What are the more important contents of Mencius and Gaozi

The core idea of Mencius is that the people are precious, the community is secondary, and the monarch is light.

Mencius pointed out that "the people are precious, the community is secondary, and the monarch is light", and believed that in order to protect the interests of the people, the monarch should take caring for the people as a prerequisite. Therefore, the Mandate of Heaven lies in the will of the people and not in the monarch, and if the monarch is unreasonable, the people can overthrow him; But if the monarch has a will, the people should be at their posts.

Faxian Wang: Mencius advocated benevolent government, and it was necessary to follow the royal rule of the previous kings (Yao, Shun, Yu, Tang, Wen, Wu, Chengwang, and Zhou Gong), so that benevolent government could be implemented in the world.

Benevolent government and the royal road: Mencius advocated that to implement benevolent government, you must first have benevolence, and then implement benevolent government. Mencius believed that if people have a heart of forbearance, they have a government of intolerability.

Benevolent government is a condition that must be possessed by those who unify the world. The specific manifestation of benevolent government is to enable the state to give the people the royal way to live and work in peace and contentment, to implement the royal way, and to respect the virtuous and empowered.

Artistic features of Mencius:

The language of Mencius is clear and clear, plain and shallow, and at the same time concise and accurate. As a prose, Mencius is good at argumentation, more artistically expressive, and has the nature of literary prose. The argumentative essay cleverly uses the method of logical reasoning.

Mencius skillfully used analogical reasoning, often trying to capture the past, repeatedly interrogating him, and introducing the other party into his preset conclusions in a roundabout way, such as "The Second King of Liang Hui".

Momentum is an important stylistic feature of Mencius's prose. This style stems from the power of Mencius's personality cultivation. A person with this kind of grandeur is able to overwhelm the other in spirit, to despise political power, to despise material greed, to be extraordinary, upright, selfless and fearless.

Mencius uses a large number of rhetorical devices such as arranging even sentences and overlapping sentences. to enhance the momentum of the article, so that the atmosphere of the text is magnificent, if the river is broken, it can be controlled.

Mencius's book is mainly a compilation of Mencius's own remarks, recording Mencius's own statecraft thoughts, political strategies and other contents, together with the Analects, the University, and the Mean, collectively known as the Four Books.

The confession said: "The sex is still like a willow, and the righteousness is still a willow; Take human nature as benevolence and righteousness, and take the willow as the canopy. The confessor said, "Human nature is like a willow, and righteousness is like a cup and a plate; Making human nature benevolent and righteous is like making a cup and plate of wolfberry. ”

Mencius, Translation of the Confession of the Son:

Mencius said: "Can the son follow the nature of the willow and think that it is a coffin? Will the thief and then think that it is also a coffin? If the thief is regarded as a thief, then the thief is also regarded as benevolent and righteous. Those who lead the people of the world and cause harm to the righteous and righteous will be the husband of the son! ”

Mencius said, "Can you make a cup and plate according to the characteristics of the willow, or can you hurt its characteristics and make it into a cup and plate?" If it hurts its character and makes it into a cup and plate, then it also hurts human nature and makes it righteous?

It must be your argument that leads the people of the world to bring disaster to righteousness! ”