What components in the respiratory chain activate oxygen?

Oxidation in living organisms is mainly achieved through dehydrogenation. Metabolites under the action of dehydrogenase, the shed hydrogen atoms cannot be directly combined with oxygen to form water, but require the delivery of a series of transporters. Some of these transporters are hydrogen transmitters, some are electrons, and finally transfer hydrogen atoms to molecular oxygen to combine into water.

On the inner membrane, prokaryotes.

The respiratory chain is on the cytoplasmic membrane. The main component of the respiratory chain is niacinamide.

Coenzyme NAD+ or NADP+ of dehydrogenase, prosthetic group FMN or FAD of flavin dehydrogenase, ubiquinone or coenzyme Q, iron-sulfurin, cytochromes B, C1, C, AA3, etc. The electron transporters in the respiratory chain function in a specific order, and the sequence of electron transporters in the mitochondria shown in Figure 1 is now generally accepted after a series of studies. Such as from the tricarboxylic acid cycle.

Fatty acids oxidized and other intermediate metabolites of electrons and protons can be delivered by the coenzyme NAD+ or NADP+ of the dehydrogenase, which accepts 1 hydrogen and 1 electron to become a reduced coenzyme, leaving the remaining 1 proton in the liquid medium. The reduced coenzyme NADH can transfer hydrogen atoms to the procommodative group FMN or FAD of flavin dehydrogenase, so that the latter is converted into FMN H2 or hydrogen atoms on FADH2 and transferred to Coenzyme Q through iron-sulfur protein, and the two hydrogen atoms in the reduced state of CoQ may be dissociated into 2H++2E, and the electrons are transferred to oxygen by cytochrome B C1 C AA3 to generate O2-, while protons are free in the medium and O2- to form H2O. There are also many types of respiratory chains in living organisms, some of which are different members of intermediate transporters, such as succinic acid.

Dehydrogenation is converted to fumarate, and hydrogen is not transported through NAD+. Some bacteria use vitamin K instead of CoQ.

Oxidative respiratory chain, eukaryotic ATP production occurs mainly in the ** chondria. The paired hydrogen atoms removed by nutrient metabolism exist in the form of reduction equivalents, and then gradually transferred through a redox chain reaction catalyzed by various enzymes and coenzymes, and finally combine with oxygen to form water. The gradual release of energy drives ATP production.

Since this process is related to cellular respiration, this transport chain containing multiple redox components is called the oxidative respiratory chain. In the oxidative respiratory chain, enzymes and coenzymes involved in redox are arranged in a certain order on the inner membrane of the chondreua . Among them, the enzyme or coenzyme that transports hydrogen is called the hydrogen transmitter, and the enzyme or coenzyme that transports electrons is called the electron transmitter.

Hydrogen delivery also needs to transfer electrons, and they play the role of transferring electrons, so the oxidative respiratory chain is also called the electron transfer chain.