In 1861, the British and French forces invaded, and Xianfeng did not resist

Of course! Who would watch their country being invaded!

On October 6, 1860, the British and French troops invaded Beijing and broke into the Old Summer Palace. They plundered everything in the garden that could be taken away. and if he could not carry it, he carried it in carts or animals; If you can't get it away, you can destroy it at will. In order to destroy the incriminating evidence, on 18 and 19 October, more than 3,000 invaders were ordered to set fire to the garden.

The fire burned for three days, and the smoke clouds enveloped the entire city of Beijing. The treasure of China's garden art and the essence of architectural art have been reduced to ashes.

On October 8, 1856, the British invaders created the "Yarrow Incident". In 1853, Britain and the United States and other countries set off negotiations to "revise the treaty", but they failed. At the beginning of October 1856, a 100-ton Chinese merchant ship "Yarrow" sailed from Xiamen to Guangzhou and docked at Huangpu.

The sailors on board are all Chinese, and the owner Su Yacheng is also a Chinese in Hong Kong. The ship had been seized by pirates. In order to facilitate smuggling, the vessel had obtained a registration certificate in Hong Kong.

On October 8, the Guangdong sailor captured two Chinese pirates and 10 suspected Chinese sailors who had been harboring on board. I don't want the British consul in Guangzhou, Pashali, to think that the ship had been registered in Hong Kong and had a license, insisting that it was a British ship, and even fabricated that the Chinese sailors had torn off the British flag on the ship, insulting Britain, and unreasonably demanding that Ye Mingchen, the governor of Liangguang, immediately release the prisoner and apologize to the British. But when Ye Mingchen returned all 12 people on the 22nd, Pa Xiali still refused to accept it, and even the letters sent by Ye Mingchen refused to be opened.

On the 23rd, the British navy in China brazenly launched an attack on Guangzhou. The Second Opium War broke out. In this way, the "Yarrow Incident" became a pretext for Britain to deliberately provoke a war of aggression against China.

and became the fuse of the Second Opium War.

In October 1856, the British colonialists used the "Yarrow Incident" to create a pretext for warc

From 1956 to 1860, Britain and France fought the Second Opium War against China, and the defeated Qing Dynasty was forced to sign the Treaty of Tianjin with Britain, France, Russia, and the United States, and signed the Treaty of Beijing with Britain, France, and Russia as a supplement to the Treaty of Tianjin.

After the Second Opium War, China lost more than 1.5 million square kilometers of territory in the northeast and northwest, and after the war, the Qing were able to concentrate on suppressing the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom and maintaining its rule. The foreign invading forces expanded to the coastal provinces and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The degree of semi-colonization of Chinese society has further deepened.

It was once said that if you are backward, you will be beaten, and the First Opium War and the Second Opium War are examples of this.

The defeated Qing Dynasty was forced to sign the Treaty of Tientsin with Britain, France, Russia, and the United States, and the Treaty of Beijing with Britain, France, and Russia as a supplement to the Treaty of Tientsin.

Soon after, the Qing court signed the Sino-Russian Treaty of Aihui, ceding large areas of territory.

The defeated Qing Dynasty was forced to sign various unequal treaties that humiliated the country, which stimulated social contradictions and accelerated the decline and decline of the Qing Dynasty!

In 16 years, Britain and France fought the Opium War against China.

The Treaty of Tianjin, the Treaty of Peking, the Treaty of Aihui.

The play tells the story of the three brothers and sisters who fled to Kanto to Kanto in order to avoid the pursuit of the government from the British and French forces in 1868 to the early stage of the Xinhai Revolution.

There was only one fundamental reason for the Second Opium War, and that was the failure of the capitalist aggressors to maximize their interests.

After the signing of a series of unequal treaties such as the Treaty of Nanjing, the Western powers obtained many privileges from China, but they still had to obtain many more privileges. They also demanded the legalization of opium ** in China, the trade of the entire territory of China, and the establishment of an embassy in Beijing. Professor Huang Yuhe, an academician of the Australian Academy of Social Sciences, has studied the Second Opium War in recent years, and his latest research results prove that the reason why Britain launched this war was to a large extent to force the Qing Dynasty to legalize opium, so as to protect the greatest economic interest of Britain in China at that time——— opium.

13) Pursue their fundamental interests in China's overall economic and political interests. If this fundamental interest cannot be grasped, a new war of aggression will break out sooner or later, and the only question is the timing and pretext for launching the war.

Napoleon once said that China is a sleeping lion! So they want to see how awesome we are!

Invaded China's territory, China was vast and rich, and every Western country was optimistic about China, and China was in a period of decline at that time.

Because at that time, France and Britain were both optimistic about China's fat.

(1) After the Opium War, Britain and other Western powers forced the Qing Dynasty to sign the first batch of unequal treaties such as the Treaty of Nanjing, and the nature of Chinese society changed, and China began to degenerate into a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. (3 points).

2) In the Second Opium War, the Great Powers forced the Qing Dynasty to sign the "Beijing Treaty" and other second batch of unequal treaties, and China lost more territory and sovereignty, and the degree of semi-colonization was further deepened. (3 points).

3) During the First Sino-Japanese War, Japan forced the Qing Dynasty to sign the Treaty of Shimonoseki, which greatly deepened China's national crisis. (3 points).

4) In 1900, the Eight-Nation Coalition launched a war of aggression against China, and the Great Powers forced the Qing Dynasty to sign the Treaty of Xincho. Through the "Xinchou Treaty", the Western powers further controlled China, and the Qing Dynasty completely became a tool for the Western powers to rule China, turning into a "foreigner's court". (3 points).

In this way, the Western powers launched a series of wars of aggression and forced the Qing Dynasty to sign a series of unequal treaties, gradually turning Chinese society into the abyss of a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. (1 point).

After the Opium War, Britain and other Western powers forced the Qing Dynasty to sign the first batch of unequal treaties such as the Treaty of Nanjing, the nature of China's society changed, and China began to degenerate into a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society; In the Second Opium War, the Great Powers forced the Qing Dynasty to sign the "Beijing Treaty" and other second batch of unequal treaties, China lost more territory and sovereignty, and the degree of semi-colonization was further deepened; In the First Sino-Japanese War, Japan forced the Qing Dynasty to sign the Treaty of Shimonoseki, which greatly deepened China's national crisis; In 1900, the Eight-Nation Coalition launched a war of aggression against China, and the foreign powers forced the Qing Dynasty to sign the Treaty of Xincho. Through the "Xinchou Treaty", the Western powers further controlled China, and the Qing Dynasty completely became a tool for the Western powers to rule China, turning into a "foreigner's court".