under the feudal monarchy.

Concise and to the point standard answers.

Germany was unified through dynastic wars from above.

The dynastic wars waged by the Kingdom of Prussia led to the unification of the country and thus to the capitalist road.

Unification followed the path of dynastic warfare from the top down, and it was not the bourgeoisie that really took power, but the "Junker" aristocratic landlords. This determined that it preserved a large number of remnants of feudalism and militarism, which Lenin called a "Junker bourgeois imperialism" state.

The constitutional monarchy of Germany is also very different from the constitutional monarchy of England: the king of England is "unified but not governed" and has no real power; The German emperor held the military and political power of the country, for example, the chancellor was appointed by the German emperor rather than by the majority party leader in parliament, as in England.

Not only did Germany retain a large number of feudal remnants politically, but also economically the capitalist transformation was incomplete. Instead of abolishing feudal (Junker) land ownership and producing capitalist agriculture on the basis of peasant differentiation, it carried out reforms under the condition of preserving the monarchy, aristocratic privileges and the remnants of the Middle Ages, and slowly transformed the feudal serfdom economy into a bourgeois Junker economy, and the original "Junker aristocracy" was transformed into agricultural capitalists, and after investing in industry and commerce, they also became industrial, commercial, and financial capitalists. Lenin called this path of capitalist agriculture "the Prussian road".

Germany is a capitalist country. Germany is a highly developed capitalist country, the largest economy in Europe, the first of the four major economies in Europe, one of the founding members of the European Union, and an important member of international organizations such as NATO, the Schengen Convention, the G7, and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development.

Germany's social security system is well-developed and its citizens have an extremely high standard of living. The high-end manufacturing industry, represented by automobiles and precision machine tools, is also an important symbol of Germany. A capitalist state refers to a country in which the capitalist owns the means of production and implements the wage labor system as the basis, and the bourgeoisie holds the political power.

Capitalist countries replace individual production with large-scale machine production, and the productive forces are greatly higher than those of feudal society.

(1) After the Thirty Years' War in the 17th century, industry and commerce gradually emerged in the German states.

2) In the 18th century, with the development of capitalism in Europe, some capitalist workshops also appeared in Germany, and some enlightened monarchs carried out capitalist reforms. Among them, the reforms of King Frederick the Great of Prussia and his three generations of ancestors, and Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria and her son were the most influential.

3) At the beginning of the 19th century, Germany was conquered by Napoleon, and under the iron heel of the French army, most of the feudal forces were swept away. After that, the Stein-Hardenberg reforms in Prussia partially weakened feudalism. After Napoleon was defeated and the French army retreated, capitalism in Prussia and elsewhere was further discovered.

4) After Napoleon's defeat, Prussia began to implement the German Customs Union to eliminate economic feudalism. By the mid-19th century, the alliance had included almost all states except Austria.

5) Finally, after Bismarck, the iron-blooded prime minister of Prussia, came to power, he reconciled the contradictions between the aristocracy and the capitalists at home, continued to develop the capitalist economy, and through three wars abroad, unified the German states outside Austria and established the German Empire.

Britain: Embark on the road of capitalist democracy through bourgeois revolution and establish a bourgeois constitutional monarchy.

The establishment was marked by the enactment of the Bill of Rights of 1689.

United States: The establishment of a bourgeois republic was marked by the promulgation of the Constitution of the United States of America in 1787.

France: The establishment of a bourgeois semi-republican republic was marked by the promulgation of the Constitution of the French Third Republic in 1875.

Germany: The establishment of a bourgeois constitutional monarchy was marked by the promulgation of the Constitution of the German Empire in 1871. - Common Sense History.

Britain, the United States, France, and Germany all embarked on the road of capitalism through war and revolution. Specifically, the UK passes through the asset tier.

The Tier Revolution established the DAO Constitutional Monarchy, which experienced a civil war; The United States won its independence through the War of Independence and established a bourgeois republic; France embarked on the capitalist road through the Revolution, which included not only the rebellion of the internal royal family and aristocracy, but also foreign armed intervention; Germany, on the other hand, achieved the unification of the whole country through three dynastic wars and embarked on the capitalist road.

Why did the capitalist system emerge in Europe first.

The biggest reason why the capitalist system first appeared in Europe and developed was because the feudal power in Europe at that time was not particularly strong and deep-rooted, which gave the space for capitalism to sprout and develop, and at about the same time period, the germ of capitalism also appeared in various Asian countries, but because the feudal rule of Asian countries was deep-rooted and powerful, the germ of capitalism in Asia was stifled.

Moreover, Europe adopted a mercantilist policy economically, which promoted the development of the budding capitalism, and the renaissance, the Reformation, and the Enlightenment were formed ideologically and culturally, so that the capitalist ideas spread rapidly, and the political centralization was strengthened to get rid of the control of the church, and the overseas colonial expansion (new shipping route opening, early colonial expansion) and other ways further promoted the development of capitalism. So it led to the eventual emergence of the capitalist system in Europe.

The outbreak of the bourgeois revolution in England (1640) marked the beginning of the capitalist era in human history.

In 1640, Charles I, in order to raise military funds to suppress the uprising, was forced to convene a long-closed parliament, and the bourgeoisie and the new aristocracy formed an opposition, using the parliament to fight against the king, and the bourgeois revolution in England began.

Under the command of Cromwell, the royal army was routed. In 1649, Charles I was executed, England was declared a republic, and the bourgeoisie and the new aristocracy took power.

In 1660, the Stuart dynasty was restored, and Charles II was proclaimed king. The bourgeoisie and the new aristocracy overthrew the restored Stuart dynasty in 1688 with the help of foreign forces.

In 1689, Parliament passed the Bill of Rights, establishing a constitutional monarchy and establishing the dominance of the bourgeoisie and the new aristocracy in England.

United States: The establishment of a bourgeois republic was marked by the promulgation of the Constitution of the United States of America in 1787.

France: The establishment of a bourgeois semi-republican republic was marked by the promulgation of the Constitution of the French Third Republic in 1875.

Germany: The establishment of a bourgeois constitutional monarchy was marked by the promulgation of the Constitution of the German Empire in 1871.