The biography of General Li Guang is used to analyze the literary value and historiographical value

There is nothing to analyze with the historical records.

1. Li Guangwei will be incorruptible. He often gave his rewards to his subordinates, and ate and drank with his soldiers. He has been an official for more than 40 years, and his family does not have much extra property, and he never talks about the purchase of family property, and he is deeply loved by officers and soldiers.

2. Li Guangxiao is brave and good at fighting. Li Guang was tall, with arms as long as an ape, and had a talent for archery, and his children and grandchildren learned archery from others, but they were not as good as Li Guang.

3. Li Guang is not good at words, and when he lives with others, he also gambles with archery for pleasure, and uses archery as a pastime all his life.

4, Li Guang loves soldiers like a son, and can take the lead in everything. When the march encounters a lack of water and fasting, when he sees water and food, the soldier does not drink all the water, and he does not go near the water's edge; The soldier does not eat it all, he does not taste the food. The soldier is lenient and not harsh, which makes the soldier willing to die for him.

Li Guang in the biography of Li Guanglie in the historical records is a highly respected figure, because he made great contributions to the Han Dynasty in the southern and northern wars against the Xiongnu, and he is not proud of his achievements, and he loves his subordinates There is a story that Li Guang got the wine and sprinkled it in the creek and let the soldiers drink it together, which is called the name of the place, that is, the name of General Li Guangfei in Jiuquan is famous all over the world.

In Sima Shen Laqian's "Historical Records", there is "The Biography of General Li" in the sleepy state, and General Li refers to Li Guang. Wang Xiaosha ().

a.That's right. b.Mistake.

Correct Answer: a

Categories: Culture Arts >> Literature >>**.

Problem description: It is best to evaluate Li Guang from all angles!

Analysis: In "The Biography of General Li", although Sima Qian faithfully recorded Li Guang's strengths and weaknesses, he could still see his tendency to exalt Li and belittle Wei Huo.

When Sima Qian wrote The Biography of General Li, he avoided the specific numbers of beheadings and prisoners, and focused on Li Guang's personal ability to mount and shoot. Ancient warfare** gives me a feeling: when evaluating a general, the literati in ancient China paid great attention to his personal combat effectiveness, as if as long as the personal combat effectiveness was strong, he must be a good general.

When selecting military generals, only the candidates' personal fighting ability is examined, and other aspects are ignored. Li Guang is undoubtedly a good general in the minds of these people, regardless of Li Guang's military exploits, they are willing to think that Li Guang, who was born in a general and has extraordinary riding and archery ability, must be more qualified for the post of general than Wei Huo, who was born in a foreign relative and whose personal combat effectiveness is not outstanding (Sima Qian only has one sentence of "good at riding and shooting" when evaluating Wei Huo's personal combat effectiveness, and does not say to what extent he is "good"). They attributed Li Guang's failure to make meritorious service to "counting odds" and Wei Huo's military exploits to "heavenly luck".

There is another reason why Sima Qian promoted Li and belittled Wei Huo. Generally speaking, a general who is defeated and captured and barely escapes should be a very humiliating experience, right? When Sima Qian described this paragraph, he attributed Li Guang's defeat to the Hun soldiers, and vividly described the scene when Li Guang escaped.

So this capture not only did not become a shameful experience for Li Guang, but became an argument for him to be a famous general. In contrast, when describing Wei Huo's military exploits, there are only a few dry figures, and I am not impressed after reading it.

Sima Qian used some literary techniques, but he was faithful to history. He still recorded some of Li Guang's bad deeds: "I also went to Baling Pavilion, Baling Wei was drunk, and he was Guang."

Guangqi said: "So General Li. He said

Today, the general is not allowed to travel at night, why not! 'Under the Pavilion. There was no place to live, the Xiongnu entered and killed the Taishou of Liaoxi, defeated the Han general, and the Han general migrated to the right of the lead Beiping.

So the Son of Heaven is called to worship the right Beiping Taishou. Guang immediately invited the Baling Lieutenant to be with him, and he was killed by the army. "Baling Lieutenant did not let him pass the test, which was originally a model of doing things according to the system, but he was narrow-minded, took revenge, and even used his power to behead Baling Lieutenant when the country wanted to use him.

I tried to defend Longxi, Qiang tasted the opposite, I tempted and surrendered, more than 800 people surrendered, I deceived and killed them on the same day. "Words are not faithful, indiscriminate killing and surrendering. Rotten Rock Bend is not only inhumane, but also violates military ethics.

Later generations of literati turned a blind eye to this, but they seized Wei Qing and ordered Li Guang to take the east road. Even if this is out of Wei Qing's selfishness? At most, it hindered Li Guangfenghou, but the people of Baling Lieutenant were gone.

The subjective reason mainly stems from Li Guang himself, and he has three main weaknesses, all of which are very fatal.

First of all, conceit is Li Guang's number one weakness. After "Li Guangcai is unparalleled in the world", there are two sentences that say this: "Be conceited of your ability, fight with the enemy, and fear death." Li Guang is conceited that his talent is unparalleled in the world, so there are no strict queues and formation requirements for marching and fighting, so he wants to be convenient, and camp with the abundant water and grass, especially for military documents.

At that time, another famous general, Cheng Buming, acted very seriously and strictly, which was completely different from Li Guang, so his army never encountered major dangers. Cheng Buzhi also said, "Li Guangjun is extremely simple, but there is no way to prohibit it if he is captured", and this is also the case, and Li Guang has fought many defeats for this. In addition, Li Guang was proud of his outstanding talent and bravery, so he had a great conceit, acted in a casual style, and even privately accepted the seal of King Liang, which also made a serious mistake and brought a very bad impact on himself.

Secondly, revenge must be avenged, and narrow-mindedness is its second major weakness. Li Guang is usually narrow-minded and has no general demeanor, and will even resent others for a little thing and wait for an opportunity to take revenge. For example, Captain Baling was originally executed according to military orders, and there was nothing too wrong with his approach.

However, Li Guang always remembered this "enmity" and sought an opportunity to take revenge, and even in the current situation of the great enemy, he did not forget to declare his personal vendetta, and designed to kill those who had offended him. This kind of narrow-mindedness also left a very bad impression on others, especially Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty at that time, just imagine, no matter what era, a person with such a narrow mind will lead the reuse, even if it is used, will it be reassured?

Third, "killing and surrendering" is Li Guang's third major weakness. When he was guarding Longxi, some Qiang people rebelled. He used deception to induce more than 800 Qiang soldiers to surrender, but in the end they were all killed.

Sun Tzu said, "Go to the army to plan, and then fight the army." It is absolutely commendable to persuade the enemy to surrender and win the war in a way that does not damage a single soldier. However, how can the practice of going back on his word and killing the generals gain the trust of the emperor?

No matter friend or foe, no one dared to believe in a person who was untrustworthy and treacherous, and this behavior also brought endless troubles to Li Guang.

Based on the objective reasons of history and Li Guang's own three fatal weaknesses, it is no accident that "Li Guang is difficult to seal". The past does not forget the teacher of the future, Li Guang's tragedy is worth learning from future generations!