What is the difference between the quota and the list in the project cost

The difference between list pricing and fixed pricing.

1. The pricing basis is different.

Fixed-rate pricing: Unified budget fixed amount Fee fixed price adjustment coefficient **Pricing.

List pricing: enterprise quota market competition pricing.

2. The valuation items are divided into different categories.

The division of valuation items in the fixed pricing model is mainly based on the construction process, and the content is single (there is a process, that is, there is a valuation item). The division of the pricing items in the list pricing model is based on the engineering entity as the object, and the project is more comprehensive, which will form a number of processes or engineering contents necessary for a certain entity part or component, which can intuitively reflect the basic ** of the entity. Such as:

The brick septic tank is a comprehensive excavation of earthwork, cushioning, pool floor, brick pool, plastering, backfilling, etc. Bolt support according to the integration of drilling, pulping, grouting, bolt making, tensioning anchor, spraying mortar and other processes or engineering content.

The engineering entities and measures of the valuation items in the fixed rate pricing model are combined into one. That is, the project has both physical and measure factors. The calculation method of engineering quantity in the list pricing mode separates the physical part from the measure part, which is conducive to the owner and enterprise to independently organize the price according to the actual project and realize individual cost control.

The construction method factor is considered in the project division of the fixed pricing model, which limits the display of enterprise advantages, while the project of the list pricing model is no longer linked to the construction method, but the construction method factor is placed in the group price and considered by the pricer.

3. The composition of the unit price is different.

The unit price used in the fixed pricing model is the "material unit price method", that is, man + material + machine, and the management fee and profit are considered in the fee. The unit price used in the list pricing model is the "comprehensive unit price method", and the unit price composition is: labor + materials + machinery + management fee + profit + risk.

The use of the "comprehensive unit price method" more intuitively reflects the actual ** of each valuation item (including the sub-items and measures that constitute the engineering entity, and other projects), but at this stage, it should not include "fees and taxes".

4. The calculation rules of engineering quantity are different.

The fixed amount pricing mode is measured according to the actual amount of the sub-project project, while the list pricing mode is measured according to the net quantity of the physical project of the sub-item, and when the sub-project is integrated with multiple project contents, the unit of the main project content is the unit of measurement of the project.

For example: digging 10m bottom surface width, 2m deep brick foundation earthwork, the calculation of the engineering quantity of the fixed amount pricing should consider the increase and the working face and the grading factors, for: (, the calculation of the engineering quantity in the list pricing does not consider the increase in the working face and the slope, for.

If the excavation of foundation earthwork in the list valuation includes the engineering content of the pile breaking head, no matter how large the engineering quantity of the pile breaking head is, the engineering quantity of the excavation foundation earthwork is valued in units m3, and the pile breaking head is no longer listed separately.

5. The pricing procedure is different.

The idea and procedure of fixed amount pricing is: direct cost + indirect cost + profit + price difference + fee + tax.

The idea and procedure of list valuation are: sub-project cost + measure project fee + other project fee + fee + tax.

The calculation rules are different, and the fees included are also different, so compare a set of quota instances with inventory examples.

Quota pricing is the traditional pricing method in our country, in the bidding, whether as the bidding base or bidding, the tenderer and the bidder need to calculate the number of projects according to the unified engineering quantity calculation rules stipulated by the state, and then according to the budget quota promulgated by the construction administrative department or the unit valuation table to calculate the cost of work, materials and machines, and then calculate other costs according to the relevant cost standards, and get the project cost after summarizing. In the whole pricing process, the pricing basis is fixed, that is, the authoritative "quota". Fixed pricing is divided into unit price method and physical method.

List valuation refers to the tenderer to publicly provide the bill of quantities, the bidder independently or the tenderer to prepare the bid and the contract price signed by both parties, the completion of the project settlement and other activities, is the bidder to complete the bill of quantities provided by the tenderer all the costs, including sub-project costs, measure project costs, other project fees, fees and taxes.

With the development of the market economy, we have put forward a variety of reform plans such as "controlling the quantity, guiding the price, and competing fees", "separating the quantity and price", and "forming the best with market competition". However, due to the lack of fundamental changes to the quota management method and pricing model, it has failed to truly reflect the separation of volume and price, and formed a market competition with market competition. It has also been proposed to implement the bill of quantities, but in fact, because the current market environment has not yet formed a mature market environment, it is still difficult to achieve a completely open market in one step, and sometimes it is obvious that the quantity and price are distorted, so it is still in the form of fixed pricing, and it cannot get rid of the fixed amount pricing model, and can not truly reflect the autonomy of enterprises according to the market and their own conditions.

The fixed rate pricing takes into account the sub-project **, including labor costs, machinery costs, and material costs.

And the list pricing considers the comprehensive unit price of completing the list, including labor costs, machinery costs, material costs, management fees and profits, while considering a certain range of risk costs, it is the synthesis and expansion of the sub-project **.

The quantity of the list is the net quantity, and the working surface is not considered.

1. The composition of the unit price of the two capitals is different: the unit price of the sub-project quantity of the list and subdivision adopts a comprehensive unit except for fees and taxes, while the quota unit only includes labor costs, machinery costs, and material costs. 2. The calculation methods of the two are not the same.

Zhejiang Province: For example, in piling projects, the list of bored piles is calculated according to the number of roots or meters, and the quota is divided into piles, piles, sedimentation tanks and other projects. For example, for earthwork excavation, the list is calculated according to the actual calculation, and the working face needs to be considered for the quota.

Difference and connection between list pricing and fixed rate pricing:

1.The difference between the two valuation methods:

1) Quota pricing is based on the quota, highlighting the role of the first and emphasizing the calculation of the total cost of the project;

2) List valuation (comprehensive unit price method) is based on the list, emphasizing the responsibilities of both parties on the basis of the total cost of the project, and more emphasis on the calculation of the comprehensive unit price of the sub-work;

2.Both methods are suitable for the pre-settlement of the project.

1) Fixed-rate pricing is suitable for projects that are settled according to the actual settlement.

2) List pricing is suitable for the unit price of project contracting.

The basic structural elements of a unit project are sub-projects. When the quota is calculated, it is a sub-project divided according to the project quota; When invoicing, it refers to the list items. Quota pricing is the pricing method of each single item, earthwork has excavation, backfill and other items, and the bill of quantities pricing is only 1 item, that is, earthwork.

The quota is a standard that presupposes the amount of resources consumed to complete the unit of qualified products under the conditions of rational labor organization and rational use of materials and machinery, and it reflects the level of social productivity in a certain period. For each construction project, the amount of labor is calculated, including basic labor and other labor.

The specific difference between the list and the quota in the project cost is that the leading department is different. The details are as follows:

1. The traditional fixed pricing model is a prescriptive pricing model of fixed amount plus cost, which is based on the unified budget quota and unit valuation table to determine the cost of labor, materials and machinery.

2. Then make up the difference with the market information released by the local cost department for the material, and finally calculate various costs according to the unified charging standards, and finally form the project cost.

3. The ** of this pricing model is prescriptive, and it cannot truly reflect the actual consumption and unit price and cost of the bidding enterprise.

4. The bill of quantities pricing adopts the market pricing model, which is set by the enterprise independently, and implements the pricing mode of "quantity and price separation" regulated by the market.

5. It is based on the bill of quantities provided in the bidding documents, and the physical project and the non-physical project are priced separately. The same quantity is used for the physical project, and the bidding enterprise shall fill in the unit price independently according to its own characteristics and comprehensive strength.

6. Non-physical projects are determined by the construction company. The use of ** is completely determined by the market, which can be combined with the actual situation of the construction enterprise and adapt to the market economy.

The detailed difference between the quota and the list in the project cost is that the pricing basis is different, the valuation items are different, the unit price composition is different, the quantity calculation rules are different, and the pricing procedures are different.

The bill of quantities is widened under the valuation, and the quota sub-item is hung under a list subheading.

The list sub-item needs to be filled in the engineering quantity - list engineering quantity, and the engineering quantity - fixed engineering quantity should also be filled in under the quota sub-heading.

The inventory quantity is calculated in accordance with the calculation rules agreed in the 2013 measurement specification, and the quota quantity is calculated in accordance with the calculation rules agreed in the quota of each province, and the calculation caliber is different.

The list of engineering quantities is based on "m, kg, sets", and the quota engineering quantities are often combined units, and the units of measurement are different.

When several quota items are hung under a list item, either the engineering quantity of several quotas is added up to the list engineering quantity.

The relevant provisions issued by the engineering cost management agency and the base price pricing in the quota.

The requirements of the list, the autonomy of enterprises**, reflect the market decision**.

Compare the ** with the fixed price agreed by the contractor and the contractor, and adjust the price difference.

The project has both physical and operational elements.

The calculation method of engineering quantity in the list pricing mode is to separate the physical part from the measure part, which is conducive to the owner and enterprise to independently carry the price according to the actual project and realize individual cost control.