Types of watermelon diseases and how to prevent them

1. Watermelon vine blight, watermelon vine blight is caused by fungi, generally infecting stems and leaves, mainly to the leaves are more damaged, brown dots will appear at the beginning, and then there are inconspicuous concentric wheel patterns, when the air is humid, the whole leaf will die.

Second, watermelon leaf blight, watermelon leaf blight is a fungal disease, watermelon leaf blight generally harms the leaves of watermelon, cotyledons in the early stage, there will be water-soaked small spots on the leaf edge, and then expand to the whole leaf after drying up.

3. Watermelon slime mycosis, watermelon slime mycosis, also known as white spot disease, is a disease caused by slime molds, which generally occurs in the early stage of growth, near the base of the leaves, and forms light yellow irregular or nearly round small spots on the leaves in the early stage.

Fourth, watermelon brown rot, watermelon brown rot is caused by fungi, in the seedling stage, adult stage will occur, the seedling stage mainly harms the rhizome, causing root rot, when the adult rhizome is diseased, it will produce water-stained diffuse lesions, the cortex becomes yellow-brown, and then gradually rots, and causes the whole plant to die.

5. Watermelon bacterial horn spot disease, watermelon bacterial horn spot generally occurs on leaves, petioles, stems, tendrils and fruits, when the leaves are infected, there will be small transparent spots of needle tip size in the early stage, and then expand to form light yellow spots with yellow halos, ** become brown or gray-white perforated and ruptured, and milky white bacterial discharge will occur in the disease when the humidity is high.

6. Watermelon spot disease, also known as leaf spot disease, is a fungal disease, which generally occurs in the middle and late stages of watermelon growth, mainly harming watermelon leaves.

7. Watermelon black spot, watermelon black spot is caused by fungi, generally harms leaves, and there will be water-soaked small spots in the early stage of the disease, and then expand into round to nearly circular dark brown spots, with slightly raised edges, which often cause the whole plant to wilt.

8. Watermelon cracking disease, generally from the pedicle to produce cracks, in the young fruit stage to the ripening period can occur, generally thin peel varieties and small varieties, easy to occur, when the soil is relatively dry after watering, and high temperature and rainy weather are prone to crack fruit.

9. Watermelon fruit rot disease, at the beginning there will be several water-stained small spots on the surface of the fruit, and then expand to the dark green water-stained spots with irregular edges, the lesions generally occur on the upper surface of the fruit, and then due to the cracking of the fruit, it can cause the fruit to rot.

Common diseases of watermelon and prevention and control methods: anthrax, blight.

1. Anthrax

Symptoms: Seedlings are sick, brown semicircular or round lesions appear on the edge of the cotyledons, black or light red sticky substance on them, the base of the hypocotyl is constricted and discolored, and the seedlings are cataplexed. The leaf is diseased, and at first the oil-soaked round or spindle-shaped lesions can be seen from the back of the leaf in the sun, and the disease quickly expands, and after drying up, it becomes black or purplish-black, with purple-black circles on the periphery.

Prevention and control methods: Implement crop rotation for more than 3 years, choose well-drained sandy loam soil for planting, and do not apply farmhouse fertilizer contaminated by pathogens. Disease-free seeds are selected and disinfected.

Strengthen cultivation management. Seedlings are raised in soil without contamination by pathogens, and seedbed management is strengthened to make seedlings robust and enhance resistance. Avoid flooding when watering the field to prevent excessive soil moisture.

2. Epidemic diseases

Symptoms: The epidemic can occur in all parts of the watermelon during the whole growth period. When the juvenile disease is onset, the blight is in the whole growth period of watermelon, and the cotyledons appear round water-stained dark green disease, ** turns red, the hypocotyl shrinks near the ground, and the diseased seedlings quickly lodging and die.

When infected on the leaves, it is a dark green water-stained irregular lesion at the beginning, the edge is not obvious, the expansion is rapid when the humidity is high, the matter is rotten and boiled, and the disease turns brown when dry, and it is easy to break.

Prevention and control methods: implement 4-6 year crop rotation, control watering, avoid flood irrigation, and pay attention to ventilation and humidity. Seed sterilization is carried out before sowing. Remove diseased leaves or plants in the field in time.

Precautions for watermelon planting

There are many varieties of watermelon, some watermelons are delicious but not easy to survive, some varieties are average, but the vitality is very strong, this trembling depends on your liking, if you are not very expert, you can consult those farmers who specialize in cultivating watermelon seedlings.

Planting watermelon, in addition to the variety of watermelon, but also consider whether the planting soil quality is suitable, if the watermelon planted in the more fertile soil will definitely be very good, if the soil is too poor soil watermelon seedlings will wither in less than three or two days, so the choice of soil is also very important.

When the watermelon seedlings are just planted, it is best not to put too much fertilizer, and the distance between the watermelon seedlings and the fertilizer of each plant is best about 50 cm apart, too close, the watermelon seedlings are relatively young, the fertilizer is too salty, easy to wither, and too much fertilizer only grows seedlings and does not grow melons.