What are the basic methods of calligraphy copying?

Looking for Lu Hong gradually disappeared (monk Jiaoran).

1. Develop the habit of practicing calligraphy frequently, practice more, reflect on your calligraphy level in each practice, and constantly improve your calligraphy skills.

2. Read more classic calligraphy works, be proficient in using the basic elements of calligraphy, such as font, structure, color and space, etc., and learn its characteristics.

3. Carefully study the classic works of calligraphy in the past dynasties, master the techniques of flexible use of fonts, space and other basic components, and continue to be familiar with and proficient.

4. Choose a good calligraphy imitation of the standard physical object, you can choose exquisite and unique works, so that it is easier for friends who learn calligraphy to carry out the creative process of calligraphy.

5. In the process of learning calligraphy, it is necessary to combine the content of artistic expression, proportion judgment and structural situation, etc., strengthen the ability to judge the content, and continue to study and summarize.

6. Imitate the traditional calligraphers' pen and ink construction techniques, and master the beauty of pen and ink and techniques in classic works, so as to integrate them into their own calligraphy works.

The methods of copying are described as follows:

1. Methods and steps of copying.

1) After repeated observation and research, according to the rules of pen and ink, the --- should be boldly waved in one go, without hesitation, and the pen will be broken and fragmented.

2) Facing the --- and observing carefully. Memorize it in your heart, and then put away the book and write it silently to delete the details.

3) Change --- on the basis of understanding the basic techniques and processing rules of the text, put aside the painting or learn from its chapters to change the subject matter, or imitate its brushwork to paint their own feelings, or change the composition form of the subject matter unchanged. This is the freehand flower and bird painting learning, from the kingdom of necessity to the kingdom of freedom. That is, the ancients helped him to walk independently.

2. Requirements for copying:

1) Resemblance--- beginner copying, be sure to be serious, first pay attention to the likeness, random painting of hail crows, so that the viewer does not know what is drawn. Learning with an open mind and paying attention to the likeness is not the same as being cautious and disgraceful: impetuousness:

Good and high affairs are far less than the same as pungent and bold, pay attention to the similarity, the purpose is to reflect the god-likeness more deeply, this resemblance refers to the general similarity.

2) Those who look like ---gods" are where the charm of the picture is, where the life is. Those who are "god-like" do not stick to the appearance of the original of the fan, but focus on the capture of their vitality and the portrayal of their spiritual outlook, or even imitate their brushwork. The so-called "I am sparse, I am dense, I am thin, I am light, I am light, I am thick, all are indispensable, and there is no need to be shallow and far-reaching, near long, short, wide and narrow."

3) With me--- always think of "me" when copying, that is, "for my use". On the one hand, he is next to the door, and on the other hand, he is the one who has no banquet and the door'Get ready. If you copy for the sake of copying, no matter how forced it is, it is only the efforts of the ancients.

People can't take the law of the ancients and hang it under their wrists, and if they can take it, it's nothing more than my spiritual .....What is made on the same day is a look, and what is made tomorrow is another look, the bureau is different, and the pen is ancient, but it is antique and I have it. Only with antique can I find my own way.

3. Copying essentials.

1) Observe carefully and study deeply:

Copyists often stop at the resemblance and feel that it is difficult to find, or copy for a long time but do not know how to use it, and their diseases are not good at observation and research. The correct approach should be to carefully observe, conduct in-depth research, discover the truth, and look for patterns. The author of the study of copying observes life and summarizes life, that is, how to turn life into art, studies the characteristics of ink and pen and chapter processing of the copy, and studies the advantages and disadvantages of the copy, which can neither be blindly inherited nor denied.

2) Focused, touch bypass:

It is necessary to grasp the key points, concentrate the advantages, and break the army. The shear force is heavy and should not see the abnormal point protrusion.

We must not rush to achieve success, and "attack from all sides" It is necessary to grasp the key points and make breakthroughs in the key points by concentrating superior "troops." Don't see different ideas, the wonderful work should be copied ten times, and then expand the results after gaining experience, and touch the similarities. The same is true for the works of various schools.

That is, the so-called "expo of all families", and then specialize in one and two. Copying and playing, familiar, self-referencing, not limited by the strange ways of predecessors.

The four methods of copying are described as follows:

Double hook, copying, adversity, back-advoicing, intentional proximity and other methods.

Double hook is also called the outline filling method Wang Duanpei, which is a method of pro-posting. Cover the slip with transparent writing paper and outline it with a thin ink line according to the edges of the exposed strokes. When hooking, it is necessary to be careful and accurate, without losing the form of the original post, and the hook line should be even and strong, and strive to show the charm of the gesture of the original post.

In this way, it will not only help to master the method of using the pen, but also leave the shape of each word in your heart, laying the foundation for future writing.

Copying Copying is also called "imitation shadow", covering transparent thin paper on the template and tracing according to the words and shadows that come through the paper. Strive to write exactly the same strokes, especially pay attention to each drawing to complete in one stroke, and do not refill or revise. The advantage is that it is sleepy and does not damage the template, and the disadvantage is that it is separated by a layer of paper, which is not clear in the subtleties, which affects the copying effect.

The advent is to put the template post in front of the eyes and write, the advent is the basic method of the post. It is best to put the post on the post shelf, if there is no post shelf, you can put a stack of books behind the post to make the stele erected, so that the glyph vision on the post can be complete. If placed flat on a desk, it may cause visual bias.

For temporary, it is best to see the structure of each word and the pen, and write word by word, rather than reading and writing one stroke.

Direct proximity, also known as real proscenity, is the most commonly used pro-post method. This method is to put the character in front of the case, observe the shape, structure, and strokes of the word, understand its spirit, and imitate the model character by observing and understanding the text, and then imitate the pen. Word by word, when you are ripe, you can read a few words or a few lines and write, which is usually called the comparison of real presence.

The method of calligraphy copying is as follows:

1. Practical Approach.

This is the most commonly used method of pro-posting. This method is to put the template in front of you, write it with a brush (hard pen), and imitate the model by observing and understanding the text. At the beginning, you can look at a stroke and write a stroke, and look at a word to write a word; When it is ripe, you can read a few words or a few lines and write it, which is usually called adversity.

I have a good memory and understanding of every word and line in the template. You can write the whole post based on your impression, which is the back. The advent will come to the extent of the adversary. Because it can fully integrate the eyes, hands and brains and is very effective, it is widely used by every learner.

Second, the law is in place.

This method can be used when pen and paper are not available. For example, during a break from work, during the train, you can use your fingers to "study" or "create" on objects such as air or tables and stools with the memory of model characters. In this unique learning of calligraphy, you can often deepen your understanding and grasp of the feeling of holding the pen and the speed of moving the brush.

This approach is not only being used in contemporary times; It was in the Qing Dynasty that Zheng Banqiao used his wife's body to learn characters as an example when he was sleeping, and it was widely praised.

3. Mind to the Dharma.

Having a piece of paper and a pen in your mind to learn the model characters is also a fun and effective method. In fact, this method is used invisibly by every scholar. When you practice the Fa Ti, you should first look at the model characters to deepen your understanding, and when you put down the pen, you will have the process of "revising" or "removing" the model characters in your mind, even if it is fleeting.

This coincides with the book theory of "the intention is to put the pen first". In fact, in addition to the many breaks and leisures, if we can make effective use of the method of "mind presence" - progress will often be revealed in the next real presence.

Fourth, the intention of the law.

This is the method of practicing the charm and artistic conception of the Fa. It is widely used by many calligraphers. When studying the Fa book, I do not seek to complete the shape of a word or a painting, but to seek the overall charm to be vivid and natural. This is a creative approach that is not suitable for beginners.

Fifth, the practice of creation.

Some books call it "collection of ancient characters". Select the words in the law to "transplant creation", or couplet, or banner, or fan, which can "arrow" the "double carving" of the post and creation. The title of Wang Xi's trip to the book "Holy Order" is made by the monk Huairen to collect the king's characters.

This kind of practice can effectively eliminate the boring and psychological ills of the post, improve the interest and perception of the tablet, and is a method that is deeply loved by scholars.

Sixth, the method of copying complementarity.

The traditional "copying complementary method" is a method of using a brush (hard pen) to copy first and then come. I would like to introduce a new "copying and complementarity method" that has quietly emerged in today's society, which is to first use a hard pen to outline the "skeleton" of the model character, and then use a brush to "add meat" to the "skeleton".

The "skeleton" that is copied first is the beautiful hard pen character, and then the dot painting form expressed by "adding meat" is the "regeneration" process of the model character. This method not only learns hard pen writing, but also practices brush writing. It's a great way to do it both easily and with one stone.

Copying hard work, is the key to learning books", the learner regards the post as a daily lesson, concentrate on study, the method is appropriate, and use the brain carefully, and the post can get twice the result with half the effort.

The overall basic observation method, the two-point and one-line observation method, and the horizontal and vertical contrast observation method.

1. Overall basic observation method: When you first come into contact with a sketch, don't let the surface be confused, but first observe the whole and gradually subdivide it deeply. When you observe the sketch object, don't just look at a certain individual, look at the whole, and then generalize, after summarizing the basic majority, break down the small parts, and then gradually shrink to a single object, and finally shape according to the characteristics of each object, and then modify the relationship between light and dark when the whole is modified.

2. Two points and one line observation method: this point is also a more practical point, whether it is copying or sketching, we must pay attention to the relationship and coordination of objects, highlight the key points of objects, distinguish the primary and secondary, compare to find the relationship between each object, find the contrast between each other, two points and a line, mark the position and size of the object with a simple line, connect them, slowly reduce the observation object, and finally mark the outline of the object.

3. Horizontal and vertical comparison observation method: horizontal and vertical comparison observation can be said to be the best way to find the accurate position of the points between objects in the final modification or letter implication. The method is very simple, that is, to assume two imaginary lines in the vision, "horizontal and vertical", which can be movable or contrasted with the pencil in your hand.

Observe at a certain point of the object with a horizontal line, observe along the horizontal line, compare the points between the objects on the horizontal line, and then estimate the distance of each point from the horizontal line, compare it with your own sketch, slide the object and laugh and then accurately draw the exact position between the objects in the sketch. The same technique is used on vertical lines to find the points between objects and draw them accurately. This method is a quick and effective trick to modify and find points.

Here's how to do it:

First of all, choose a copy of your favorite, more neat dot painting, and more symmetrical body to copy. If it is a calligraphy calligraphy, you should choose a calligraphy with a smaller font, which can save the effort of shrinking.

Secondly, when learning characters, it is necessary to copy first and then come, and combine copying. The so-called copy is to put the calligraphy under the relatively transparent learning paper, and use a pen to "draw red" bit by bit according to the words on the calligraphy. It is required that the handwriting of the fountain pen should not go beyond the words of the brush, and be written in the middle of the dot painting on the calligraphy.

In this way, over time, it will be easy to learn the structure of the characters on the copybook. The so-called Pro is to put the copybook next to the paper of Xi Maoyou; Draw the gourd according to the words on the post. It is required that the stippling is written vividly, with light and heavy rhythms and changes in thickness.

In this way, over time, it is easy to learn the meaning of the words on the calligraphy. Because it is more difficult to copy the book than the copy, it is necessary to copy it first and then come, because it is two complementary means of learning words, so it is necessary to combine it with copying, step by step.

Furthermore, read the post carefully before copying. For the words on the post, how to write the dot painting, how to arrange the structure, how to arrange the chapter, we must carefully ponder and find out the rules from it, so that it is easy to write with interest, and it is easy to write like and write well. When copying, we should not be greedy for more and more fast, but should concentrate our forces to fight a war of annihilation and persist every day.

For an hour or two, repeat a few words repeatedly, so that there will be real gains. For words that are difficult to write, we must know the difficulties and go up, copy more, and compare more.

In addition, it is not enough to copy the tomb, but also to be able to memorize, core, and use. Back, that is, do not read the post, write with the post on your back, so that you can write the words on the post without looking at the post, and strive to form Bi Xiao; Checking is to check the words written on the back with the words on the post. See if there are mistakes, be good at discovering your own shortcomings, so as to correct your shortcomings; To use what you have learned is to use what you have learned in practical life, and to consolidate and improve what you have learned in practice.

Finally, after you have copied one kind of calligraphy, you should also learn from others like a bee picking a hundred flowers to make honey. Of course, learning to write a book is also the most taboo to see a change of thought, today copy this post, tomorrow to that post, like a marquee in rotation to write, in this way, is not good to write. Beginners must pay attention to pen writing.