What are the common types of organized drainage schemes?

Due to different specific conditions, the organized drainage scheme can be divided into two types: external drainage and internal drainage.

External drainage refers to a drainage scheme in the form of rainwater drainage in the form of rainwater drainage of rainwater pipes installed outside the outer wall of the building, no rainwater bucket on the roof, and no rainwater pipes inside the building, the structure is simple, the rainwater pipe does not enter the room, which is conducive to indoor appearance and reduces leakage, and is widely used, especially suitable for collapsible loess.

area, which can avoid the subsidence of the foundation caused by the leakage of the water drop pipe, the southern region.

Multi-priority adoption. According to whether there is a gutter on the roof.

It can be divided into gutter drainage system and gutter drainage system.

1) External drainage type.

a.Drainage outside the eaves gutter.

Rainwater from the roof collects into the gutters that cantilevered over the outside of the wall and is drained down by the downpipes. When a building has a high or low roof, rainwater from the high roof can be drained to the low roof first, and then introduced into the ground through the eaves gutter of the low roof. When using the gutter drainage scheme, the horizontal distance of the water flow route should not exceed 24m to avoid roof leakage.

b.Parapet wall external drainage.

When the overhang is not desirable due to the needs of the architectural modeling, the exterior wall is usually raised to seal the roof, and the part of the exterior wall above the roof is called the parapet. This scheme features a rainwater pipe that collects rainwater on the roof and flows through the parapet into the outside.

c.Parapet wall overhangs the eaves for drainage.

Parapet wall eaves gutter external drainage scheme, characterized by the roof cornice.

There are both parapets and eaves gutters. This form is often used on the roof of the Venerable Master and the roof of the water storage, using the parapet wall as an enclosure and the eaves ditch to collect rainwater.

d.Drain outside the hidden pipe.

Concealed rainwater pipes are hidden in false columns or hollow walls.

2) Internal drainage type.

It refers to a rainwater drainage system with a rainwater bucket on the roof and a rainwater pipe inside the building. The internal drainage system can be divided into single-bucket drainage system and multi-bucket drainage system, open internal drainage system and closed internal drainage system.

Outer drainage, inner drainage, mixed drainage.

Drainage system refers to the systematic way of collecting, transporting and disposing of sewage (domestic sewage, industrial wastewater, rainwater, etc.).

As far as the drainage system is concerned, there are two types: the confluence system and the diversion system.

1.The confluence system is a system that integrates sewage (waste) water and rainwater. The confluence system is divided into in-line discharge type and interception type, the in-line discharge type directly collects sewage and discharges the water body, and the interception type is to build the interception main pipe near the river, and at the same time, an overflow well is set up before or at the intersection of the confluence main pipe and the interception main pipe, and a sewage treatment plant is set up downstream of the interception main pipe When the flow rate of mixed sewage exceeds the water transmission capacity of the interception main pipe, part of the sewage overflows through the overflow well and is directly discharged into the water body; According to the situation, the confluence system can be divided into three types: in-line confluence system, interception confluence system, and full-treatment confluence system.

2.The diversion system is a system in which sewage (waste) water and rainwater are discharged in two or more pipes and canals, with complete diversion and incomplete diversion, and the complete diversion system has a sewage drainage system and a rainwater drainage system; The incomplete diversion system has not built a stormwater drainage system. In the diversion system, there can also be separate systems for sewage and clean wastewater for easy treatment or reuse.

The combined system is low cost and easy to construct, but it is not conducive to sewage treatment and system management. The split system is expensive but easy to maintain and good for wastewater treatment. The diversion system is a system that discharges domestic sewage, industrial wastewater and rainwater in two or more independent pipes.

According to the different ways of removing rainwater, the diversion system can be divided into three types: complete diversion system, incomplete diversion system and interception diversion system.

1) Drainage outside the eaves ditch (1) Drainage outside the eaves of the flat roof: This scheme usually adopts reinforced concrete eaves, because it is a cantilever member, in order to prevent overturning, the following methods are often fixed: cast-in-place type, prefabricated shelving type, self-weight excavation balance type, as shown in Figure 6-11.

Drainage outside the eaves is to make the roof rainwater flow directly into the eaves ditch, and then lead the water into the water outlet from the longitudinal slope of the ditch. This scheme is drained: the water is unobstructed, and the height of the eaves gutter can be determined according to the building size.

Flat roof overhanging gutter drainage is a commonly used form of drainage. (2) External drainage of the eaves of the sloping roof: The external drainage gutter is hung at the eaves of the sloping roof, as shown in Figure 6-12, and can be made of lightweight materials such as galvanized steel plate or asbestos cement, and cast iron, plastic, terracotta, asbestos cement and other materials can still be used for the water fall pipe field reform.

The longitudinal slope of the eaves ditch is generally formed by the eaves hanging obliquely, and it is not suitable to cushion the material in the ditch to start the slope. 2) Parapet wall to judge external drainage When the outer wall around the house is higher than the roof, the eaves are formed, and the section of the outer wall above the roof is also called the parapet wall. If a longitudinal slope with a slope of 1% is made at the junction of the parapet and the roof, let the rainwater flow along the longitudinal slope to the elbow water drop, and then flow into the water drop bucket and water drop pipe outside the wall, that is, the drainage outside the parapet wall is formed.

Drainage outside the gutter: aFlat roof overhanging eaves outside drainage:

The drainage is smooth and the height of the eaves ditch depends on the size of the building. This scheme is a commonly used form of hail drainage. b.

Drainage outside the eaves of the slope roof: The longitudinal slope of the eaves ditch is generally formed by the oblique hanging of the eaves, and it is not suitable to cushion the material in the ditch to start the slope. Parapet wall external drainage.

Make a longitudinal slope with a slope of 1% at the junction of the parapet and the roof, let the rainwater flow along the longitudinal slope to the elbow water drop, and then flow into the water drop bucket and water drop pipe of the outer wall, that is, the external drainage of the parapet wall is formed. This scheme does not drain as smoothly as the outside of the gutter. The construction of the external drainage scheme of the flat roof parapet wall is relatively simple, the economy is good, and the building is simple, which is a common form.

The inner eaves ditch of the external drainage of the slope roof parapet wall is not well drained and is easy to leak, so it should be used with caution.

The organized drainage scheme can be divided into two basic forms: external drainage and internal drainage, and the commonly used external drainage methods include external drainage of the parapet wall, external drainage of the eaves, and external ruler of the eaves of the parapet wall.

In general, the external drainage scheme should be used as much as possible, because the organized drainage structure is more complex and easy to cause leakage. However, for the middle span of multi-span houses, in order to simplify the structure, the façade treatment of high-rise buildings and the cold area to prevent the freezing and clogging of the water drop pipe, the internal drainage method can be adopted. In general civil buildings, the most commonly used drainage methods are external drainage of parapet walls and external drainage of eaves.

1) Divide the drainage area: the setting of the drainage route should be reasonable in length under the premise of ensuring that the roof drainage is usual, 2) determine the number of drainage slopes and the drainage slope: the building with a small roof width can use single slope drainage, but the roof width is larger, such as more than 12m should be double.

slope drainage; 3) Determine the cross-sectional size and longitudinal slope of the eaves and gutters: the cross-sectional size should be appropriate, and the longitudinal drainage slope should be set at the bottom of the ditch along the length direction.

4) Specifications and spacing of water drop pipes: civil construction.

General use. 100mm。Stormwater pipes should be evenly arranged to give full play to their drainage capacity. In general, there should be no less than two outlets for each roof or gutter.

5) Rainwater inlet structure: divided into horizontal rainwater.

There are two types: mouth and vertical stormwater inlet.

1) Divide the drainage area: the setting of the drainage route should be reasonable in length under the premise of ensuring that the roof drainage is usual, 2) determine the number of drainage slopes and the drainage slope: the building with a small roof width can use single-slope drainage, but the roof width is larger, such as more than 12m when it is advisable to use double-slope drainage; 3) Determine the cross-sectional size and longitudinal slope of the eaves and gutters

The size of the section should be appropriate, and the longitudinal drainage slope should be set at the bottom of the ditch along the length direction 4) The specifications and spacing of the water drop pipe: 100mm is generally used for civil buildings. Stormwater pipes should be evenly arranged to give full play to their drainage capacity.

In general, there should be no less than two outlets for each roof or gutter. 5) Rainwater inlet structure: It is divided into two types: horizontal rainwater inlet and vertical rainwater inlet.

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I'm glad to answer for you: pumps, pumps, manpower, and dredging downspouts. Extended informationOrganized drainage refers to a drainage method in which roof rainwater is discharged to the surface of the ground or underground pipe ditch in an organized manner through the gutters, rainwater outlets, and rainwater pipes of the drainage system.

This drainage method has a more complex structure, and the cost is relatively high, but it reduces the adverse effects of rainwater on the building, so it is widely used in construction projects. When the building is high, the annual precipitation is large, or the building is more important, the organized drainage method should be adopted. This drainage mode structure is more complex, and the cost is relatively high but reduces the adverse effects of rainwater on the building, so it is widely used in the construction project.

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Summary. Hello dear, the drainage organization design steps of flat roof are as follows:1

Determine the number of drainage slopes (slopes) In general, when the width of the flat roof roof of the street building is less than 12, single-slope drainage can be used: when the width is greater than 12, double-slope drainage should be used. The sloping roof should be combined with the requirements of the building to choose single-slope, double-slope or four-slope drainage.

2. Divide the drainage areaThe purpose of dividing the drainage area is to reasonably arrange the water downpipe. The area of the drainage area refers to the area of the horizontal projection of the roof, and the maximum catchment area of the roof of each water drop pipe should not be greater than 200m2. The spacing of the storm water inlets is 18 to 24m.

Hello dear, the drainage organization design steps of flat roof are as follows:1Determine the number of drainage slopes (Bi Tuo late slope) Under normal circumstances, when the width of the flat roof roof of the street building is less than 12, single-slope drainage can be used

When its width is greater than 12, it is advisable to use double-slope drainage. The sloping roof should be combined with the requirements of the building to choose single-slope, double-slope or four-slope drainage. 2. Divide the drainage areaThe purpose of dividing the drainage area is to arrange the water drop pipe reasonably.

The area of the drainage area refers to the area of the horizontal projection of the roof, and the maximum catchment area of the roof of each water drop pipe should not be greater than 200m2. The spacing of the storm water inlets is 18 to 24m.

3. Determine the material and cross-sectional form and size of the gutter, that is, the drainage ditch on the roof, which is located at the cornice. The purpose of setting up gutters is to collect roof rainwater and remove roof rainwater in an organized manner. Gutters have a variety of practices depending on the type of roof.

For example, the sloping roof can be made of reinforced concrete, galvanized iron sheet, asbestos cement and other materials into trough or triangular gutters. The gutter closure of the flat roof is generally made of reinforced concrete, and when the external drainage scheme of the parapet wall is adopted, the inclined roof and the vertical wall can be used to form a triangular gutter: when the external drainage scheme of the eaves is adopted, the rectangular gutter is usually made with a special trough plate.

4, to determine the specifications and spacing of the water drop pipe according to the different materials of cast iron, galvanized iron, plastic, asbestos cement and pottery, etc., at present cast iron and plastic water drop pipe, its diameter has 50mm, 75mm, 100mm, 125mm, 150mm, 200mm several specifications, the most commonly used water drop pipe diameter of general civil buildings is 100mm, the area of the smaller exposed large attack platform or balcony can use 50mm or 75mm water drop pipe. The position of the water drop pipe should be at the solid wall, the spacing is generally within 18, and the maximum spacing should not exceed 24m, because the imitation spacing is too large, the longer the longitudinal slope surface at the bottom of the ditch, the thickening of the slope material in the ditch, reducing the water capacity of the gutter, causing rainwater to overflow to the roof and causing leakage or gushing out from the outside of the gutter.

What are the factors that affect the size of a house, with examples.

1.Floor area, 2Pooled area.

3 indoor units. Excessive construction area will lead to a decrease in the usable area of the house, generally only the old house has a large construction area; The public pool refers to the public pool in the corridor, a ladder of 2 households is larger than the public pool of 1 ladder and 3 households, and the most occupied area is the elevator, and the general area of Wang Songlou with the judgment of Lingchen elevator has to reach at least 13 square meters.

1. What are the classifications of drainage systems?

Water supply and drainage are very important in concealed engineering, and a little attention will leave many problems, and the drainage system is the top priority, and it has a variety of classification methods:

1. According to the type of drainage.

1) domestic drainage system: that is, the drainage system that excludes the sewage and wastewater in the living room of the building, the system is functionally divided into two categories of sewage (such as toilet urinal water) and waste (such as kitchen washing water), and the wastewater discharged from the building can also be turned into miscellaneous water after treatment, which is used to flush toilets or irrigate greening.

2) Industrial wastewater drainage system: It is the drainage system used in the factory, which collects the wastewater of different properties discharged from each workshop in the factory with pipelines in the industrial enterprise and sends it to the wastewater utilization and treatment structure. The treated water can be reused, discharged into a water body or discharged into the city's drainage system.

3) Roof drainage system: installed on the roof, used to quickly discharge the rain and snow water on the roof, to avoid the drainage system that produces water on the roof, in the construction project, the roof dust banquet drainage is divided into two ways: organized drainage and unorganized drainage.

2. The layout of the drainage pipes.

It can be divided into two categories: outdoor drainage system and indoor drainage system.

3. According to the form of drainage.

It can be divided into two types: same-layer drainage and different-layer drainage.

Second, the domestic drainage system is an integral part of the faction.

1. End point equipment.

That is, drainage equipment, all kinds of sanitary ware and bathing appliances that need water.

2. Drainage pipeline system.

The drainage pipe connected to the sanitary appliances is composed of a drainage branch pipe, a riser, a main horizontal pipe main pipe buried in the indoor ground, and a discharge pipe that drains to the outside.

3. Ventilation system.

In order to prevent the destruction of the water seal caused by air pressure fluctuations and make toxic gases enter the room, the drainage system will also set up a ventilation system, mainly to make the drainage pipe communicate with the atmosphere, stabilize the air pressure fluctuation of the drainage pipe, and make the water flow smooth.

4. Clearing equipment.

In order to avoid the embarrassing scene of mobile phones, rings, jewelry and other objects accidentally falling into the drainage pipe, and to ensure the smooth drainage, a "cleaning equipment" will be set up on the drainage pipe of the building. For example, there is a cleaning port on the horizontal branch pipe, an inspection port on the riser, and an inspection well on the buried horizontal pipe.

5. Local lifting equipment.

When the sewage and wastewater in the underground room cannot be discharged to the outdoors, the lifting equipment must be set up to ensure the normal operation of the drainage system, and the sewage and wastewater located in the underground are pressurized and discharged into the discharge pipe, and then discharged to the outside.

6. Sewage local treatment structures.

When the indoor sewage does not meet the discharge requirements of the municipal pipe network or cannot be connected to the municipal pipe network, local treatment must be carried out, such as: grease trap, septic tank, etc.