What substances can undergo a silver mirror reaction?

All substances containing aldehyde groups can undergo silver mirror reactions, including:

1.Formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, glyoxal and other aldehydes.

2.Formic acid and its salts, such as HCOOH, HCOONA, etc.

3.Formate, such as ethyl formate HCOOC2H5, propyl formate HCOOC3H7 and so on.

4.Sugars containing aldehyde groups in molecules such as glucose and maltose.

Note: Although fructose can have a silver mirror reaction, due to its complex principle, it has been completely deleted after the reform of textbooks in 2002 (before the education reform, it was only a reference content, not within the scope of the college entrance examination requirements). When students learn knowledge, they should try their best to distinguish what is required by the college entrance examination, which is beyond the curriculum, which is the key point, and which is not the key point, so that it is possible to concentrate and study the key knowledge thoroughly and grasp it firmly.

References (note: content that has nothing to do with the college entrance examination): glucose and fructose are isomers of each other, glucose is a polyhydroxyaldehyde (aldose sugar), fructose is a polyhydroxy ketone (ketose), there is no aldehyde group in the fructose molecule, but the silver mirror reaction can occur, the reason is that fructose is isomerized in the alkaline solution, forming an aldehyde group (one is to become aldehyde through enolation.

The second is that cracking occurs to produce organic matter containing aldehyde groups).Therefore, fructose can also undergo a silver mirror reaction when it meets a silver ammonia solution (alkaline solution).

Reaction conditions. Under alkaline conditions, the water bath is heated.

Requirements for reactants:

1.Formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, glyoxal and other aldehydes.

That is, it contains aldehyde groups (such as various aldehydes, as well as a certain ester of formate, etc.) (glyoxal needs 4mol

Silver ammonia solution because there are two aldehyde groups).

2.Formic acid and its salts, such as HCOOH, HCOONA, etc.

3.Formate, such as ethyl formate HCOOC2H5, propyl formate HCOOC3H7 and so on.

4.Sugars containing aldehyde groups in molecules such as glucose and maltose.

Experimental principle: Reaction equation.

CH3CHO+2AG(NH3)2OH (water bath)CH3COONH4+2AG +3NH3+H2O

The combined silver is reduced and the acetaldehyde is oxidized.

Note: The principle is the weak oxidation of silver ammonia solution. In this test, other reducing substances can be used instead of acetaldehyde, such as glucose (similar to acetaldehyde, but also has an aldehyde group).

Formaldehyde (which can be seen as having two aldehyde groups) is oxidized to ammonium carbonate (NH4) 2CO3C6H12O6+2AG (NH3) 2OH ---heated in water bath) C5H11O5CoonH4+3NH3+2AG+H2O

Reaction equation for glucose.

To reflect the internal structure of glucose and the breakage of bonds:

CH2OH-CHOH-CHOH-CHOH-CHOH-CHOH-CH+2AG(NH3)2OH (water bath heating).

ch2oh-choh-choh-choh-choh-coonh4+2ag↓+3nh3+h2o

The phenomenon of the silver mirror reaction is that the resulting metallic silver adheres to the inner wall of the container, making it as bright as a mirror.

A common silver mirror reaction is a reaction in which silver ammonia complexes (also known as Duolun reagents) are reduced to silver by aldehydes and oxidized to corresponding carboxylate ions, but in addition, some monovalent silver compounds (such as silver nitrate) can also be reduced by reducing agents (such as hydrazine) to produce silver mirrors.

The silver mirror reaction is usually one of the middle school chemistry experiments. This reaction is used in laboratories to identify compounds containing aldehyde groups, and in industry it is used to coat glass with silver to make mirrors and thermos flasks.

No, the silver mirror reaction only tests glucose, and the Filin test tests detect monosaccharides (glucose, galactose,).

The silver mirror reaction is used to test glucose, and the Ferin reaction is used to test the aldehyde group.

Silver mirror reaction phenomenon: The silver generated by reduction adheres to the wall of the test tube to form a silver mirror, and this reaction is called silver mirror reaction.

Ferin reaction phenomenon: brick-red precipitate appears, which proves the presence of aldehyde groups.

The silver mirror reacts to the uniform silvery powder on the wall of the test tube.

Add 1ml of 2% silver nitrate solution to a clean test tube, and then drip 2% dilute ammonia drop by drop while shaking the test tube until the initial precipitate happens to dissolve (the resulting solution is called silver ammonia solution).Add another 3 drops of acetaldehyde, shake and warm the tube in hot water. Soon you can see that a layer of metallic silver is attached to the inner wall of the test tube, which is as bright as a mirror.

Add 1ml of 2% silver nitrate solution to a clean test tube, and then drip 2% dilute ammonia drop by drop while shaking the test tube, only the initial precipitate is just dissolved (this is the resulting solution called silver ammonia solution).After instilling 3 drops of acetaldehyde, shake and warm the tube in hot water. Soon you can see that a layer of metallic silver is attached to the inner wall of the test tube, which is as bright as a mirror.

In this reaction, the silver ammonia solution produced by silver nitrate and ammonia contains silver hydroxide ammonia, which is a weak oxidizing agent that oxidizes acetaldehyde to acetic acid, which in turn reacts with ammonia to form ammonia acetate, and the silver ions are reduced to metallic silver. The silver produced by reduction adheres to the wall of the test tube to form a silver mirror, and this reaction is called the silver mirror reaction. CH3CHO+2AG(NH3)2+ 2OH- CH3COONH4+2AG +3NH3+H2O The principle is the weak oxidation of silver ammonia solution.

In this test, other reducing substances can be used instead of acetaldehyde, such as glucose.

All substances containing aldehyde groups can undergo silver mirror reaction. All substances containing aldehyde groups can undergo silver mirror reaction, including: formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, glyoxal and other aldehydes; Formic acid and its salts, such as HCOOH, HCOONA, etc. Formate, such as ethyl formate HCOOC2H5, propyl formate HCOOC3H7 and so on. Sugars containing aldehyde groups in molecules such as glucose and maltose.

Glucose and fructose are isomers of each other, glucose is a polyhydroxyaldehyde (aldose sugar), fructose is a polyhydroxy ketone (ketose), there is no aldehyde group in the fructose molecule, but the silver mirror reaction can occur, the reason is that fructose is isomerized in alkaline solution, and aldehyde groups are generated (one is turned into aldose by enolation, and the other is the splitting of the aldehyde group to produce organic matter containing aldehyde groups). Therefore, fructose can also undergo a silver mirror reaction when it meets a silver ammonia solution (alkaline solution).

Silver Mirror reaction

The silver mirror reaction is a chemical reaction in which the solution of silver compounds is reduced to metallic silver, and it is called the silver mirror reaction because the metallic silver produced is attached to the inner wall of the container and is as bright as a mirror. A common silver mirror reaction is a reaction in which silver ammonia complexes are reduced to silver by aldehydes and oxidized to the corresponding carboxylic acid ions, but in addition, some silver compounds (such as silver nitrate) can also be reduced by reducing agents to produce silver mirrors.

The substances that can undergo silver mirror reaction are: aldehyde, formic acid, formate, formate, glucose, maltose - all substances containing aldehyde groups.

A common silver mirror reaction is the reduction of silver ammonia complexes (ammonia-silver complexes, also known as Toren reagents) to silver by aldehyde compounds, and the oxidation of aldehydes to the corresponding carboxylic acid ions, but in addition, some silver compounds (such as silver nitrate) can also be reduced by reducing agents (such as hydrazine) to produce silver mirrors.

Silver mirror reaction is a chemical reaction in which the solution of silver (AG) compounds is reduced to metallic silver, and it is called silver mirror reaction because the metallic silver generated is attached to the inner wall of the container and is as bright as a mirror.