How to get data such as protein indicators for computer adjustment of feed formula?

The chemical composition of feed is the most basic index to evaluate the nutritional value of DU, and the high and low level of nutritional value depends on the content of various important substances (such as protein, fat, etc.) in the feed genus. The vast majority of the feed comes from plants, with only a few from animals, microorganisms and minerals. It has been measured that at least 26 elements are involved in the composition of various feed nutrients, of which there are four main elements, and carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen account for 95% of the dry matter of plants.

In addition, it contains sulfur, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, fluorine, iodine, chlorine, manganese, zinc, cobalt, etc. All elements do not exist separately in feed, but are composed of a variety of complex inorganic and organic compounds.

The main nutrients in the feed include moisture, crude ash, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, nitrogen-free extract, etc. The moisture content in the feed is generally required to be less than 13%. The high moisture content of feed can easily lead to moldy feed, which is not conducive to the storage of feed raw materials.

Crude ash is the residue of feed samples after combustion at high temperatures, mainly containing calcium, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, copper, iron, zinc, manganese, selenium and other mineral elements. Crude protein is a general term for all nitrogenous substances in feed, including true protein and non-protein nitrogen. True protein can be decomposed into more than 20 amino acids and some small peptides under the action of protein digestion enzymes and peptidases in the duck digestive tract.

Amino acids and small peptides have a very important nutritional effect on ducks. Non-protein nitrogen includes free amino acids, short peptides, nucleic acids and other nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds contained in feed. Crude fat is a general term for ether extract in feed, including triglycerides, phospholipids, steroids, fatty acids, etc.

Crude fiber is a general term for the indigestible nutrients in feed, including cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and keratin. Nitrogen-free extracts mainly refer to soluble carbohydrates such as starch, disaccharides, and monosaccharides that are easily digested and utilized by animals in feed.

Captive sheep feed sheep feed is more particular, need to be based on the physiological characteristics of sheep, the need for nutrition to reasonable feed to feed. This requires a large amount of green roughage, roughage is the largest part of sheep feed, most of the silage is used to solve at present, such as corn straw, sorghum straw and so on as silage, in addition to the need to prepare green dry feed, such as planting alfalfa grass, alfalfa and other special forage harvesting and drying storage. In order to ensure the comprehensive nutrition of captive sheep, it is also necessary to add concentrate feed, such as corn, wheat bran, etc., and also need to add various minerals and trace elements to meet the nutritional needs of sheep who do not go out to graze and lack of nutrition, all of which must be ingested from compound feed.

Feed formula for captive sheep:

1.Lamb feed formula: corn 56%, wheat bran 10%, soybean meal 15%, cotton meal 18%, rapeseed meal 6%, baking soda 1%, premix 4%.

2.Fattening sheep feed formula: corn 63%, wheat bran 8%, soybean meal 8%, rapeseed meal 6%, baking soda 1%, premix 4%.

3.Feed formula for breeding rams: 58% corn, 12% wheat bran, 25% soybean meal, 1% baking soda, 4% premix

4.Empty Huai - pre-pregnancy feed formula: 55% corn, 20% wheat bran, 20% soybean meal, 1% baking soda, 4% premix.

5.Late gestation - lactation feed formula: 60% corn, 10% wheat bran, 25% soybean meal, 1% baking soda, 4% premix.

According to the physiological characteristics, production characteristics and abnormal conditions of stress and other abnormal conditions of China's meat sheep for vitamins, trace elements, amino acids and other nutritional needs, combined with the international and domestic mature high-efficiency feed additives application technology, nutritional balance theory, digestible amino acid balance theory, electrolyte balance theory and nutrition and immune regulation technology, etc., the scientific formulation of formula and refining, can make the production performance of sheep be fully utilized, so that the user's economic benefits can be maximized.

This should be matched according to the local climate, water and soil, as well as the breed of sheep, not randomly.

Clarify the nutritional content of sheep feed.

1.Vitamins: The main role is to regulate physiological functions, maintain health and prevent diseases.

Water-soluble vitamins include B vitamins and VC, VP, etc., sheep can synthesize a certain number of B vitamins through rumen microorganisms, the most lacking substance is VA , so special attention is paid to VA supplementation in the process of raising meat sheep.

2.Energy substances: Carbohydrates are the main energy substances. The energy requirement of sheep is related to the activity program, and generally grazing sheep consume 10-100% more energy than house-fed.

3.Protein: In the process of metabolism, sheep need to absorb protein from the various forages they eat, as a structural substance for various activities, the need for protein is actually the need for amino acids, and the diversification of feeding sheep forage is conducive to ensuring the nutrition of protein.

4.Minerals: It is the main component of sheep bones and teeth, and plays an extremely important role in the digestion, absorption, metabolism, acid-base balance and physical strength maintenance of the animal body.

After knowing the nutritional composition of each tissue of the sheep body, it is necessary to calculate the formula of sheep feed.

1.After determining the feed raw materials to be used, list the nutritional composition and nutritional value table of the feed used for selection and calculation;

2.Determine the average body weight and daily gain level of + sheep in the house-fed flock as the basic basis for the diet formulation.

3.Calculate the nutrient content per kilogram of feed, divide the nutritional requirements of the sheep by the feed intake of the sheep to get the nutrient content (%) per kilogram of feed, such as crude protein content of 15%, energy kilograms, calcium and phosphorus.

4.Based on the energy and protein content of the diet, the share of minerals and additives is set aside, generally 2 3, and the preliminary mixture is tried.

5.Under the premise of maintaining the concentration of the mixture and the protein content, the feed raw materials should be adjusted to reduce the cost of the diet and maintain the basic nutritional balance of energy and protein.

It is reminded to adjust the content of calcium, phosphorus, salt and additives and other indicators in the nutritional indicators of feed to ensure balance.

Crude protein is calculated according to the crude protein contained in various feeds, and the specific crude protein of each feed needs to be tested experimentally, and the metabolic energy is evaluated for each animal on a certain feed, which is the feeding standard verified by the predecessors according to a large number of animal experiments, for direct use. A lot of it is based on experimentation and is available for our direct use.

Your feed protein is about 17%, energy is 30mcal, energy is low, calcium is added too much, phosphorus is relatively less, lysine is deficient, and some dicalcium phosphate is added with phytase. It is recommended to replace methionine with 5% fishmeal and add some lysine to reduce the amount of stone meal.

The crude protein for each variety is multiplied by the percentage, and the energy is multiplied by the percentage.

Protein 69%*8+

Metabolic energy 69%*3180+ kg

The formula is low in protein, high in energy, low in dicalcium phosphate, and at least dicalcium phosphate should be added to 1%.

There is a feed nutrient content table, which contains the content of various nutrients of all feed ingredients.

For example, corn, protein, energy, calcium, phosphorus, crude fiber, vitamins, digestive energy, etc., all have clear numbers in the table.

Metabolic energy, if I'm not mistaken, is based on your animal, and it has nothing to do with the feed, but the feed must meet the metabolic energy standards of your chickens (you check the animal nutrition standards for this, such as the previous NRC).

Methionine, betaine and the like to replace fishmeal bone meal I personally think it is not feasible, because there are still about 60% of protein in fishmeal, if you remove the fishmeal, then how much soybean meal or protein feed do you have to add to the feed? The formula is difficult to make, and the effective utilization rate of different product ingredients is also different.

I haven't touched the feed in a long time, so I don't remember it very clearly.

All in all, these specific data are documented.

Hey, hey, that's the right question, that's what we do, do you want concentrate, or premix, laying hens, I have a recipe here, you tell me, I'll send it to you.

Yes, nutritional indicators are measured in air-dried matter.

Direct calculation. If it is calculated on a dry matter, it will be indicated separately on a dry basis, otherwise the water will not sell for a lot of money.

Dry matter calculation is calculated according to the calculation in the "China Feed Composition and Nutritional Value Table".

Generally air-dried matter. Look carefully from the assay method.