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In the third year of King Shenliang of Zhou (318 BC), Sun Yan, the prince of Wei, launched the five kingdoms of Wei, Zhao, Han, Yan, and Chu to attack Qin, and promoted King Huai of Chu as the commander. Gongsun Yan also persuaded Yiqu to attack Qin's flank. Chu and Yan were not threatened by Qin for the time being, and their attitudes were negative and wait-and-see.
The actual troops were only sent to Wei, Zhao, and Han. The coalition forces attacked Hangu Pass and were repulsed by the Qin army. The following year, Qin defeated the Triple Alliance at Xiuyu (present-day Yuanyangxi, Henan), destroying 820,000 enemies (see Battle of Hangu Pass).
The first joint attack on Qin failed.
In the seventeenth year of King Zhou (298 years ago), Qin attacked Chu, fought in the analysis (now Xixia, Henan), annihilated 50,000 Chu troops, and occupied more than l0 cities. Qi, Han, and Wei feared that Qin would continue to expand, which would be even more unfavorable to themselves, so they took advantage of the exhaustion of the Qin army after a long battle and jointly attacked Qin that year. After three years of hard fighting, the Qin army was finally defeated, and the Hangu Pass was attacked, forcing Qin to return Han Zhiwu Sui and Wei Zhifengling and other places.
The second joint attack on Qin was victorious.
In the twenty-eighth year (287 BC), the allied forces of Qi, Zhao, Wei, Han and Yan attacked Qin. The five countries had different purposes, each had its own plan, and entered Xingyang and Chenggao (now Xingyang, Henan), that is, they watched each other and refused to attack first. In order to sabotage the alliance of the five countries, Qin took the initiative to cancel the emperor's title, and returned the former occupation of Wen, Yi, and Gaoping to Wei, and returned the princes and Fu Yu to Zhao.
The coalition forces then withdrew. The third joint attack on Qin collapsed without fighting.
In the third year of King Xiang of Qin Zhuang (247 BC), the five kingdoms of Wei, Zhao, Han, Chu, and Yan formed a coalition army, commanded by Wei Xinling Jun Wuji, to attack Qin, and defeated the Qin army outside Hewai (in the area south of the Yellow River in present-day western Henan) (see Battle of Hewai), and pursued to Hangu Pass and withdrew. The fourth joint attack on Qin was victorious.
In the sixth year of the reign of King Qin (241 BC), he once again formed a coalition of Zhao, Wei, Han, Yan, and Chu, and attacked Qin under the command of Zhao's general Pang Nuan. Qin's new occupation area is large, the troops are scattered, and the people's hearts have not yet stabilized. The offensive began smoothly, penetrating deep into the Hangu Pass, only from Xianyang, the capital of Qin.
Seventy or eighty miles of Qidi (present-day Lintongbei, Shaanxi) (see Battle of Qi). When Qin concentrated his forces to counterattack, the coalition forces were defeated and retreated. The fifth joint attack on Qin failed.
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For the first time, the alliance leader was the Chu State, because the Chu State had the strongest troops at that time and also sent the most troops, and the main general of the Chu State seemed to be Zilan.
The second time was initiated by the Qi State, and the leader of the alliance was naturally the Qi State, which was led by the King of Qi Min, who was known as invincible in the world, but this buddy was very inauthentic, and when the other five countries were fighting on the front line, it used its superior forces to destroy the Song State, the largest vassal state except for the Seven Kingdoms at that time. This directly caused the anti-Qi sentiment of the rest of the countries, and also caused the Six-Nation Alliance led by Le Yi to attack Qi later.
The third time was after the Battle of Changping, and the five countries all realized the terrible nature of the fall of Zhao. It was organized and led by Wei Wuji, the Emperor of Xinling, but this time there was no named alliance leader. Although it was Xinlingjun who led the team, the strength of Wei was not as good as before.
This was the most successful one, recovering all the lands in Hanoi and Hedong that the Qin State had seized in a few decades and the harvest of the Battle of Changping, and directly driving the Qin army back to Hangu Pass.
The fourth time was before the Qin State went east and destroyed the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, with Zhao as the leader of the alliance, and Zhao General Le Cheng as the main general, that is, the son of Le Yi. The coalition forces were defeated by the Qin army outside the Hangu Pass.
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There have been two collaborations between the KMT and the CCP in history, namely:
The first Kuomintang-Communist cooperation:
The first Kuomintang-Communist cooperation, that is, the first cooperation between the Communist Party of China and the Chinese Kuomintang during the Great Revolution. From January 20 to 30, 1924, the First National Congress of the Chinese Kuomintang was held in Guangdong.
The congress adopted a new party constitution, reorganized the Kuomintang organization, elected a new Chinese national leading body with the participation of Communist Party members, reinterpreted the Three People's Principles, formed major policies such as "uniting Russia, uniting the Communist Party, and supporting peasants and workers", realized the first KMT-CPC cooperation, and was also the first place of KMT-CPC cooperation.
The second Kuomintang-Communist cooperation:
The second KMT-CCP cooperation was the second cooperation established between the Communist Party of China and the Chinese Kuomintang during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, that is, the Anti-Japanese National United Front.
In mid-August 1937, Chiang Kai-shek was forced to agree to reorganize the ** Red Army in northern Shaanxi into the Eighth Route Army of the National Revolutionary Army, and on September 22, the Kuomintang News Agency issued the "Declaration of the Communist Party of China for the Publication of the Kuomintang-Communist Cooperation", and on the 23rd, Chiang Kai-shek issued a statement recognizing the legal status of the Communist Party. In this way, the anti-Japanese national united front with the cooperation of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party as the main body was formally established.
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There were two Kuomintang-Communist cooperations, the first of which was the overthrow of the Northern Expedition from 1924 to 1927, which ended in failure. The second time was from 1937 to 1945, for the victory of the War of Resistance against Japan, the second cooperation was carried out, and the subsequent war of liberation, the second cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party broke down.
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From 1924 to 1927, in order to overthrow the then rule of the Northern Valve, the Kuomintang and the Communist Party cooperated for the first time. Most fond of Chiang Kai-shek's betrayal revolution, the first cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party ended in failure.
From 1937 to 1945, based on the severe situation of the War of Resistance Against Japan, the Kuomintang and the Communist Party carried out the second cooperation and won the victory of the War of Resistance against Japan, but the subsequent War of Liberation marked the breakdown of the second cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party.
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There were two KMT-CCP cooperations, the first was the Northern Expedition, and the second was the KMT and the KMT fighting the Japanese invaders together.
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There are two times. The first cooperation was for the resistance of the foreign powers and the overthrow of the warlord forces, and the second cooperation was for the war of resistance against Japan.
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The two cooperation is to resist foreign aggression together, and to resist foreign aggression on our land!
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Although the Six Kingdoms did not defeat the Qin State militarily, it gave the Qin State a great deterrent and improved the status of the Chu State. In terms of internal affairs, Qu Yuanzhu did not have a dust, Lu Zhangzhang showed the law, promoted the virtuous, and carried out reforms.
In 221 BC, Qin Shi Huang unified the six kingdoms.
In 230 BC, Nei Shi Teng led his troops to destroy Korea, captured Han Wang'an, and placed the Han land in Yingchuan County, and Han died. >>>More
Su Qin can be said to have "sacrificed" for the emperor, and in order to be able to help King Qi catch the real murderer, it can be said that he was voluntarily executed "car split". At the earliest, Su Qin was a disciple of Guiguzi, but at that time, even if he studied hard, his life was still very poor, and he couldn't find a way out for a while, Su Qin had no choice but to stay at home all day to continue studying, knowing that he began to see a "bright future" and became a "strategist". >>>More
Su Xun's "Treatise on the Six Kingdoms" has a simple and natural style and is not informal, which has made great development of prose and has a far-reaching impact on later generations. >>>More
The New Book
The Treatise on the Passage of the Qin Dynasty is selected from the New Book. "The Passage of Qin" is a political treatise, the main purpose of which is to analyze the "transgressions of Qin". In the first part, through a review of the prosperous history of the Qin State, it is pointed out that the Qin State changed the law to become strong and won the world, and "benevolence and righteousness are not applied" and cannot defend the world. >>>More