What pesticides should be paid attention to in grape seedling planting?

1. Before germination, it is generally sprayed with 3 5 degrees of sulfur mixture or 80% sulfur WDG 600 times (or 45% sulfur mixture crystal dilution 20 40 times). Apply when the buds are green. When it rains or is wet, replace it with 300 times 80% water, sulfuric acid, gypsum.

In winter pruning orchards with more scale insects, 40% chloride phosphorus 1000 times + 50% Fumei lead and bibi 500 times solution should be sprayed one week after pruning, and stone sulfur mixture should be used again at the balling stage. 2. 2 3 leaves are generally 20% difenoconazole 3000 times + emamectin benzoate (or imidacloprid). Powdery mildew and pox can cause harm in the middle and late stages.

On the basis of the application of sulfur preparations at the germination stage, difenoconazole should be used once. Orchards with scale insects should be adjusted to 20% difenoconazole 3000 times + emamectin benzocytoate + 25% pymetrozine 1000-1500 times (or imidacloprid) 3. Inflorescence exposure.

General pesticides should be applied once, such as 10% cypermethrin 2000 times (or biphenyl last year's anthracnose was particularly serious vineyards, 45% prochloraz 3000 times more pesticides. Fourth, the inflorescence separation of 1500 times and 21% boron solution is 2000 times that of boron, and the spraying is meticulous and thoughtful. It is best to spray the medicine onto the material of the rack (rack, wire, etc.).

If the climate is humid after germination, adjust to 50% Fumei 1500 times + 21% boron 2000 times + 40% pyrimetriazine 1000 times. 5. Two to three days before flowering, 70% thiophanate-methyl (Lizhi) 1200 times + 5% acetamiprid 1500 times + zinc fertilizer are generally used.

If it rains before flowering, the dosage should be adjusted to: 42% mancozeb SC 800 times + 70% thiophanate-methyl (Lizhi) 1200 times (or other 70% thiophanate-methyl 800 times) + 5% acetamiprid 1500 times + zinc fertilizer. The soil in this area is low in potassium, and it is best to apply potassium fertilizer once before flowering.

**。6. Drugs are generally not used during the flowering period. If thrips are found, 5000 times of 30% imidacloprid (or 8000 times of 70% imidacloprid water dispersible granules of locust dandan) should be used. 7. From flower withering to early bagging before harvest (bagging at the young fruit stage, generally 25-40 days after flower wilting).

The fertilization method is mainly based on solid inorganic fertilizer, according to the needs of grape growth and development, urea is applied 3 times in the first year of planting (2 times less than soil cultivation), 50 grams of plants each time, and ternary compound fertilizer is applied 2 times, 100 grams of plants each time.

About 9 kg of urea and 12 kg of ternary compound fertilizer are applied per mu throughout the year, which are 1 5 and 1 4 of the amount of top dressing per mu of soil cultivation, of which the supplement of trace elements adopts the method of foliar spraying, and the spraying is about 2-3 times a year.

Due to the vigorous growth of substrate culture grapes, the huge root system, and the ability to resist pests and diseases is greatly improved, the application of pesticides in the first year of planting is about 3-4 times, and the result is that the annual growing season is less than 5 times. The trellis used in grape soilless cultivation is that the trellis is superior to the hedge, because the trellis is short, the grapes grow vigorously, and the fruit is not as good as the trellis. According to the test results, the use of flat scaffolding is not only easy to increase yield in the early stage, but also easy to improve the quality.

Now seedlings are generally copied.

It is planted in November in autumn, and after planting, it will also pass the winter, pay attention to the cold, and cover it with straw and plastic sheeting. Before the seedlings are planted, dig the grape ditch, apply sufficient base fertilizer, mainly organic fertilizer, supplemented by chemical fertilizer, more phosphorus and potassium, and a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer. After the end of March next year, normal management, watering, and shelves.

Growing season management begins in April. Spraying is generally prevention-oriented, fungicide-based, I planted.

There are many types of grape planting technology and facility cultivation, and when choosing facility cultivation, it is necessary to adapt measures to local conditions and adjust measures. In North China, Northwest China, winter and spring clouds are less, sunshine is sufficient, but the winter temperature is low, so in the construction of greenhouses should choose thermal insulation and energy-saving solar greenhouses, after the completion of greenhouse structure, facilities, the general application period is about 10 years, on the one hand, we should pay attention to saving investment, therefore, at the same time, we should attach great importance to the rationality of facility construction, not due to the blind pursuit of shoddy and indiscriminate construction and cause repeated maintenance in the future, will increase construction costs, reduce economic benefits.

The vines should be planted in high and sunny places, and the vines should be grown in soils with good water retention, good air permeability, and loose and fertile quality. For regular planting, the vines need plenty of light to grow in the growing area. Let them bask in the sun for 6-8 hours a day.

In summer, the temperature is high and the light is too strong, and the bright light can cause the leaves of the vines to curl and turn yellow. You can use shade nets to block out glare. The trellis should be completed before the grapes enter the growing season, and the trellis should be strong enough to withstand high winds.

Erect brackets at equal distances along the rows, the height of the brackets is meters, and the shelf surface should be perpendicular to the ground. When the sprouts have grown to about 50 cm, it is time to start directing the vines to the shelves. Once the shoots are on the shelf, water them every two weeks.

After the seedlings are planted, they should be watered every 7-10 days, and they can be watered at the beginning of growth, so that the water can penetrate into the soil to avoid residual water seepage, especially in rainy days. In the later stage of growth, large water can not be flooded, and small water can be flooded.

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It should be noted that when planting grapes, you should choose some loose soil, to strengthen water and fertilizer management, you must water more, and you also need to choose nitrogen fertilizer, pay attention not to contact the sun for a long time, and maintain it for about 40 minutes is the most appropriate.

Grape planting must be in the air permeability, quality of soft and fertile soil, grapes need sufficient sunlight to grow, but in the summer when the temperature is relatively high, so the night supper and shade back and forth to block the strong light, grape seedlings planted must be watered every interval of 7 10 days can not be flooded with large water to small water.

Choose excellent varieties, suitable soil, ensure sufficient sunlight, frequent weeding, loosening, fertilization, pruning, ensure the right temperature, and spray pesticides in time when insect pests appear.

The order of grape spraying and the introduction of medication are as follows

Spring spraying: Generally, the first spraying is carried out after the grapes sprout, mainly to prevent and control grape gray mold, powdery mildew, red spider and other pests and diseases. Commonly used drugs include copper sulfate, methyl tobuzin and other fungicides, as well as zinc oxide, sulfur and other fungicides and insecticides.

Summer spraying: During the grape growing season, due to the humid climate and high temperature, it is easy to cause grape anthracnose, powdery mildew and other diseases, and at the same time, it will also suffer from some herbivorous insects. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the work of disease prevention and insect control in summer.

Commonly used drugs include fungicides such as copper sulfate and carbendazim and insecticides such as zinc oxide and pyrethroids.

Autumn spraying: The last spray is carried out before the grapes are ripe, mainly to prevent the occurrence of downy mildew in the grapes. At the same time, the fruit needs to be cleaned and disinfected so as not to affect the quality and yield of the grapes. Commonly used drugs are fungicides such as thiophanate-methyl.

Precautions for grape planting

When selecting seedlings, the root system should be relatively complete, and when planting, the distance should be farther, which can improve its air permeability and reduce the probability of disease. However, the specific choice of what kind of variety is still based on some local environment, with the world and climate to decide whether the variety to choose is suitable for local development. If it is not suitable, then no matter how much economic value it can bring, it is not how to plant, because the results will not be very good.

During the planting period, we should also pay attention to ventilation, if planted indoors, we should also pay attention to indoor and outdoor ventilation, the time is generally from 10:00 in the morning to 2:00 in the afternoon, the number of ventilation and ventilation per day is best in one or two times, and the length of ventilation time should be determined according to the temperature of the room.

Every day, if the temperature reaches 25 or more, start the ventilation, and close the vents when the temperature drops to 22.