What are the technologies used in cold chain logistics?

In the food distribution industry, cold chain distribution can be said to be the standard configuration of major canteens, through various cold chain technologies, can effectively reduce the loss of ingredients in the transportation process, greatly ensure the quality of ingredients, and escort the food health of customers. Cold chain distribution involves many links, and the preservation technology related to cold chain distribution generally includes: pre-cooling technology, quick-freezing technology, and food packaging technology.

Let's briefly introduce the contents of each part.

1. Pre-cooling technology.

There are many kinds of pre-cooling technology, and the common method in China is to pre-cool the cold storage and use the air cooler.

The heat from the surroundings is taken away, and the fresh ingredients are preserved. Other preservation techniques include vacuum pre-cooling, which is to place vegetables and fruits in a closed environment, extract air and water vapor, and force the water to evaporate, so that the temperature of the ingredients is lowered. There are still pre-cooling technologies with low requirements for facilities and equipment, such as cold water pre-cooling, ice cold pre-cooling, and natural cooling.

As the name suggests, it is a convenient way to reduce ingredients by using cold water, ice cubes, natural ventilation, etc.

2. Quick-freezing technology.

Quick-freezing generally refers to the use of modern freezing technology to reduce the temperature of food to a certain temperature below its freezing point in the shortest possible time. The quick-freezing technology is mainly meat products, etc., mainly to ensure that the ingredients can be stored for a long time as much as possible. Vacuum freezing technology is common, which can greatly reduce the inhibition of aerobic bacteria, reduce the oxygen content of the air, and extend the shelf life of meat.

Then there is ozone refrigeration, which is an important way to preserve meat as a highly effective disinfectant that can effectively kill fungi and break down meat hormones.

3. Large-scale packaging technology.

In the distribution of ingredients, the demand for vegetable ingredients is huge, and some ingredients need to be packaged. Large-scale packaging mainly includes vacuum packaging, that is, air and moisture are extracted to inhibit the reproduction of mold and other aerobic microorganisms. Most of this packaging can only delay and inhibit the oxidation rate of the ingredients, but cannot stop the oxidation.

In addition, the common packaging method is shrink packaging, which shrinks the packaged food film after heating, sticks to the surface of the food, prevents the loosening of the food, and is convenient for transportation and sales.

The above technologies applied in the cold chain distribution and preservation link of Nahengna, for different ingredients, the corresponding preservation technology will be different.

Cold chain standards, certification technology, cold chain refrigeration technology, cold chain preservation, etc. If you have other related questions, please consult Shanghai Ouxing Storage and Transportation.

There are three main characteristics: (1) Timeliness: because the products carried by cold chain logistics are not easy to store and are perishable. Therefore, the cold chain logistics must be completed in a short time to ensure that there are no problems with the product.

2) Complexity: Compared with room temperature logistics, cold chain logistics involves refrigeration technology, thermal insulation technology, temperature and humidity detection, information system and product change mechanism research and other technologies, some products even involve the constraints of laws and regulations, and each product is required by its corresponding temperature and humidity and storage time, once the chain is broken will cause the previous efforts to be in vain, so the complexity of cold chain logistics is greatly increased.

3) High cost: The cost of cold chain logistics is much higher than that of room temperature logistics. First of all, the cost of equipment is high, the cost of cold chain logistics center warehouses and cold chain vehicles is generally several times that of normal temperature warehouses and vehicles, and because it involves food and other special facilities and equipment, a large amount of capital investment is required; Secondly, the operating cost of cold chain logistics is high, and the cold storage needs uninterrupted cooling to ensure that the temperature is in a constant state, resulting in high electricity costs of cold storage; Refrigerated trucks also need to be continuously cooled to ensure that the temperature of the product is constant, which requires more fuel costs.

The capital period of cold chain logistics is long, which is not something that ordinary enterprises can afford.

Cold chain logistics. The seven major models of the industry are: warehousing, comprehensive, distribution, platform, transportation, e-commerce, and chain.

1. Warehousing, that is, the main infrastructure of cold chain logistics, that is, what people often call cold storage.

2. Comprehensive refers to the comprehensive business mainly engaged in low-temperature warehousing, trunk transportation and urban distribution. Different from a single cold chain logistics company, its business is relatively extensive, involving all aspects of warehousing, transportation and distribution.

3. Distribution type, mainly serving four types of customers, including supermarket merchants, supermarket distribution centers, chain catering distribution centers, and fresh e-commerce.

4. Platform type refers to big data and Internet of Things technology.

Relying on IT technology, it integrates value-added services such as logistics finance and insurance.

Build a cold chain resource trading platform of "Internet + cold chain logistics".

5. Transportation, mainly refers to the low-temperature transportation of goods, including trunk transportation, regional distribution and urban distribution.

6. E-commerce is an emerging model, which mainly refers to the cold chain platform built by those fresh e-commerce enterprises, which can provide cold chain logistics services for customers on the e-commerce platform in addition to their own use.

7. The first chain type refers to the core enterprise through the flow of information.

Logistics and capital flow control, from procurement to terminal the whole process to provide low-temperature transportation, processing, warehousing, distribution services, and then by the distribution network to deliver products to consumers. In general, it is to bring the best traders, manufacturers, logistics providers and distributors.

Functional network chain structure that is connected as a whole.

First, cold chain logistics.

It improves the preservation ability of food, does not affect the nutrition and taste of food, and greatly improves the storage life of food.

Second, cold chain logistics is very efficient, food is transported between different regions is very convenient, and the food is still fresh when it is delivered to the destination.

Third, cold chain logistics provides a guarantee for the safe transportation of food, refrigerated and frozen food requires a complete cold chain logistics to carry out temperature control of the whole process of the goods to ensure the safety of food, and cold chain logistics can realize the closed environment, storage and transportation when loading and unloading goods, etc.

Fourth, reduce product circulation loss. At present, the loss rate of grain circulation in China is about 15%, and the loss rate of fruits and vegetables is 25%-30%; The refrigerated transport rate is only 10%.

Fifth, reduce the cost of product circulation. It is estimated that China's fruit and vegetable circulation costs account for more than 60% of the terminal product market, of which the cost of lost fruits and vegetables accounts for about 70% of the entire circulation costs, much higher than the international standard of 50%.

Sixth, promote the increase of production income. Due to the backward cold chain logistics technology of China's products and the high circulation loss rate, products worth more than 100 billion yuan are lost in the circulation process every year, which affects the income of producers.

Refrigeration and transportation to ensure that fresh food will not deteriorate.

However, with the gradual heating up of China's refrigeration market, foreign refrigeration equipment companies have also begun to "pan for gold" in China today, and have achieved good development results. The deep cultivation and development of foreign enterprises in the Chinese market have made China's refrigeration equipment industry enterprises face huge challenges.

Compared with developed countries, China's refrigeration equipment enterprises have low investment in scientific research and relatively backward detection methods, which affects the improvement of refrigeration technology. From the perspective of long-term development, the formation of core technology and core competitiveness with independent intellectual property rights, we can truly realize the refrigeration industry from a manufacturing country to a manufacturing power.

China's refrigeration equipment industry should cope with the current situation of refrigeration equipment development at home and abroad, grasp the development direction of refrigeration equipment technology, and find out and solve the current problems of industry development. Combined with the current situation of China's economic development and the development status of refrigeration equipment technology, industry standards are formulated. Only by creating a good refrigeration equipment market can we break through the bottleneck of industry development.

Cold chain logistics ushered in a period of rapid development, the development of agricultural product processing industry, the need to reduce the loss of agricultural product circulation, the increase in the importance of food safety and the increase in demand for frozen and refrigerated food, will promote the rapid development of agricultural product logistics.

At present, there are still many challenges in terms of storage challenges, such as logistics and service assurance.

There is still a lack of a specific standard and supervision mechanism in the cold chain logistics industry, resulting in many chaos in the cold chain logistics system, such as the private conversion of box trucks into refrigerated trucks for transportation, the non-standard operation of the last mile of fresh food and the frequent occurrence of problems such as "frozen fresh" and "frozen fresh" pretending to be "chilled". In addition, the cold chain logistics industry involved in the various scientific research institutions, industrial technology organizations scattered in various departments, industries, so that it is difficult to communicate with each other, can not form a unified plan, virtually hindered the healthy development of cold chain logistics, further exacerbated the market chaos.

At present, the cold chain logistics of agricultural products ushered in a period of rapid development, the development of agricultural products processing industry, the need to reduce the loss of agricultural product circulation, the increase in the degree of attention to food safety and the increase in demand for frozen and refrigerated food, will promote the logistics of agricultural products to usher in a period of rapid development.

All aspects of cold chain logistics of agricultural products are inseparable from refrigeration equipment, especially the cold storage construction of storage links and the low-temperature transport vehicles of circulation links are the weak links of cold chain logistics of agricultural products.

The quick-frozen food industry will rise in China, becoming the most rapidly developing food industry in the future and a breakthrough in the industrialization of traditional food in China. It is expected that in the next 5 to 10 years, with the inflow of foreign technology and the development of domestic technology, the improvement of relevant policies and regulations, the improvement of people's living standards and cultural standards, the development of food refrigerated transportation and refrigeration equipment will gradually improve and improve.

The main reason is that people pay attention to health and like fresh things, which leads to the prospect of the cold chain logistics industry is not very good.

There are high fees, inconsistent services, long timeliness, and so on.

Cold chain logistics is now a more popular industry, basically to invest in two cold storage, and then the middle is to run back and forth.

In fact, the current cold chain logistics.

The biggest trouble is the delivery at the end.

Because there are a lot of cars delivered at the end of the line.

If you need a tricycle with a cold chain.

This cost is very expensive.

And it is also a breakthrough in packaging.

The layout of cold chain logistics is mainly concentrated in warehousing, commerce, and warehousing and distribution, while the transportation capacity of highway trunk lines mainly relies on the fragmented carrier state of individual car owners and small fleets, forming a scattered state.

This should still have a lot of room for development, because his refrigeration business is still quite good.

I think it should be a high cost, and there is nothing else.

Hello Kiss is happy to answer this question for you. Answer: What logistics information technology is used in which links of cold chain logisticsA:

01. Blockchain traceability technology, through the deployment of blockchain nodes on each subject of cold chain transportation, the use of high-quality temperature sensors (through open source SDK and Chronicled API to support blockchain), real-time recording of cargo information, matching temperature information with location information, and realizing comprehensive information on the chain, so as to become electronic evidence that cannot be tampered with, which can increase the cost of fraud denial by all parties. If the goods deteriorate due to temperature changes while they are in circulation, it is easy to find a responsible carrier. At the same time, it can also be combined with smart contracts to automatically warn cargo owners and carriers when there is a long-term abnormal temperature in Shuchang, so as to avoid greater losses, and also eliminate the work of backtracking information after problems, and enhance the possibility of multi-party collaboration.

02. Global Positioning System Technology (GPS) Global Positioning System (GPS) is a new generation of satellite navigation and positioning system with all-round real-time three-dimensional navigation and positioning capabilities of sea, land and air. As a mobile sensing technology, GPS is an important technology used in cold chain logistics by the Internet of Things. The combination of GPS and modern communication technology has made the method of determining the three-dimensional coordinates of the earth's surface develop from static to dynamic, from data post-processing to real-time positioning and navigation, which greatly expands the breadth and depth of its application, and real-time query and positioning of the location of fruit and vegetable cold chain logistics transportation vehicles and items.

03. Intelligent temperature control and cold chain circulation technology adopts technologies such as low-temperature temporary maintenance, pure oxygen distribution, step-by-step cooling and intelligent temperature control, so that the goods are in a semi-hibernation state during transportation, and the whole process of closed temperature control management is achieved. In addition, relying on the whole process of product cold chain circulation technology, after the product is harvested, it is sent to the constant temperature workshop for cooling and fresh-keeping treatment, and then weighed and packed to continue to place the cold storage to cool down and then load the freezer, and through the whole process of monitoring, the container transportation is kept at 0 to 2 until the destination is opened.