Liang Qichao s Economic Thought on the General Discussion of Changing the Law and His Evaluation 5

The direct reason for the publication of the "General Discussion on Changing the Law" is to arouse envy

1. He was influenced by Kang Youwei and believed that China must carry out reform and reform to deal with the crisis of foreign aggression and internal corruption.

2. He served as the chief writer of Shanghai's "Shi Ji Bao", using newspapers and periodicals to propagate the idea of changing the law, criticizing and erecting the stubbornness and ignorance of conservatives.

3. Inspired by Japan's Meiji Restoration, he advocated learning from Western political factional, economic, educational, military and other systems, and reforming the imperial examinations, bureaucrats, schools and other systems of the Qing Dynasty.

Stressing that whether or not we can carry out the law change is a major issue that has a bearing on the survival of the Chinese nation.

The core proposition of Liang Qichao's general discussion on law reform is to reform the current corrupt bureaucratic system and the system of selecting scholars through the imperial examinations, and to establish new-style schools to train people for law reform.

Pentecostal Variation.

It refers to the bourgeois political reform carried out by the reformists led by Kang You through the Guangxu Emperor in 1898 (the year of Wuxu in the lunar calendar), and was a political reform movement during the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty in China (1898). The main contents are: learning from the West, advocating science and culture, reforming the political and educational systems, and developing agriculture, industry, and commerce.

This movement was strongly opposed by the conservative faction led by the Empress Dowager Cixi, and in September of that year, the Empress Dowager Cixi and others staged a coup d'état, Guangxu was imprisoned, and the reformers Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao fled to France and Japan respectively. Tan Si and 6 others (the six gentlemen of Wuxu) were killed, and the reform, which lasted only one hundred and three days, finally failed. Therefore, the Wuxu Reform Law is also called the Hundred Days Restoration.

Pentecostal Variation.

The Wuxu Reform Law refers to the bourgeois political reform carried out by the reformists led by Kang You through the Guangxu Emperor in 1898, and was a political reform movement during the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty in China.

The Wuxu Reform Law is also called the Hundred Days Restoration.

(1) According to Bismarck's words in material 1, comparing the differences between the Japanese and Chinese in learning from the West, Liang Qichao borrowed Bismarck's words in order to express his concern that the Chinese people at that time paid too much attention to and attached importance to armaments and economics while ignoring the choice of spirit, knowledge reserves and political system. Implicit in his thoughts on the importance of a country's culture and system building.

2) Judging from the second material, this is the Wuxu Reform in China's modern history, and this reform movement is a bourgeois patriotic political movement in history, which has accelerated the process of China's modernization and has patriotic and progressive significance. This change has spread the information widely.

The political theories and natural science knowledge of the bourgeoisie played a role in the ideological enlightenment of Chinese society.

3) On June 11, 1898, Emperor Guangxu promulgated the "Edict on the Establishment of the Country", marking the beginning of the reform of the law. On September 21, 1898, the Empress Dowager Cixi staged a coup d'état and went on a massive hunt for reformers. The killing of the "Six Gentlemen of Wuxu" is a sign of the failure of the reform.

The bloody lesson of the failure of this reform is that the political struggle of the bourgeoisie cannot replace the bourgeois revolution.

Material 1: Japan relies on changing the law to achieve national strength, and the key to learning from Chinese is to become strong.

Material 2: Westernization Movement.

The reform failed, but to a certain extent, China's national industry was developed.

The economy is the foundation of the country.

In Liang Qichao's writing, economic issues are mentioned in a very important position. He believes that today's world can only be stable and prosperous if the economy is the winner. Therefore, "the glory of a country grows or declines, but it is determined by the victory or defeat of the competition for the livelihood of the people."

Liang Qichao believes that economics and politics are often closely related, and economic aggression and economic defense are the biggest issues that global politicians must always consider. When economic aggression begins, on the surface, it is an individual action, which has nothing to do with the state, it is an economic phenomenon, with political military attachés. In fact, there is no country after Lifu, and the individual will go first, and the country will follow it.

The phenomenon of livelihood and politics are always inseparable. Any country that is economically enslaved will soon be politically enslaved.

Liang Qichao saw not only the relationship between economy and politics, but also the relationship between economy and military. He quoted Binnsser's words: "In ancient times, in a military and political society, all industrial facilities were regarded as subsidies for the developed military; In this world, it is an industrial society, and all military facilities are subsidies for the protection of industry.

Binnsser's words are not entirely correct, but he points out the fact that in modern society, military action ultimately serves economic interests, and it is quite plausible.