What are the meanings of fixed rate and list pricing and what is the difference between them?

I can't give you a ready-made **, but there is one thing you can play, that is, at this stage, our country is learning from the list system of the West, which is not a complete system, and many things are still changed without changing medicines. Although it is a list, it can be grouped and the comprehensive unit price is still used, and the idea of quota is still used, which is also a bottleneck restricting the development of China's list. The key to the breakthrough is that the enterprise must have its own enterprise quota, so that it is possible to achieve the real sense of "control quantity, competitive price", if everyone uses the same quota, there is no competition.

At this stage, almost no enterprises have their own enterprise quotas, why, how to solve it? That's where you're going to do your own research, and that's all I can do for you. I believe you will write the ** very well!

The so-called practical significance, not only to talk about the good aspects, but also to analyze the problems, analysis is insufficient, isn't it. Oh.

1. The pricing basis is different.

Fixed-rate pricing: Unified budget fixed amount Fee fixed price adjustment coefficient **Pricing.

List pricing: enterprise quota market competition pricing.

2. The valuation items are divided into different categories.

The division of valuation items in the fixed pricing model is mainly based on the construction process, and the content is single (there is a process, that is, there is a valuation item). The division of the pricing items in the list pricing model is based on the engineering entity as the object, and the project is more comprehensive, which will form a number of processes or engineering contents necessary for a certain entity part or component, which can intuitively reflect the basic ** of the entity.

For example, the brick septic tank is integrated with excavation, cushioning, pool floor, brick pool, plastering, backfilling, etc. Bolt support according to the integration of drilling, pulping, grouting, bolt making, tensioning anchor, spraying mortar and other processes or engineering content.

The engineering entities and measures of the valuation items in the fixed rate pricing model are combined into one. That is, the project has both physical and measure factors. The calculation method of engineering quantity in the list pricing mode separates the physical part from the measure part, which is conducive to the owner and enterprise to independently organize the price according to the actual project and realize individual cost control.

The construction method factor is considered in the project division of the fixed pricing model, which limits the display of enterprise advantages, while the project of the list pricing model is no longer linked to the construction method, but the construction method factor is placed in the group price and considered by the pricer.

3. The composition of the unit price is different.

The unit price used in the fixed amount pricing mode is the "material unit price method", that is, the practicability of person 5 is reflected in the appendix of the "pricing specification", the project name of the bill of quantities item and the quantity calculation rules is the project entity project, the project name is clear and clear, and the quantity calculation rules are concise and clear.

4. The calculation of engineering quantity is different from that of the preparer. The fixed amount is calculated and determined by the bidder, and the price difference can generally be adjusted; The list valuation is calculated and determined by the tenderer, and the unit price of the contract is generally not adjusted.

Difference and connection between list pricing and fixed rate pricing:

1.The difference between the two pricing methods:

1) Quota pricing is based on the quota, highlighting the role of the first and emphasizing the calculation of the total cost of the project;

2) List valuation (comprehensive unit price method) is based on the list, emphasizing the responsibilities of both parties on the basis of the total cost of the project, and more emphasis on the calculation of the comprehensive unit price of the sub-work.

2.The connection between the two pricing methods: both are suitable for the pre-settlement of the project.

1) Fixed-rate pricing is suitable for projects that are settled according to the actual settlement.

2) List pricing is suitable for the unit price of project contracting.

The basic structural elements of a unit project are sub-projects. When the quota is calculated, it is a sub-project divided according to the project quota; When invoicing, it refers to the list items. Quota pricing is the pricing method of each single item, earthwork has excavation, backfill and other items, and the bill of quantities pricing is only 1 item, that is, earthwork.

Extended Materials. Bill of quantities valuation, refers to the tenderer to publicly provide the quantity of the list, the bidder independently or the tenderer to prepare the bid and the contract price signed by both parties, the completion of the project settlement and other activities, is by the bidder to complete the list of quantities provided by the tenderer all the costs, including sub-project costs, measure project costs, other project fees, fees, taxes.

The fixed pricing method is a pricing model that we have used for decades, and its basic feature is ** = quota + cost + document provisions, and as a statutory basis for the mandatory implementation, whether it is the project bidding to prepare the bottom of the bid or the bidding ** are the only basis for this, the contractor and the contractor share a quota and cost standard to determine the bid floor price and bidding, once the fixed price and the market price are out of touch it will affect the accuracy of the valuation.

Encyclopedia - Fixed Pricing.

1. The concept is different.

1) the same amount of valuation according to the national provisions of the unified quantity calculation rules to calculate the number of projects, and then according to the construction administrative departments promulgated by the budget quota or unit valuation table to calculate the cost of work, materials, machines, and then according to the relevant cost standards to calculate other costs, summarized to obtain the project cost.

2) List pricing is based on the bill of quantities for independent **, after evaluation of a reasonable low price to win the bid.

2. The methods are different. The unit price method and the physical method are generally used for fixed amount valuation; The list pricing generally adopts the direct cost unit price method, the comprehensive unit price method and the full cost method.

3. The accuracy of pricing is different. The fixed pricing does not reflect the order of construction, the master-slave relationship, and the order of time and space for the use of funds. The list pricing can be based on the bill of quantities of the construction unit to provide accurate eggplant orange field**.

4. The scope of application is different. Rated pricing can be applied to different bidding fields; However, in the case of construction projects invested with state-owned funds, the bill of quantities must be used for valuation.

In China, list pricing is a product of learning from foreign practices and combining with China's reality, and is a pricing model derived on the basis of fixed pricing.

Under the premise that the "Enterprise Quota" has not been generally recognized by the owners, and the "Valuation Quota" is still dominant, the list valuation is actually a copy of the fixed quota.

Whether it is a fixed amount of pricing or a list of pricing, the "fixed amount" is the basis for pricing.

The difference between list pricing and fixed pricing:

List pricing and fixed pricing are pricing models that have arisen in different generations.

The pricing concept, the basis of the valuation of the suspicious travel, the content of the cost, the form of the unit price, the way of listing, the calculation of the engineering quantity, the preparation steps of the celery pants stool, and the form of the two are different.