When to double write the ending of the word to add ing, and when to go to e to add

Now participles are generally formed by adding -ing after the original form of the verb, such as: going going, standing, asking, answering, studying, being is, seeing.

However, in the following cases, the corresponding variation of spelling: verbs ending with an unpronounced e (stressing relatively open syllables), removing the e and adding ing, such as coming, writing, taking, becoming become.

When the e is preceded by a vowel or the removal of the e causes a change in pronunciation, the e should be kept: agreeing, singeing, canoeing

When a verb ending in an accented closed syllable has only one consonant at the end, double write the consonant letter plus -ing, e.g., sitting, beginning, running, admitting, stopping, forgetting.

The few monosyllabic verbs that end in -ie turn ie into y and add -ing, e.g., dying to death, tying tie, lying or lying.

In addition, ing indicates that the action is in progress, such as whether it is in the past continuous tense, present continuous tense, or future continuous tense

The double writing of consonants at the end of an English word is to ensure that the original word is pronounced unchanged.

Consonants plus vowels (stressed closed syllables) plus consonant endings.

Stressed closed syllables Stressed vowels that do not pronounce their own alphabet sounds.

Closed syllables are not necessarily stressed, e.g. visiting the second i is not stressed.

In general, monosyllabic verbs or end with an accented syllable and have only one consonant letter at the end"One vowel letter + one consonant letter + one vowel letter"At the end, the last consonant letter should be double-written and then added with -ing

Stress closed syllables, double write the last consonant letter and add -ing, e.g. sit-sitting

run—running

dig—digging

stop—stopping

swim—swimming

In general, if the following three conditions are met at the same time, you must write double.

1.The last three letters of the word are: consonant letter + vowel letter + consonant letter 2

The syllables of these three letters must be stressed syllables (i.e., the one marked in the upper left corner of the phoneme in the phonetic transcription; Such as ['bɑ:skit] is the apocrypha in the upper left corner of b).

3.The vowel letters in these three letters must be short vowels (e.g. i, e...).

For example: stop, shop, swim, run, dig, hit...

But there are also individual special cases, although they do not fully comply with the above rules, but they should also be double-written, just remember them separately.

Such as: prefer, refer

Miss Black Pepper is like a dog deliberately deliberate about.

1.Do all verbs ending in e remove e and add ing?

2.What are the ones that need to be double-written and then added?

Answer: The stressed closed syllable at the end of a single vowel letter + single consonant letter should be double-written, and the stressed r syllable with a single vowel letter + single r ending should also be double-written. cut-cutting refer-referring

3.What is the rule of adding ing to verbs ending in y?

4.Are there any other special circumstances besides the above?

1. get - getting.

2 sit - sitting.

3. run -running.

Stressing a closed syllable must meet three elements:

One is that it must be an accented syllable;

The second is that there is only one consonant letter at the end;

The third is that vowel letters pronounce short vowels.