When did the gantry account in accounting come about?

It is recorded in the accounting book that the Longmen account appeared in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties.

The Longmen accounting method is a double-entry bookkeeping method produced in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties in China, which divides all accounts into four parts: "in", "pay", "deposit" and "the", and takes "payment = deposit" as the accounting balance equation, "in" is equivalent to all kinds of income, "pay" is equivalent to various expenses, "deposit" is equivalent to various assets, and "the" is equivalent to liabilities and capital.

The gantry accounting method is an epoch-making double-entry bookkeeping method in the history of accounting development in China.

Extended Materials. 1. Views of all parties.

As for the creation time and founder of the Longmen account, the theoretical circles mainly have the following statements:

1) Mr. Li Baozhen's view.

Mr. Li Baozhen, an old-timer in the field of accounting history in China, wrote the introduction of Longmen Account in the "Accounting History" written by Mr. Li Baozhen of Tianjin University of Finance and Economics: "In the last years of the Ming Dynasty (around 1640 AD), it was created by a merchant of Shanxi Gang (said to be named Fushan) and was a popular double-entry bookkeeping method in private commerce. (Li Baozhen, 1993, Accounting History, Finance and Accounting Newsletter, 5,).

2) Mr. Wang Jianzhong's view.

According to the "History of Accounting Development" edited by Mr. Wang Jianzhong of Tianjin University of Finance and Economics, "the Ming Dynasty gradually opened the sea ban and strengthened foreign relations. As the economy recovered, so did domestic commerce.

In order to meet the needs of commercial development, at the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, Shanxi Fushan set up and created the "Longmen Account" according to the principle of "Four Pillars Inventory" since the Tang and Song Dynasties, which has been continuously developed and improved, and has become a popular form of accounting for China's private commerce. (Wang Jianzhong, History of Accounting Development, Dongbei University of Finance and Economics Press, 137-139).

3) Mr. Zhao Youliang's point of view.

According to Mr. Zhao Youliang, an older generation accountant from Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, wrote an article entitled "Discussion on Planning": "Modern scholars have made a lot of introductions to Longmen accounts and their accounting methods. They all believe that it was founded by Fu Shan (Qing Lord), a beginner in the Qing Dynasty.

Zhao Youliang, 1992, Accounting Talks, Shanghai Accounting, 2, ).

4) The views of Mr. Tang Yunwei and Mr. Qian Fengsheng.

According to Tang Yunwei and Qian Fengsheng's monograph "Accounting Theory", Longmen Account "was born in the business world in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, and opened the forefront of commercial accounting in China. Its founder is Fu Shan, a native of Quyang, Shanxi.

According to the research of Mr. Zhao Youliang, a well-known accounting historian in China, the Longmen account was first designed to improve the operation and management of ticket numbers, and then it was gradually promoted to industrial and commercial enterprises. (Tang Yunwei and Qian Fengsheng, Accounting Theory, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics Press, 30).

5) Mr. Guo Daoyang's view.

Mr. Guo Daoyang of Zhongnan University of Finance and Economics wrote the "Outline of the History of Accounting Development", which introduced: "China's earliest double-entry accounting method 'Longmen Account' was founded in the business community in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, which is a relatively consistent statement at present. The founder of the 'Longmen Account' is the Shanxi businessman 'Fushan', which is also a relatively consistent statement.

But the question of who exactly this 'Toyama' is and how he created the 'Dragon Gate Account' needs to be further investigated. According to historical records, the author believes that Fushan should be Fu Mountain.

Input-Payment = Income - Expenses = Profit.

Deposit - the = assets - liabilities - investment capital = profit (note: investment cost + profit = owner's equity).

Therefore: in-payment = deposit - the.

Longmen accounting method is a kind of double-entry bookkeeping method produced in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties in China, which divides all accounts into four parts: "in", "pay", "deposit" and "the", and takes "payment = deposit" as the accounting balance equation, "in" is equivalent to all kinds of income, "pay" is equivalent to various expenses, "deposit" is equivalent to various assets, and "the" is equivalent to liabilities and capital.

The gantry accounting method is an epoch-making double-entry bookkeeping method in the history of the development of accounting in China.