What are the important parts and key processes in the construction of water conservancy projects

No matter what the project is, the most important thing in construction is safety, the safety of construction personnel, and the safety of construction quality. As far as water conservancy projects are concerned, the quality and safety control is reflected in the qualification review of construction raw materials, the supervision of construction technology, and the foundation treatment in the early stage of construction.

Slope treatment, consolidation grouting in the later stage of construction, curtain grouting.

seam grouting, etc.

Curtain grouting is a grouting project that pours grout into the cracks and pores of the rock mass or soil layer to form a continuous water-blocking curtain to reduce the seepage flow and reduce the osmotic pressure.

Curtain grouting: The construction of seepage curtains by grout in the rock or gravel foundation of a lock dam. The top of the curtain is connected with the concrete sluice bottom plate or dam body, and the bottom is deep into the relatively impervious rock layer to a certain depth to prevent or reduce the infiltration of groundwater in the foundation; In conjunction with the drainage system located downstream, it also reduces the lifting pressure of the seepage flow on the dam. Since the 20th century, curtain grouting has been the main means of anti-seepage treatment of hydraulic building foundations, and plays an important role in ensuring the safe operation of hydraulic buildings.

Critical process, the process where the total time difference is equal to zero is called the critical operation, and the earliest start time and the latest start time of the critical operation are the same, and there is no delay time.

Critical route, the route from the sending point to the receiving point composed of key operations in the network diagram is called the critical route. Critical routes may not be unique and may change after certain technical and organizational measures are taken.

The distance from the start event to the end event, the longest route, is also the completion time of the project, this route is called the critical route in the network plan, and the operations on the critical route are called critical operations.

1. The water flow needs to be controlled: in order to build on the river, the water flow must be controlled.

2. Measures should be taken for meteorological changes: most of the water conservancy projects are carried out in the open air, spring, summer, autumn and winter, rainfall and snowfall, in order to avoid climate interference affecting the construction progress and quality, corresponding guarantee measures should be taken.

3. The quality of the centennial plan is the first: the construction of water conservancy projects, the one-time investment is high, the service life is long, and it is related to the safety of millions of people in the downstream of the water-retaining buildings, and the inferior projects will bring irreparable losses to the national economy, so the quality of the centennial plan is not a slogan.

4. Many departments involved should be comprehensively planned: such as flood control, power generation, shipping, irrigation, industrial and urban water, etc., should be considered in a unified manner and properly arranged, which increases the complexity of construction.

5. The importance of the preparation workload before construction is large: water conservancy projects are often built in valley areas, and the traffic is inconvenient, and it is often necessary to build traffic roads inside and outside the construction site, and office and living rooms used in the construction process of auxiliary enterprises serving the construction. Facilities other than these projects tend to have a large workload and must be given full attention to meet the construction requirements and to reduce the project investment.

6. There are many single buildings in the hub project, which is prone to construction interference: there are many single buildings in the hub, the layout is relatively concentrated, the amount of work is large, there are many types of work, and the construction is often limited by terrain conditions, which is prone to interference. Therefore, the organization and management of on-site construction is very important.

It is required to apply the principle of system engineering in the construction to select the optimal construction plan according to the time and place.

7. We must pay attention to the safety of construction: water conservancy engineering construction often requires blasting operations, underground operations, water and underwater operations, and high-altitude operations.

1) Water conservancy projects mostly involve reservoirs, dams, channel lining, embankments, culverts and other construction projects, which are greatly affected by the flood season and season, and must ensure the construction safety under the invasion of factors such as rain and frost damage, and the above factors are related to meteorology, it is difficult to accurately grasp them, and they belong to the scope of force majeure, and there are great hidden dangers in the safety production management of construction.

2) Water conservancy projects often have a long construction front, a large distance between construction sites, and many types of construction teams, which are very inconvenient to contact each other, and the safety management of the entire construction project is difficult.

3) The construction site of water conservancy projects is mostly "open-air" operation, which cannot be very effectively closed and isolated, which increases the difficulty of safety management of production personnel, traffic vehicles, construction site equipment, construction objects and site materials.

4) In the construction of water conservancy projects, the construction materials and construction technology currently used are relatively backward, and the protection facilities are not complete. If the formwork is affected by the material, the reliability is low, and the safety safety devices of construction machinery such as mixers, vibrators, and excavators are backward, which is easy to cause mechanical injury, which also poses a challenge to the safety of engineering construction personnel.

5) Among the workers recruited at the water conservancy project site, 70% are migrant workers, with a low level of education, their knowledge level, safety awareness, etc., can not quickly adapt to the working conditions and environment of the water conservancy industry, do not understand the construction procedures of water conservancy projects, generally do not go through basic training and safety education, lack of basic safety knowledge and safety awareness, and have weak safety adaptability in the process of project implementation, which increases potential safety hazards for themselves and others.

The general requirements for the construction sequence of water conservancy projects do not include acceptance preparation, the project feasibility study report has been approved, and after the annual water conservancy investment plan is issued, the project legal person can carry out the construction preparation work, the main contents of which include:

1) Land acquisition and demolition at the construction site;

2) Complete construction water, electricity, communications, road and site leveling projects;

3) Necessary temporary construction projects for production and living;

4) Implement approved emergency projects, test projects and other special projects;

5) Organize bidding design, consulting, equipment and material procurement and other services;

6) Organize relevant supervision bidding and organize the preparation of bidding for the main project.

Knowledge point 2: The construction of engineering construction projects, except for some special projects that are not suitable for bidding (subject to the approval of the water administrative department), must be subject to bidding and bidding. The bidding and bidding of water conservancy construction projects shall be carried out in accordance with relevant laws, administrative regulations and the "Regulations on the Administration of Bidding and Bidding for Water Conservancy Engineering Construction Projects" and other rules and regulations.

The general requirements for the construction sequence of water conservancy projects do not include bidding design: According to the regulations of the Ministry of Water Resources on the construction procedures of water conservancy projects, the construction preparation stage does not include bidding design.

The general requirements for the construction sequence of water conservancy projects do not include acceptance preparation. 1。Construction water flow control:

It is the water flow control in the whole construction of water conservancy and hydropower projects, also known as the diversion of the attack, which refers to the engineering measures of "diversion, interception, blocking, storage and discharge" taken to avoid the adverse effects of water flow on the construction.

2。Cofferdam: The cofferdam is a temporary water retaining building in the diversion project, which is used to enclose the foundation pit and ensure that the hydraulic building can be constructed on dry ground.

3。Sectional cofferdam diversion: also known as staged cofferdam method diversion, that is, the cofferdam is used to enclose the building in sections and phases for construction.

4.Diversion of the whole section of cofferdam: build a broken cofferdam in the upstream and downstream of the main project of the riverbed, so that the water can flow through the temporary or permanent buildings outside the riverbed

5。Diversion standard: The diversion standard is the standard for selecting the diversion design flow for construction diversion design, which includes the initial diversion standard, the diversion standard when the dam body is blocked, etc.

6。Diversion scheme: refers to the combination of different diversion periods and different diversion methods.

7.Interception: On the eve of the full construction of the main building in the riverbed, cut off the original riverbed water flow, and divert the river water to drain the water into the building.

8.Blasting: The energy of explosives is used to crush the surrounding rocks, concrete or soil and other media.

Characteristics of water conservancy and hydropower engineering construction (1) The construction of water conservancy and hydropower projects is often carried out on rivers, which is greatly affected by natural conditions such as geomorphology, geology, hydrology, and meteorology. Construction diversion, cofferdam filling and foundation pit drainage are the controlling factors of construction progress. (2) Water conservancy and hydropower projects are mostly located in remote valley areas with inconvenient transportation, far away from the rear base, the procurement and transportation of building materials, the entry and exit of machinery and equipment, the cost is high, and the fluctuation is large.

3) The construction of water conservancy and hydropower projects has a large amount of work, many types of technical work, high construction intensity, and serious environmental interference, so it is necessary to repeatedly compare and demonstrate and optimize the construction plan in order to ensure the construction quality. (4) In the construction process of water conservancy and hydropower projects, there are many stone blasting, tunnel excavation, water and underwater and high-altitude operations, so great attention must be paid to construction safety.

Brother, you have a level of this question!!

Overview of water conservancy engineering constructionThe main construction objects are mostly earthwork, stonework, concrete, metal structures and mechanical and electrical equipment installation projects; Some construction methods are the same; Some construction machinery can be general-purpose; The organization and management of certain constructions can also be used as a reference for each other.

The work of constructing water conservancy projects in accordance with the requirements of engineering structure, quantity, quality, progress, and cost proposed in the design. Including construction preparation, construction technology and construction management. With the development of science and technology, water conservancy engineering construction has become an independent discipline.

The construction of water conservancy projects also has its own characteristics:

1. Water conservancy projects undertake the tasks of water retention, water storage and water discharge, so there are special requirements for the stability of hydraulic buildings, wax pressure, seepage prevention, impact resistance, wear resistance, frost resistance, crack resistance and other properties, and special construction methods and measures should be taken in accordance with the technical specifications of water conservancy projects to ensure the quality of the project.

2. The requirements of water conservancy projects on the foundation are relatively strict, and the project is often located in the area and part where the geological conditions are more complex, and the foundation treatment is not good, it will leave hidden dangers, and it is difficult to remedy it afterwards, and special foundation treatment measures need to be taken.

3. Water conservancy projects are mostly constructed in rivers, lakes, coastal areas and other waters, and it is necessary to carry out construction diversion, interception and underwater operations according to the natural conditions of water flow and the requirements of engineering construction.

4. Water conservancy projects should make full use of the construction during the dry season, with strong seasonality and necessary construction intensity, and some projects need to take temperature control measures due to the influence of climate to ensure the quality of the project. The construction of water conservancy projects is closely related to the social and natural environment, so the impact of the implementation of the project is also greater, so it is necessary to grasp the opportunity, reasonably arrange the plan, carefully organize the construction, and timely solve the problems of flood control and flood crossing in the construction, so as to ensure safety.

Answer]: A control of the construction process of the only important key nodes (diversion engineering, abutment excavation, interception, the main point of the body of the project, the project flood, the lower gate water storage, the project put into operation, etc.) should have the conditions for the book, should be specified in the construction progress design documents.